Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103547
Gonglin Yuan , Chunzhao Liang , Yong Li
Based on the acceleration effect of the inertial extrapolation technique on the convergence of iterative sequences, the number of algorithms incorporating this technique has gradually increased in recent years. Currently, there is a relative paucity of studies focusing on the Polak-Ribière-Polyak (PRP) conjugate gradient algorithm that integrate the inertial extrapolation technique. In this article, we introduce an inertial three-term PRP conjugate gradient projection method by incorporating an inertial extrapolation step into the three-term PRP algorithm, where the search direction exhibits sufficient descent and trust region characteristics. The search rule employs a derivative-free technique. Under suitable hypotheses, the proposed algorithm demonstrates global convergence. Numerical results indicate the superiority and competitiveness of this innovative method. Furthermore, its effectiveness in addressing image restoration problems underscores the practicality of this algorithm.
基于惯性外推技术对迭代序列收敛的加速效应，近年来采用该技术的算法逐渐增多。目前，针对结合惯性外推技术的polak - ribi - polyak （PRP）共轭梯度算法的研究相对较少。本文通过在三项PRP算法中加入惯性外推步骤，提出了一种惯性三项PRP共轭梯度投影方法，该方法的搜索方向具有足够的下降和信赖域特征。搜索规则采用无导数技术。在适当的假设条件下，该算法具有全局收敛性。数值结果表明了该方法的优越性和竞争力。此外，它在解决图像恢复问题上的有效性突出了该算法的实用性。
{"title":"An inertial conjugate gradient projection method for large-scale nonlinear equations and its application in the image restoration problems","authors":"Gonglin Yuan , Chunzhao Liang , Yong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on the acceleration effect of the inertial extrapolation technique on the convergence of iterative sequences, the number of algorithms incorporating this technique has gradually increased in recent years. Currently, there is a relative paucity of studies focusing on the Polak-Ribière-Polyak (PRP) conjugate gradient algorithm that integrate the inertial extrapolation technique. In this article, we introduce an inertial three-term PRP conjugate gradient projection method by incorporating an inertial extrapolation step into the three-term PRP algorithm, where the search direction exhibits sufficient descent and trust region characteristics. The search rule employs a derivative-free technique. Under suitable hypotheses, the proposed algorithm demonstrates global convergence. Numerical results indicate the superiority and competitiveness of this innovative method. Furthermore, its effectiveness in addressing image restoration problems underscores the practicality of this algorithm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103547"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103570
Mohammed A. Alghassab
This study investigates an innovative approach to lithium-ion battery thermal management using thermoelectric (TEC) modules and phase change materials (PCMs). The system incorporates battery enclosures filled with PCMs to stabilize temperature fluctuations. These enclosures are immersed in a water reservoir where the heat from the batteries is absorbed by the PCMs, which subsequently transfer heat to the surrounding water. A TEC cooling system then cools the water, completing the heat dissipation cycle. Experimental results show that this integrated system effectively reduces battery temperatures, achieving temperature reductions of approximately 12% for 50-watt, 9% for 30-watt, and 14% for 10-watt battery modes compared to natural convection methods. This approach not only enhances battery performance but also proves suitable for applications requiring compact and efficient thermal management solutions, such as electric vehicles.
{"title":"Advanced thermal management system of Lithium-Ion Batteries: Integrating thermoelectric modules with phase change materials","authors":"Mohammed A. Alghassab","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates an innovative approach to lithium-ion battery thermal management using thermoelectric (TEC) modules and phase change materials (PCMs). The system incorporates battery enclosures filled with PCMs to stabilize temperature fluctuations. These enclosures are immersed in a water reservoir where the heat from the batteries is absorbed by the PCMs, which subsequently transfer heat to the surrounding water. A TEC cooling system then cools the water, completing the heat dissipation cycle. Experimental results show that this integrated system effectively reduces battery temperatures, achieving temperature reductions of approximately 12% for 50-watt, 9% for 30-watt, and 14% for 10-watt battery modes compared to natural convection methods. This approach not only enhances battery performance but also proves suitable for applications requiring compact and efficient thermal management solutions, such as electric vehicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103570"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103567
M. Kanchana, K. Kavitha
The neutrosophic set serves as a powerful tool for addressing complexity, ambiguity, and managing imperfect and inconsistent information in the digital world. Graph theory plays a crucial role in determining the shortest path for neutrosophic sets through graph algorithms. This article introduces a novel algorithm, the bipartite graph contraction algorithm, to elucidate the graphical aspects within neutrosophic set theory by using score function for ranking. The proposed bipartite neutrosophic graph contraction algorithm is applied to solve a single-valued neutrosophic network, where the transportation unit cost is expressed as a trapezoidal single-valued neutrosophic number and produced the result as . A comparative analysis with an existing algorithm is conducted, and a novel introduction of sensitivity analysis in the realm of neutrosophic set theory is presented to assess the optimality of the result in neutrosophic transportation problems.
