Pub Date : 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100543
Fatima Zahra Mhada , Mohamed Ouzineb , Issmail El Hallaoui
The interaction between production management and quality management is crucial to ensuring high-quality products and maintaining customer satisfaction. In manufacturing settings, quality control and inspection stations are typically implemented on production lines to prevent the dispatch of defective products. This study explores the integration of additional inspection stations into a manufacturing line to minimize overall costs and improve operational efficiency. The non-homogeneous manufacturing line studied in this article consists of unreliable machines, inventories, and inspection stations. The goal is to minimize the long-term average cost per unit of time, which includes both storage costs and inspection costs. To solve the optimization problem, the study employs dynamic programming and demonstrates the approach with an illustrative example. The results suggest that a more complex optimal configuration, balancing inspection and storage needs, leads to better overall cost efficiency.
{"title":"Optimal buffer sizes and inspection station positions in unreliable non-homogeneous production lines","authors":"Fatima Zahra Mhada , Mohamed Ouzineb , Issmail El Hallaoui","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The interaction between production management and quality management is crucial to ensuring high-quality products and maintaining customer satisfaction. In manufacturing settings, quality control and inspection stations are typically implemented on production lines to prevent the dispatch of defective products. This study explores the integration of additional inspection stations into a manufacturing line to minimize overall costs and improve operational efficiency. The non-homogeneous manufacturing line studied in this article consists of unreliable machines, inventories, and inspection stations. The goal is to minimize the long-term average cost per unit of time, which includes both storage costs and inspection costs. To solve the optimization problem, the study employs dynamic programming and demonstrates the approach with an illustrative example. The results suggest that a more complex optimal configuration, balancing inspection and storage needs, leads to better overall cost efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"53 2","pages":"Article 100543"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100544
Jiaxin Cao , Xinchen Shu , Qi Liu , Yixin Wang , Yuxin Liu , Feng Jiang , Jin Shu
Sandstorms are becoming increasingly frequent and intense as a result of climate change, desertification, and land-use degradation, posing substantial risks to human health. Exposure to airborne dust particles, particularly PM10 and PM2.5, has been associated with a wide range of adverse health outcomes, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, conjunctivitis, and negative birth outcomes. To provide a systematic overview of global research trends in this field, we conducted a bibliometric and visualized analysis of sandstorm-related health studies published between 2005 and 2025 (provisional) using the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were applied to examine publication outputs, international and institutional collaboration networks, author contributions, co-cited references, and keyword dynamics. A total of 1328 English-language articles and reviews were included, revealing a marked increase in publications after 2014, with a peak in 2019. China, the United States, and Iran emerged as the leading contributors, with major research output from institutions such as the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Tottori University. Co-citation and keyword analyses indicated a thematic evolution from particulate exposure and acute respiratory effects toward emerging topics including oxidative stress, microbial toxicity, machine learning applications, and climate change, while notable geographic underrepresentation persisted in African and Central Asian regions. Overall, this study delineates the evolving landscape of sandstorm-health research, highlighting both methodological diversification and persistent geographic and thematic gaps, and underscores the need for enhanced interdisciplinary collaboration and more regionally inclusive research to support effective mitigation strategies and health interventions.
由于气候变化、荒漠化和土地利用退化，沙尘暴变得越来越频繁和强烈，对人类健康构成重大风险。暴露于空气中的粉尘颗粒，特别是PM10和PM2.5，与一系列不良健康结果有关，包括呼吸系统和心血管疾病、结膜炎和不良分娩结果。为了对该领域的全球研究趋势进行系统的概述，我们使用Web of Science Core Collection对2005年至2025年（暂定）发表的与沙尘暴相关的健康研究进行了文献计量和可视化分析。应用CiteSpace和VOSviewer对出版物产出、国际和机构合作网络、作者贡献、共同被引文献和关键词动态进行了分析。共有1328篇英文文章和评论被纳入其中，表明2014年之后的出版物显著增加，并在2019年达到峰值。中国、美国和伊朗成为主要贡献者，主要研究成果来自中国科学院和鸟取大学等机构。共引和关键词分析表明，从颗粒物暴露和急性呼吸效应到氧化应激、微生物毒性、机器学习应用和气候变化等新兴主题的主题演变，而非洲和中亚地区的地理代表性仍然明显不足。总体而言，本研究描绘了沙尘暴健康研究的演变格局，突出了方法的多样化和持续存在的地理和专题差距，并强调需要加强跨学科合作和更具区域包容性的研究，以支持有效的缓解战略和健康干预措施。
{"title":"Emerging trends and hotspots in sandstorms and human health research: A bibliometric and knowledge mapping study","authors":"Jiaxin Cao , Xinchen Shu , Qi Liu , Yixin Wang , Yuxin Liu , Feng Jiang , Jin Shu","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sandstorms are becoming increasingly frequent and intense as a result of climate change, desertification, and land-use degradation, posing substantial risks to human health. Exposure to airborne dust particles, particularly PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2</sub>.<sub>5</sub>, has been associated with a wide range of adverse health outcomes, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, conjunctivitis, and negative birth outcomes. To provide a systematic overview of global research trends in this field, we conducted a bibliometric and visualized analysis of sandstorm-related health studies published between 2005 and 2025 (provisional) using the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were applied to examine publication outputs, international and institutional collaboration networks, author contributions, co-cited references, and keyword dynamics. A total of 1328 English-language articles and reviews were included, revealing a marked increase in publications after 2014, with a peak in 2019. China, the United States, and Iran emerged as the leading contributors, with major research output from institutions such as the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Tottori University. Co-citation and keyword analyses indicated a thematic evolution from particulate exposure and acute respiratory effects toward emerging topics including oxidative stress, microbial toxicity, machine learning applications, and climate change, while notable geographic underrepresentation persisted in African and Central Asian regions. Overall, this study delineates the evolving landscape of sandstorm-health research, highlighting both methodological diversification and persistent geographic and thematic gaps, and underscores the need for enhanced interdisciplinary collaboration and more regionally inclusive research to support effective mitigation strategies and health interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"53 2","pages":"Article 100544"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100542
Sara Soulaimani , Fathalla A. Rihan , Abdelilah Kaddar
This paper develops a stochastic mathematical model to study the stability and global dynamics of alcohol consumption. The population is divided into four compartments, with transitions described by deterministic differential equations and extended with stochastic perturbations to capture random variability. Stability is analyzed using Lyapunov functions, while a global sensitivity analysis based on partial rank correlation coefficients (PRCC) identifies key parameters driving long-term outcomes. Numerical simulations validate the theory, showing how initiation, relapse, and cessation rates shape system resilience and the effectiveness of intervention strategies. The results reveal how stochastic effects and targeted interventions determine drinking behavior trends.
{"title":"A stochastic model of alcohol consumption: Stability and global dynamics","authors":"Sara Soulaimani , Fathalla A. Rihan , Abdelilah Kaddar","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper develops a stochastic mathematical model to study the stability and global dynamics of alcohol consumption. The population is divided into four compartments, with transitions described by deterministic differential equations and extended with stochastic perturbations to capture random variability. Stability is analyzed using Lyapunov functions, while a global sensitivity analysis based on partial rank correlation coefficients (PRCC) identifies key parameters driving long-term outcomes. Numerical simulations validate the theory, showing how initiation, relapse, and cessation rates shape system resilience and the effectiveness of intervention strategies. The results reveal how stochastic effects and targeted interventions determine drinking behavior trends.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"53 2","pages":"Article 100542"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antibiotic contamination from pharmaceutical industrial effluent poses a growing environmental problem due to the persistence and ecotoxicity of these compounds. This study provides a detailed evaluation of ciprofloxacin, a frequently found antibiotic in Indonesian pharmaceutical effluent, by using a combined method that includes advanced testing techniques, treatment for breaking it down, life cycle analysis, and toxicity predictions about it. Ciprofloxacin was found and measured using a carefully tested liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method, which used a BEH C18 column and was improved with a water–acetonitrile mixture and 16 eV collision energy. The method exhibited excellent performance with linearity (R2 > 0.999), recovery (98–102 %), a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.29 mg/L, and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.97 mg/L. UV/O3 treatment achieved >90 % ciprofloxacin removal in real pharmaceutical effluent. LCA results revealed a 58 % reduction in eutrophication potential and a 43 % decrease in aquatic toxicity burden, with chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) as key impact drivers. Despite the treatment's efficiency, predictive modeling using the Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (T.E.S.T.) indicated that ciprofloxacin remains mutagenic and developmentally toxic, with a low bioaccumulation factor (BCF = 10.95). This study demonstrates that UV/O3 is a useful and eco-friendly method for cleaning effluent containing antibiotics, and it also provides a means to evaluate how new treatments impact the environment. Additionally, the findings highlight the necessity of combining advanced treatments with environmental impact assessments to inform safer waste management strategies in the pharmaceutical industry.