{"title":"Sensitivity analysis and application of single-valued neutrosophic transportaion problem","authors":"M. Kanchana, K. Kavitha","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The neutrosophic set serves as a powerful tool for addressing complexity, ambiguity, and managing imperfect and inconsistent information in the digital world. Graph theory plays a crucial role in determining the shortest path for neutrosophic sets through graph algorithms. This article introduces a novel algorithm, the bipartite graph contraction algorithm, to elucidate the graphical aspects within neutrosophic set theory by using score function for ranking. The proposed bipartite neutrosophic graph contraction algorithm is applied to solve a single-valued neutrosophic network, where the transportation unit cost is expressed as a trapezoidal single-valued neutrosophic number and produced the result as <span><math><mrow><mo>〈</mo><mfenced><mrow><mrow><mn>364</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>537</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>694</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>908</mn></mrow></mrow></mfenced><mo>;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0.7</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0.7</mn></mrow><mo>〉</mo></mrow></math></span>. A comparative analysis with an existing algorithm is conducted, and a novel introduction of sensitivity analysis in the realm of neutrosophic set theory is presented to assess the optimality of the result in neutrosophic transportation problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103567"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103580
Md. Shihab Uddin Sohag, Md. Al-Monsur, Md. Mushfiqur Rahman, Md. Al Amin Sarker, Sanjay Dutta, Fazle Rabbi Shakil Ahmed
During sprouting, significant chemical transformations frequently transpire, leading to variations in the concentrations of diverse bioactive compounds present in the seeds. Consequently, seeds and sprouts may have altered bioactivity. The current study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activities of crude hydroalcoholic (70 % ethanol and 30 % distilled water) extracts of Momordica charantia seeds and sprouts and their antibacterial efficacies against morbific bacteria sourced from hospitalized patients. Utilizing three assays- DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), and ferric ions reducing power), the antioxidant activities were evaluated. The results revealed that the sprout extract significantly outperformed the seed extract in terms of Fe3+ ions reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 163.37 ± 23.91 μg/ml), and ABTS radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 30.56 ± 6.90 µg/ml). The antibacterial efficacies against five morbific bacteria (Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella oxytoca) isolated from hospitalized patients were evaluated by the agar disc diffusion method. The findings indicated that the extracts derived from both sprouts and seeds exerted potent antibacterial efficacy by suppressing the growth of several clinical isolates. Both extracts possessed statistically significant (p < 0.05) antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae and Escherichia coli. Seed extract had greater antibacterial activity than sprout extract against Enterococcus faecalis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibited the lowest and identical susceptibility at three distinct concentrations (200 μg, 400 μg, and 800 μg) of seed extract. No extracts have shown any antibacterial action against Klebsiella oxytoca. The results of the study indicate that Momordica charantia sprouts exhibit a greater capacity to scavenge free radicals as antioxidants, whereas seeds possess more potent and broader antibacterial efficacy compared to sprouts.
{"title":"Antioxidant activities of seeds and sprouts of Momordica charantia and their antibacterial efficacies against pathogenic bacteria isolated from hospitalized patients","authors":"Md. Shihab Uddin Sohag, Md. Al-Monsur, Md. Mushfiqur Rahman, Md. Al Amin Sarker, Sanjay Dutta, Fazle Rabbi Shakil Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During sprouting, significant chemical transformations frequently transpire, leading to variations in the concentrations of diverse bioactive compounds present in the seeds. Consequently, seeds and sprouts may have altered bioactivity. The current study aimed to evaluate the <em>in vitro</em> antioxidant activities of crude hydroalcoholic (70 % ethanol and 30 % distilled water) extracts of <em>Momordica charantia</em> seeds and sprouts and their antibacterial efficacies against morbific bacteria sourced from hospitalized patients. Utilizing three assays- DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), and ferric ions reducing power), the antioxidant activities were evaluated. The results revealed that the sprout extract significantly outperformed the seed extract in terms of Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 163.37 ± 23.91 μg/ml), and ABTS radical scavenging activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 30.56 ± 6.90 µg/ml). The antibacterial efficacies against five morbific bacteria (<em>Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,</em> and <em>Klebsiella oxytoca</em>) isolated from hospitalized patients were evaluated by the agar disc diffusion method. The findings indicated that the extracts derived from both sprouts and seeds exerted potent antibacterial efficacy by suppressing the growth of several clinical isolates. Both extracts possessed statistically significant (p < 0.05) antibacterial activity against <em>Enterobacter cloacae</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em>. Seed extract had greater antibacterial activity than sprout extract against <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em>. <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> exhibited the lowest and identical susceptibility at three distinct concentrations (200 μg, 400 μg, and 800 μg) of seed extract. No extracts have shown any antibacterial action against <em>Klebsiella oxytoca</em>. The results of the study indicate that <em>Momordica charantia</em> sprouts exhibit a greater capacity to scavenge free radicals as antioxidants, whereas seeds possess more potent and broader antibacterial efficacy compared to sprouts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103580"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103573
Warda Khan , Rizwan Shaukat , Awais Khan , Amna Khan , Bushra Ahmad , Saira Saleem , Mohammad Abul Farah , Waqas Amin , Obaid Ullah Khan
Rheumatoid Arthritis is an auto-immune condition resulting in the formation of autoantibodies that cause joint and systemic inflammation. Different signs and symptoms include pain, redness, and swelling in joints leading to difficulties performing day-to-day activities and restlessness. The prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis worldwide and in Pakistan is 0.5 % and 1 %, respectively, with females experiencing a higher ratio due to improper diet, weight loss, fatigue, and housework. Aloe vera chicken meatballs, rich in protein, calories, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and collagen protein, have anti-inflammatory effects on arthritis patients by reducing inflammatory mediator production. By considering this, we conducted an experiment on the production of Aloe Vera based chicken meatballs with different doses including (100 g of chicken, 10 g of Aloe Vera + 90 g of Chicken, 20 g of Aloe Vera + 80 g of Chicken, 30 g of Aloe Vera + 70 g of Chicken) at Meat Science Nutraceutical Laboratory, National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. 100 g of chicken was considered as a control treatment. The meatballs were tested on four different groups of rheumatoid patients at Allied Hospital Faisalabad. The results indicated that the combination (20 g of Aloe Vera + 80 g of Chicken) yielded the most significant reduction in the Arthritis Factor Test by 26 %, compared to untreated arthritis patients. Additionally, it showed 20 % higher acceptability than the control group. Therefore, meatballs containing 20 g of Aloe Vera and 80 g of Chicken were deemed the most effective biomedicine for alleviating rheumatoid arthritis in humans.