{"title":"Revealing the environmental fate of ciprofloxacin in pharmaceutical effluent through UV/O3 degradation tracked by LC-MS/MS and assessed using a risk-based sustainability framework","authors":"Wahyu Zuli Pratiwi , Hadiyanto Hadiyanto , W. Widayat , Azhar Darlan , Yoyon Wahyono","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotic contamination from pharmaceutical industrial effluent poses a growing environmental problem due to the persistence and ecotoxicity of these compounds. This study provides a detailed evaluation of ciprofloxacin, a frequently found antibiotic in Indonesian pharmaceutical effluent, by using a combined method that includes advanced testing techniques, treatment for breaking it down, life cycle analysis, and toxicity predictions about it. Ciprofloxacin was found and measured using a carefully tested liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method, which used a BEH C18 column and was improved with a water–acetonitrile mixture and 16 eV collision energy. The method exhibited excellent performance with linearity (R<sup>2</sup> > 0.999), recovery (98–102 %), a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.29 mg/L, and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.97 mg/L. UV/O<sub>3</sub> treatment achieved >90 % ciprofloxacin removal in real pharmaceutical effluent. LCA results revealed a 58 % reduction in eutrophication potential and a 43 % decrease in aquatic toxicity burden, with chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) as key impact drivers. Despite the treatment's efficiency, predictive modeling using the Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (T.E.S.T.) indicated that ciprofloxacin remains mutagenic and developmentally toxic, with a low bioaccumulation factor (BCF = 10.95). This study demonstrates that UV/O<sub>3</sub> is a useful and eco-friendly method for cleaning effluent containing antibiotics, and it also provides a means to evaluate how new treatments impact the environment. Additionally, the findings highlight the necessity of combining advanced treatments with environmental impact assessments to inform safer waste management strategies in the pharmaceutical industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"53 2","pages":"Article 100538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100541
Sunday Oladele , Bamidele Ruth Faleye , Joseph Oluwagbeja Simeon
An exploration of subsurface soil properties has been conducted at a proposed construction site in the aquatic city of Lagos, Nigeria, through the integration of geotechnical and geophysical methods. The aim was to characterise the soil properties and assess their implications for the proposed multi-storey infrastructure. Standard Penetration Tests (6), Dutch Cone Penetrometer Tests (14), and dipole-dipole and pole-dipole electrical resistivity imaging were conducted at the site. The topsoil, consisting of sandy lateritic clay (10–5595 Ωm), extends from 0 to 4 m and grades into dense sand at other locations, reaching a depth of 5.50m. The topsoil exhibits high shear strength (≤150 kg/m2), an allowable bearing pressure of 54 kN/m2 to 85 kN/m2, and a safety factor of 2.5. A 3- to 6-m-thick layer of soft, amorphous clay/peaty clay (0–11 Ωm) lies beneath the topsoil. Grey, medium to very dense sand (0–2387 Ωm), containing infrequent gravel, is found beneath this layer down to 30 m depth. Within the peat/peaty clay, zones containing freshwater show high resistivity responses (83–2380 Ωm), whereas clayey sand with saline water exhibits lower resistivity (0–40 Ωm). The total ground-bearing pressure for the proposed structure is estimated at 225 kN/m2. Precast piles reaching 18 m depth, with diameters and safe working loads of 600 mm/1140 kN, 800 mm/2010 kN, or 1000 mm/3150 kN, are recommended for the multi-storey development. This study is novel because it reduces the ambiguity and high cost typically associated with subsurface explorations that preclude the combination of geotechnical and geophysical methods.