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory potential of aloe vera meatballs and their impact on rheumatoid arthritis","authors":"Warda Khan , Rizwan Shaukat , Awais Khan , Amna Khan , Bushra Ahmad , Saira Saleem , Mohammad Abul Farah , Waqas Amin , Obaid Ullah Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rheumatoid Arthritis is an auto-immune condition resulting in the formation of autoantibodies that cause joint and systemic inflammation. Different signs and symptoms include pain, redness, and swelling in joints leading to difficulties performing day-to-day activities and restlessness. The prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis worldwide and in Pakistan is 0.5 % and 1 %, respectively, with females experiencing a higher ratio due to improper diet, weight loss, fatigue, and housework. Aloe vera chicken meatballs, rich in protein, calories, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and collagen protein, have anti-inflammatory effects on arthritis patients by reducing inflammatory mediator production. By considering this, we conducted an experiment on the production of Aloe Vera based chicken meatballs with different doses including (100 g of chicken, 10 g of Aloe Vera + 90 g of Chicken, 20 g of Aloe Vera + 80 g of Chicken, 30 g of Aloe Vera + 70 g of Chicken) at Meat Science Nutraceutical Laboratory, National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. 100 g of chicken was considered as a control treatment. The meatballs were tested on four different groups of rheumatoid patients at Allied Hospital Faisalabad. The results indicated that the combination (20 g of Aloe Vera + 80 g of Chicken) yielded the most significant reduction in the Arthritis Factor Test by 26 %, compared to untreated arthritis patients. Additionally, it showed 20 % higher acceptability than the control group. Therefore, meatballs containing 20 g of Aloe Vera and 80 g of Chicken were deemed the most effective biomedicine for alleviating rheumatoid arthritis in humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103573"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heavy metal pollution poses significant environmental and health risks due to the toxic effects of metals like copper and chromium at elevated concentrations. Despite their essential roles in trace amounts, these metals can be highly toxic. Bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa are promising candidates for bioremediation due to their robustness and adaptability. The objective of this study was to analyze and identify potential copper and chromium binding genes involved in metal detoxification in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01. The heavy metal binding protein identified as ferredoxin using MALDI-TOF/PMF-MS analysis was further characterized. The structure of the ferredoxin protein was elucidated using the SWISS-MODEL tool. Metal-binding domains were validated through a pattern search against UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and UniProtKB/TrEMBL databases using the ScanProsite tool. Comparative sequence alignments were conducted between the copper-binding NosD gene of P. aeruginosa, the ferredoxin gene of P. aeruginosa PA01, and the chromium-binding iron hydrogenase 1 gene of Clostridium chromiireducens. The SWISS-MODEL analysis revealed alpha helices and beta sheets with key metal-coordinating amino acids (cysteine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, histidine, and methionine). The ScanProsite tool confirmed the presence of a 4Fe-4S ferredoxin-type iron-sulphur binding domain essential for coordinating chromium and copper ions. Sequence alignments showed a 64.29 % similarity between the NosD gene and ferredoxin gene, and a 67 % identity between the iron hydrogenase 1 gene and ferredoxin gene, with correlations in amino acid residues involved in metal binding. These findings suggest that the ferredoxin gene could effectively bind heavy metal ions, offering potential applications in bioremediation of metal-polluted soils using Pseudomonas species. This study contributes to sustainable agricultural productivity by facilitating the targeted remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils through biological means.
{"title":"Copper and chromium binding by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PA01 for implications of heavy metal detoxification and soil remediation: A computational approach","authors":"Shanmuga Priya Ramasamy , Priya Sundararajan , Muthukrishnan Pallikondaperumal , Ponmurugan Karuppiah , Saminathan Kayarohanam , Natarajan Arumugam , Ling Shing Wong , Sinouvassane Djearamane","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy metal pollution poses significant environmental and health risks due to the toxic effects of metals like copper and chromium at elevated concentrations. Despite their essential roles in trace amounts, these metals can be highly toxic. Bacteria such as<!--> <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> <!-->are promising candidates for bioremediation due to their robustness and adaptability.<!--> <!-->The objective of this study was to analyze and identify potential copper and chromium binding genes involved in metal detoxification in<!--> <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> <!-->PA01. The heavy metal binding protein identified as ferredoxin using MALDI-TOF/PMF-MS analysis was further characterized. The structure of the ferredoxin protein was elucidated using the SWISS-MODEL tool. Metal-binding domains were validated through a pattern search against UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and UniProtKB/TrEMBL databases using the ScanProsite tool. Comparative sequence alignments were conducted between the copper-binding NosD gene of<!--> <em>P. aeruginosa</em>, the ferredoxin gene of<!--> <em>P. aeruginosa</em> <!-->PA01, and the chromium-binding iron hydrogenase 1 gene of<!--> <em>Clostridium chromiireducens</em>. The SWISS-MODEL analysis revealed alpha helices and beta sheets with key metal-coordinating amino acids (cysteine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, histidine, and methionine). The ScanProsite tool confirmed the presence of a 4Fe-4S ferredoxin-type iron-sulphur binding domain essential for coordinating chromium and copper ions. Sequence alignments showed a 64.29 % similarity between the NosD gene and ferredoxin gene, and a 67 % identity between the iron hydrogenase 1 gene and ferredoxin gene, with correlations in amino acid residues involved in metal binding. These findings suggest that the ferredoxin gene could effectively bind heavy metal ions, offering potential applications in bioremediation of metal-polluted soils using<!--> <em>Pseudomonas</em> <!-->species. This study contributes to sustainable agricultural productivity by facilitating the targeted remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils through biological means.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103552"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103579
Daouda Kone , Souleymane Tuo , Kolotioloma Alama Coulibaly , Bi Tra Olivier Gore , Kouakou Bernard Dje , Mariam Traore , Boko Aka
In Côte d’Ivoire, the use of renewable energy is becoming a major challenge in the context of climate change and global warming. Therefore, the aim of this study is to characterize the wind profile for potential energy in Abidjan, Man, Bouaké and Korhogo of Côte d’Ivoire using satellite data. Wind speed and direction data from Copernicus Centre from 2015 to 2022 are used for these major cities. The frequency method is used to build wind rose and power density formula to estimate the potential energy for each city, at ground level (10 m) and in particular level at 100 m and 500 m. The results showed a slightly wind speed and direction variation from 2015 to 2022. This suggests that wind has a seasonal (wet and dry) evolution over the year. However, wind speeds increase for each city with the altitude. The higher average wind speed is observed in Abidjan with a power density of 58 W/m2. The lower wind speed and power density are observed in Man, Bouaké and Korhogo. So, the coastline of Côte d’Ivoire has the higher wind energy resource than the inland regions of the country.
{"title":"Assessment of wind potential energy of four major cities in Cote d’ivoire using satellite data from 2015 to 2022","authors":"Daouda Kone , Souleymane Tuo , Kolotioloma Alama Coulibaly , Bi Tra Olivier Gore , Kouakou Bernard Dje , Mariam Traore , Boko Aka","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Côte d’Ivoire, the use of renewable energy is becoming a major challenge in the context of climate change and global warming. Therefore, the aim of this study is to characterize the wind profile for potential energy in Abidjan, Man, Bouaké and Korhogo of Côte d’Ivoire using satellite data. Wind speed and direction data from Copernicus Centre from 2015 to 2022 are used for these major cities. The frequency method is used to build wind rose and power density formula to estimate the potential energy for each city, at ground level (10 m) and in particular level at 100 m and 500 m. The results showed a slightly wind speed and direction variation from 2015 to 2022. This suggests that wind has a seasonal (wet and dry) evolution over the year. However, wind speeds increase for each city with the altitude. The higher average wind speed is observed in Abidjan with a power density of 58 W/m<sup>2</sup>. The lower wind speed and power density are observed in Man, Bouaké and Korhogo. So, the coastline of Côte d’Ivoire has the higher wind energy resource than the inland regions of the country.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103579"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103585
Mehrnoush Aminisarteshnizi, Ngonidzashe A.G. Moyo, Mokgadi E. Raphalo
The genetic diversity in Redbreast tilapia (Coptodon rendalli) is under threat from climate change, human activities, and natural hybridisation, prompting conservation concerns. To investigate the genetic characteristics of C. rendalli, genetic diversity, genetic structure, population differentiation, and historical demography were evaluated using mitochondrial DNA COI (cytochrome oxidase subunit I) and D-loop sequences from various countries. Phylogenetic and genetic diversity analysis based on the mtDNA sequences (COI H = 9, haplogroup = 3, and D-loop H = 5, haplogroup = 3) showed private haplotypes in some of the populations. The results showed significant differences in genetic diversity among the analysed populations (P < 0.001). Molecular variance analysis showed low variation levels among populations (COIFST = 0.02176, D-loopFST = 0.52), which was significant only for D-loop. The neutrality tests and mismatch distribution based on the mtDNA supported the hypothesis of under-purifying selection of C. rendalli. The results indicated that the population did not undergo expansion. The findings of this study revealed molecular divergence among the C. rendalli populations and may serve as pivot information for the genetic improvement of this species. In conclusion, this study has elucidated the utility of two reliable and cost-effective molecular markers for analysing genetic diversity. Notably, the mitochondrial D-loop region’s sensitivity to reflecting genetic diversity in C. rendalli surpasses that of the COI gene.