{"title":"Subsurface exploration for soil geotechnical properties: Implications for infrastructure design and construction in Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"Sunday Oladele , Bamidele Ruth Faleye , Joseph Oluwagbeja Simeon","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An exploration of subsurface soil properties has been conducted at a proposed construction site in the aquatic city of Lagos, Nigeria, through the integration of geotechnical and geophysical methods. The aim was to characterise the soil properties and assess their implications for the proposed multi-storey infrastructure. Standard Penetration Tests (6), Dutch Cone Penetrometer Tests (14), and dipole-dipole and pole-dipole electrical resistivity imaging were conducted at the site. The topsoil, consisting of sandy lateritic clay (10–5595 Ωm), extends from 0 to 4 m and grades into dense sand at other locations, reaching a depth of 5.50m. The topsoil exhibits high shear strength (≤150 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), an allowable bearing pressure of 54 kN/m<sup>2</sup> to 85 kN/m<sup>2</sup>, and a safety factor of 2.5. A 3- to 6-m-thick layer of soft, amorphous clay/peaty clay (0–11 Ωm) lies beneath the topsoil. Grey, medium to very dense sand (0–2387 Ωm), containing infrequent gravel, is found beneath this layer down to 30 m depth. Within the peat/peaty clay, zones containing freshwater show high resistivity responses (83–2380 Ωm), whereas clayey sand with saline water exhibits lower resistivity (0–40 Ωm). The total ground-bearing pressure for the proposed structure is estimated at 225 kN/m<sup>2</sup>. Precast piles reaching 18 m depth, with diameters and safe working loads of 600 mm/1140 kN, 800 mm/2010 kN, or 1000 mm/3150 kN, are recommended for the multi-storey development. This study is novel because it reduces the ambiguity and high cost typically associated with subsurface explorations that preclude the combination of geotechnical and geophysical methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"53 2","pages":"Article 100541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The pine processionary moth (PPM) (Thaumetopoea pityocampa, Denis and Schiffer-Müller 1775, Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) is one of the most dangerous pests of pine and cedar in the Mediterranean forest area. During feeding on fresh needles, larvae participate in weakening trees ecological quality, making them more vulnerable to environmental stress. Large infestations can lead to significant defoliations, and even to the decline of the entire forest. In the present study, a variety of three essential oils (EOs) (Artemisia herba-alba, Thymus numidicus, and Citrus limon), belonging to diverse botanical families, have been evaluated on the 2nd, 3rd and 4th moth larval stages. The toxicological effect was estimated under controlled conditions at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. Results showed that EOs yields ranged between 2.17 % for T. numidicus, 1.32 % for A. herba-alba, and 1.02 % for C. limon. The major chemical components identified using GC-MS protocol were thymol (27.68 %) and carvacrol (16.37 %) for T. numidicus, camphor (28.56 %) and β-thujone (20.60 %) for A. herba-alba, and limonene (51.28 %) and o-cymene (27.99 %) for C. limon. Mortality gradually increased with concentration and prolonged exposure duration. The highest mortality rates were observed in the 2nd and 3rd larval instars with T. numidicus (95 % and 62 %) and A. herba-alba (70 % and 72.5 %) EOs, compared to C. limon EO, which showed a moderate effect (50 % and 42.5 %) after 96 h at the highest concentration (1 %). This study pointed out that T. numidicus EO, rich in phenolic compounds (thymol and carvacrol), exhibited higher insecticidal potency against PPM larvae. Further exploration of its impact on PPM and other lepidopteran pests should include field trials and the development of suitable formulations that ensure stability and prolonged activity under natural conditions.
松行蛾（Thaumetopoea pityocampa, Denis and schiffer - m 1775，鳞翅目：齿齿蛾科）是地中海林区松树和雪松最危险的害虫之一。在以新鲜针叶为食的过程中，幼虫参与削弱树木的生态质量，使其更容易受到环境压力的影响。大规模的虫害会导致大量的落叶，甚至导致整个森林的衰落。本研究对不同植物科的三种精油（Artemisia herba-alba， thyymus numidicus和Citrus limon）在2、3和4月蛾幼虫期进行了鉴定。结果表明，在24、48、72和96 h的控制条件下，绿腹田鼠的产率为2.17%，白草田鼠为1.32%，柠檬田鼠为1.02%。气相色谱-质谱法鉴定的主要化学成分为：野田鼠的百里香酚（27.68%）和香芹酚（16.37%），白田鼠的樟脑（28.56%）和β-图琼酮（20.60%），柠檬草的柠檬烯（51.28%）和o-花仙花烯（27.99%）。死亡率随着浓度和暴露时间的延长而逐渐增加。对2龄和3龄幼虫，最高浓度为1%时，褐皮姬鼠（95%和62%）和草白姬鼠（70%和72.5%）的死亡率最高，96 h后对柠檬姬鼠（50%和42.5%）的效果中等。本研究指出，黄颡鱼含有丰富的酚类化合物（百里香酚和香芹酚），对PPM幼虫具有较高的杀虫效力。进一步探索其对PPM和其他鳞翅目害虫的影响应包括实地试验和开发适当的配方，以确保在自然条件下的稳定性和长期活性。