{"title":"Genetic and haplotype diversity of redbreast tilapia (Coptodon rendalli) based on cytochrome oxidase subunit I and D-loop","authors":"Mehrnoush Aminisarteshnizi, Ngonidzashe A.G. Moyo, Mokgadi E. Raphalo","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genetic diversity in Redbreast tilapia (<em>Coptodon rendalli</em>) is under threat from climate change, human activities, and natural hybridisation, prompting conservation concerns. To investigate the genetic characteristics of <em>C. rendalli</em>, genetic diversity, genetic structure, population differentiation, and historical demography were evaluated using mitochondrial DNA COI (<em>cytochrome oxidase subunit I</em>) and D-loop sequences from various countries. Phylogenetic and genetic diversity analysis based on the mtDNA sequences (COI H = 9, haplogroup = 3, and D-loop H = 5, haplogroup = 3) showed private haplotypes in some of the populations. The results showed significant differences in genetic diversity among the analysed populations (P < 0.001). Molecular variance analysis showed low variation levels among populations (COIF<sub>ST</sub> = 0.02176, D-loopF<sub>ST</sub> = 0.52), which was significant only for D-loop. The neutrality tests and mismatch distribution based on the mtDNA supported the hypothesis of under-purifying selection of <em>C. rendalli</em>. The results indicated that the population did not undergo expansion. The findings of this study revealed molecular divergence among the <em>C. rendalli</em> populations and may serve as pivot information for the genetic improvement of this species. In conclusion, this study has elucidated the utility of two reliable and cost-effective molecular markers for analysing genetic diversity. Notably, the mitochondrial D-loop region’s sensitivity to reflecting genetic diversity in <em>C. rendalli</em> surpasses that of the COI gene.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103585"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103556
Mubin Mustafa Kiyani , Sarah Sadiq , Maria Sarfraz , Chanda Javed , Maisra Azhar Butt , Hassan Burair Abbas , Hamza Rehman , Syed Ali Imran Bokhari
Background: Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis caused by excessive deposition of uric acid in the body and joints. Prolonged administration of uric acid lowering drugs have multiple side effects. Objectives: To investigate the antioxidant and anti-gout properties of iron oxide nanoparticles in hyperuricemic gouty mice. Methodology: Sol-Gel precipitation technique was used for chemogenesis of Iron oxide nanoparticles by using Ferrous Chloride (FeCl2) and Ferric chloride (FeCl3). Characterization was carried out by X-ray diffraction, SQUID magnetization, scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX). Monosodium Urate crystals (MSUC) induced gout into the ankle joint of the mice. Iron oxide nanoparticles were orally administrated to the mice. To study the impact of Iron oxide nanoparticles biochemical analysis like total protein, antioxidant activity, and ankle diameter were conducted. Results: Results showed that oral administration of iron oxide nanoparticles had a beneficiary impact on gouty mice. The antioxidant activity were significantly improved by increasing levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and reactive oxygen species in treated group with 250 mg/kg of body weight of iron oxide nanoparticles. Ankle diameter and levels of total protein were also reduced in treated groups. Conclusion: Current research indicates that Iron oxide nanoparticles have antioxidant as well as anti-gout effects in gouty mice. These results provide credence to the possibility of using Iron oxide nanoparticles as a gout alternative treatment. The potential therapeutic uses of iron oxide nanoparticles in human patients require more investigation.