{"title":"Phytochemical composition and larvicidal activities of Artemisia herba-alba, Thymus numidicus and Citrus limon peel essential oils on the pine processionary moth","authors":"Ibtissem Boudjahem , Noureddine Soltani , Fathi Berrabah , Imededdine Kadi , Mouslim Bara , Seyf Eddine Merzoug , Amel Aouati","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pine processionary moth (PPM) (<em>Thaumetopoea pityocampa</em>, Denis and Schiffer-Müller 1775, Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) is one of the most dangerous pests of pine and cedar in the Mediterranean forest area. During feeding on fresh needles, larvae participate in weakening trees ecological quality, making them more vulnerable to environmental stress. Large infestations can lead to significant defoliations, and even to the decline of the entire forest. In the present study, a variety of three essential oils (EOs) (<em>Artemisia herba-alba</em>, <em>Thymus numidicus</em>, and <em>Citrus limon</em>), belonging to diverse botanical families, have been evaluated on the 2nd, 3rd and 4th moth larval stages. The toxicological effect was estimated under controlled conditions at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. Results showed that EOs yields ranged between 2.17 % for <em>T. numidicus</em>, 1.32 % for <em>A. herba-alba</em>, and 1.02 % for <em>C. limon</em>. The major chemical components identified using GC-MS protocol were thymol (27.68 %) and carvacrol (16.37 %) for <em>T. numidicus</em>, camphor (28.56 %) and β-thujone (20.60 %) for A. <em>herba-alba,</em> and limonene (51.28 %) and o-cymene (27.99 %) for <em>C. limon</em>. Mortality gradually increased with concentration and prolonged exposure duration. The highest mortality rates were observed in the 2nd and 3rd larval instars with <em>T. numidicus</em> (95 % and 62 %) and <em>A. herba-alba</em> (70 % and 72.5 %) EOs, compared to <em>C. limon</em> EO<em>,</em> which showed a moderate effect (50 % and 42.5 %) after 96 h at the highest concentration (1 %). This study pointed out that <em>T. numidicus</em> EO, rich in phenolic compounds (thymol and carvacrol), exhibited higher insecticidal potency against PPM larvae. Further exploration of its impact on PPM and other lepidopteran pests should include field trials and the development of suitable formulations that ensure stability and prolonged activity under natural conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"53 2","pages":"Article 100540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The application of exogenous plant growth regulators (PGRs) alters the endogenous hormonal balance, thereby regulating key processes in plant tissue culture such as proliferation, rooting, and seedling production. Current research on ginger tissue culture predominantly focuses on the development of stage-specific culture media, tailored to particular phases such as proliferation or rooting. However, such narrowly optimized formulations often result in suboptimal efficiency when applied in scaled-up production systems. Therefore, it is imperative to devise integrated multifunctional media that can simultaneously support and enhance multiple developmental processes. This study used ginger shoot tips as explants and Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium in an orthogonal test design to investigate combinations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA). The results showed that the optimal medium for Z. officinale tissue-cultured plantlets was MS + 0.25 mg L−1 IBA +1.25 mg L−1 6-BA. This PGR combination resulted in the lowest browning rate (12.5 %) and no hyperhydricity of isolated stem tips. Rooting coefficient (17.67), fresh weight (1.02 g), and leaf number (7.33) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than other treatments. Additionally, shoot length (1.30 cm), multiplication coefficient (6.33), root length (1.48 cm), and plant height (3.67 cm) all ranked among the top performing groups. SOD activity (191.42 U·g−1) in this group was significantly higher than the overall mean, while MDA (1.29 μmol mg−1) and H2O2 (1.32 μmol g−1) contents were lower than average values. This study provided a simple and rapid method for ginger tissue culture production, facilitating rational resource utilization and industrial application.
{"title":"Effects of plant growth regulator combinations on the growth of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) plantlets in vitro","authors":"Quanlong Li, Xiaomeng Xing, Yongzhi Gong, Zehua Li, Mengjun Huang, Yusong Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of exogenous plant growth regulators (PGRs) alters the endogenous hormonal balance, thereby regulating key processes in plant tissue culture such as proliferation, rooting, and seedling production. Current research on ginger tissue culture predominantly focuses on the development of stage-specific culture media, tailored to particular phases such as proliferation or rooting. However, such narrowly optimized formulations often result in suboptimal efficiency when applied in scaled-up production systems. Therefore, it is imperative to devise integrated multifunctional media that can simultaneously support and enhance multiple developmental processes. This study used ginger shoot tips as explants and Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium in an orthogonal test design to investigate combinations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA). The results showed that the optimal medium for <em>Z. officinale</em> tissue-cultured plantlets was MS + 0.25 mg L<sup>−1</sup> IBA +1.25 mg L<sup>−1</sup> 6-BA. This PGR combination resulted in the lowest browning rate (12.5 %) and no hyperhydricity of isolated stem tips. Rooting coefficient (17.67), fresh weight (1.02 g), and leaf number (7.33) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than other treatments. Additionally, shoot length (1.30 cm), multiplication coefficient (6.33), root length (1.48 cm), and plant height (3.67 cm) all ranked among the top performing groups. SOD activity (191.42 U·g<sup>−1</sup>) in this group was significantly higher than the overall mean, while MDA (1.29 μmol mg<sup>−1</sup>) and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (1.32 μmol g<sup>−1</sup>) contents were lower than average values. This study provided a simple and rapid method for ginger tissue culture production, facilitating rational resource utilization and industrial application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"53 2","pages":"Article 100539"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100537
Bella Bose , Luca G. Tallini
In the proper enumeration of the binary words, the sequence is arranged as Simple methods for finding the index of a given word in this proper enumeration are presented and analyzed. Additionally, methods for determining the corresponding word from a given index in this enumeration are described. These methods are extended to any radix- word system.
{"title":"On the proper enumeration of all finite length strings for source coding","authors":"Bella Bose , Luca G. Tallini","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2026.100537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the proper enumeration of the binary words, the sequence is arranged as <span><span><span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>{</mo><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>8</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>9</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>}</mo></mrow><mover><mrow><mo>=</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>def</mi></mrow></mover><mrow><mo>{</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>00</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>01</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>11</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>000</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>001</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>010</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>}</mo></mrow><mo>.</mo></mrow></math></span></span></span> Simple methods for finding the index of a given word in this proper enumeration are presented and analyzed. Additionally, methods for determining the corresponding word from a given index in this enumeration are described. These methods are extended to any radix-<span><math><mi>r</mi></math></span> word system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"53 2","pages":"Article 100537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145915214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100528
Furkan Seçgin , Çağla Ramis İlgüz , İsmail Gök
This work introduces complex hybrid numbers, an extension of hybrid numbers, which are defined as where are complex numbers and . We investigate their algebraic properties, classify them into , , and -types, and analyze their matrix representations. Numerical examples illustrate key findings, highlighting both their theoretical structure and potential areas of application. Key findings are demonstrated with numerical examples, emphasizing their structural importance and their uses.
{"title":"On complex hybrid numbers: Algebraic structures, matrix representations, and geometric interpretations","authors":"Furkan Seçgin , Çağla Ramis İlgüz , İsmail Gök","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work introduces complex hybrid numbers, an extension of hybrid numbers, which are defined as <span><math><mrow><mi>Z</mi><mo>=</mo><msub><mrow><mi>z</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>+</mo><msub><mrow><mi>z</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>i</mi><mo>+</mo><msub><mrow><mi>z</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mi>ɛ</mi><mo>+</mo><msub><mrow><mi>z</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><mi>h</mi></mrow></math></span> where <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>z</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> are complex numbers and <span><math><mrow><mi>i</mi><mi>h</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>−</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>i</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>ɛ</mi></mrow></math></span>. We investigate their algebraic properties, classify them into <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ℂ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ℂ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo></mrow></math></span> <span><math><mi>D</mi></math></span>, and <span><math><mi>P</mi></math></span>-types, and analyze their matrix representations. Numerical examples illustrate key findings, highlighting both their theoretical structure and potential areas of application. Key findings are demonstrated with numerical examples, emphasizing their structural importance and their uses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"53 1","pages":"Article 100528"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100527
Marcia Fampa , Jon Lee
In 2022, we published the book Maximum-Entropy Sampling: Algorithms and Application (Springer). Since then, there have been several notable advancements on this topic. In this manuscript, we survey some recent highlights.
{"title":"Recent advances in maximum-entropy sampling","authors":"Marcia Fampa , Jon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2022, we published the book <em>Maximum-Entropy Sampling: Algorithms and Application (Springer)</em>. Since then, there have been several notable advancements on this topic. In this manuscript, we survey some recent highlights.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"53 1","pages":"Article 100527"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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