{"title":"Therapeutic potential of Chemogenic Iron oxide Nanoparticles, its antioxidant and anti-Inflammatory effects with reduction of ankle joint swelling in BALB/c mice","authors":"Mubin Mustafa Kiyani , Sarah Sadiq , Maria Sarfraz , Chanda Javed , Maisra Azhar Butt , Hassan Burair Abbas , Hamza Rehman , Syed Ali Imran Bokhari","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Background: Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis caused by excessive deposition of uric acid in the body and joints. Prolonged administration of uric acid lowering drugs have multiple side effects. Objectives: To investigate the antioxidant and anti-gout properties of iron oxide nanoparticles in hyperuricemic gouty mice. Methodology: Sol-Gel precipitation technique was used for chemogenesis of Iron oxide nanoparticles by using Ferrous Chloride (FeCl2) and Ferric chloride (FeCl3). Characterization was carried out by X-ray diffraction, SQUID magnetization, scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX). Monosodium Urate crystals (MSUC) induced gout into the ankle joint of the mice. Iron oxide nanoparticles were orally administrated to the mice. To study the impact of Iron oxide nanoparticles biochemical analysis like total protein, antioxidant activity, and ankle diameter were conducted. Results: Results showed that oral administration of iron oxide nanoparticles had a beneficiary impact on gouty mice. The antioxidant activity were significantly improved by increasing levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and reactive oxygen species in treated group with 250 mg/kg of body weight of iron oxide nanoparticles. Ankle diameter and levels of total protein were also reduced in treated groups. Conclusion: Current research indicates that Iron oxide nanoparticles have antioxidant as well as anti-gout effects in gouty mice. These results provide credence to the possibility of using Iron oxide nanoparticles as a gout alternative treatment. The potential therapeutic uses of iron oxide nanoparticles in human patients require more investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103556"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103560
Khaled Al-Kahtany, Abdelbaset S. El-Sorogy, Talal Alharbi
The rapid economic expansion of the worldwide coastal settlements has resulted in the discharge of substantial amounts of heavy metals (HMs), posing a considerable risk to marine organisms. The present work aims to evaluate the HM contamination of seawater and determine their potential sources in Al Qunfudhah seawater, Red Sea coast utilizing contamination factor (CF), degree of contamination (Cd), modified contamination factor (mCd), heavy metal pollution index (HPI), and multivariate analysis. A total of twenty-nine samples of surface seawater were gathered and the analysis of HMs was conducted using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The average concentration of dissolved HMs follows the following order: As (5.83 μg/L) ˃ Ni (0.990 μg/L) ˃ Co (0.168 μg/L) ˃ Cd (0.090 μg/L). The average concentrations of As, Co, Ni, and Cd were below the maximum admissible concentration (MAC) set by the World Health Organization (WHO), as well as the criterion continuous concentration (CCC) and criterion maximum concentration (CMC) set by the environmental protection agency. This suggests that the levels of these substances are within the acceptable limits for protecting aquatic life, both in the short-term and long-term exposures. The results of the analysis for CF, Cd, mCd, and HPI suggested clean and uncontaminated seawater in most sites. Few individual samples obtained elevated values, which might be attributed to natural source, mostly from chemical weathering of rock forming minerals from the Arabian Shield, as well as agricultural and coastal activities.
{"title":"Ecological risk assessment and potential source of As, Cd, Co, and Ni in Al Qunfudhah seawater, Red Sea coast, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Khaled Al-Kahtany, Abdelbaset S. El-Sorogy, Talal Alharbi","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid economic expansion of the worldwide coastal settlements has resulted in the discharge of substantial amounts of heavy metals (HMs), posing a considerable risk to marine organisms. The present work aims to evaluate the HM contamination of seawater and determine their potential sources in Al Qunfudhah seawater, Red Sea coast utilizing contamination factor (CF), degree of contamination (<em>C</em><sub>d</sub>), modified contamination factor (m<em>C</em><sub>d</sub>), heavy metal pollution index (HPI), and multivariate analysis. A total of twenty-nine samples of surface seawater were gathered and the analysis of HMs was conducted using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The average concentration of dissolved HMs follows the following order: As (5.83 μg/L) ˃ Ni (0.990 μg/L) ˃ Co (0.168 μg/L) ˃ Cd (0.090 μg/L). The average concentrations of As, Co, Ni, and Cd were below the maximum admissible concentration (MAC) set by the World Health Organization (WHO), as well as the criterion continuous concentration (CCC) and criterion maximum concentration (CMC) set by the environmental protection agency. This suggests that the levels of these substances are within the acceptable limits for protecting aquatic life, both in the short-term and long-term exposures. The results of the analysis for CF, <em>C</em><sub>d</sub>, m<em>C</em><sub>d</sub>, and HPI suggested clean and uncontaminated seawater in most sites. Few individual samples obtained elevated values, which might be attributed to natural source, mostly from chemical weathering of rock forming minerals from the Arabian Shield, as well as agricultural and coastal activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103560"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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