Pub Date : 2025-01-20eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaf001
Mu-Ming Poo
{"title":"US-China cooperation and competition in science and technology.","authors":"Mu-Ming Poo","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwaf001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaf001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 1","pages":"nwaf001"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-17eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae407
Rushuang Yan, Meijie Qi, Pengfei Zhang, Bin Shen, Jiqing Yin, Chuan Chen, Silin Tian, Lin Chen, Xingxu Huang, Hong Wang, Shaorong Gao, You Wu, Yawei Gao
The overactivation of transposable elements (TEs) is a significant threat to male reproduction, particularly during the delicate process of spermatogenesis. Here, we report that zinc finger protein ZCCHC8-a key component of the nuclear exosome targeting (NEXT) complex that is involved in ribonucleic acid (RNA) surveillance-is required for TE silencing during spermatogenesis. Loss of ZCCHC8 results in delayed meiotic progression and reduced production of round spermatids (RS). We observed that young long-interspersed nuclear element (LINE1, L1) subfamilies that are targeted by ZCCHC8 were upregulated in both spermatogonial stem cells (SSC) and pachytene spermatocytes (PS) of Zcchc8 null testes. Further study found that a reduced H3K9me3 modification in SSC and elevated H3 lysine 4 trimethylation in the PS of Zcchc8 KO mice occurred upon young L1, especially L1Md_A, which may have contributed to impairment of the chromatin condensation from PS to RS during spermatogenesis. This study highlights the crucial role of RNA surveillance-mediated chromatin repression by the NEXT complex during spermatogenesis.
{"title":"Core factor of NEXT complex, ZCCHC8, governs the silencing of LINE1 during spermatogenesis.","authors":"Rushuang Yan, Meijie Qi, Pengfei Zhang, Bin Shen, Jiqing Yin, Chuan Chen, Silin Tian, Lin Chen, Xingxu Huang, Hong Wang, Shaorong Gao, You Wu, Yawei Gao","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The overactivation of transposable elements (TEs) is a significant threat to male reproduction, particularly during the delicate process of spermatogenesis. Here, we report that zinc finger protein ZCCHC8-a key component of the nuclear exosome targeting (NEXT) complex that is involved in ribonucleic acid (RNA) surveillance-is required for TE silencing during spermatogenesis. Loss of ZCCHC8 results in delayed meiotic progression and reduced production of round spermatids (RS). We observed that young long-interspersed nuclear element (LINE1, L1) subfamilies that are targeted by ZCCHC8 were upregulated in both spermatogonial stem cells (SSC) and pachytene spermatocytes (PS) of <i>Zcchc8</i> null testes. Further study found that a reduced H3K9me3 modification in SSC and elevated H3 lysine 4 trimethylation in the PS of <i>Zcchc8</i> KO mice occurred upon young L1, especially L1Md_A, which may have contributed to impairment of the chromatin condensation from PS to RS during spermatogenesis. This study highlights the crucial role of RNA surveillance-mediated chromatin repression by the NEXT complex during spermatogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 1","pages":"nwae407"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-14eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae437
Panlong Li, Stefan Kaskel
{"title":"Non-linear ion transport in nanopores for the design of ultracapacitive ionic memristors.","authors":"Panlong Li, Stefan Kaskel","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae437","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 1","pages":"nwae437"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11702829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-12eCollection Date: 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae457
Yi-Xiang Chen, Kun Zhou, Qiang He, Yong-Fei Zheng, Hans-Peter Schertl, Kun Chen
{"title":"Reply to comment by Compagnoni <i>et al.</i> on \"First finding of continental deep subduction in the Sesia Zone of Western Alps and implications for subduction dynamics\".","authors":"Yi-Xiang Chen, Kun Zhou, Qiang He, Yong-Fei Zheng, Hans-Peter Schertl, Kun Chen","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae457","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae457","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 12","pages":"nwae457"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11694658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142921890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-12eCollection Date: 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae454
Roberto Compagnoni, Mattia Gilio, Stefano Ghignone, Emanuele Scaramuzzo, Alessia Borghini, Marco Bruno
{"title":"Comment on \"First finding of continental deep subduction in the Sesia Zone of Western Alps and implications for subduction dynamics\".","authors":"Roberto Compagnoni, Mattia Gilio, Stefano Ghignone, Emanuele Scaramuzzo, Alessia Borghini, Marco Bruno","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae454","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae454","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 12","pages":"nwae454"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-09eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae450
Shunji Xie, Ye Wang
{"title":"Non-phosgene route: catalytic carbonylation of amines to form unsymmetrical ureas.","authors":"Shunji Xie, Ye Wang","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae450","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 1","pages":"nwae450"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11708213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polyurethanes are an important class of synthetic polymers, widely used in a variety of applications ranging from everyday items to advanced tools in societal infrastructure. Their inherent cross-linked structure imparts exceptional durability and flexibility, yet this also complicates their degradation and recycling. Here we report a heterogeneous catalytic process that combines methanolysis and hydrogenation with a CO2/H2 reaction medium, effectively breaking down PU waste consisting of urethane and ester bonds into valuable intermediates like aromatic diamines and lactones. These intermediates are then converted into functional polymers: polyimide (PI), noted for its exceptional thermal and electrical insulation, and polylactone (P(BL-co-CL)), a biodegradable alternative to traditional plastics. Both polymers exhibit enhanced performance compared to existing commercial products. This approach not only contributes to the valorization of plastic waste but also opens new avenues for the creation of high-performance materials.
{"title":"Chemical transformation of polyurethane into valuable polymers.","authors":"Bo Sun, Jiawei Zou, Weijie Qiu, Shuheng Tian, Maolin Wang, Haoyi Tang, Baotieliang Wang, Shifang Luan, Xiaoyan Tang, Meng Wang, Ding Ma","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae393","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polyurethanes are an important class of synthetic polymers, widely used in a variety of applications ranging from everyday items to advanced tools in societal infrastructure. Their inherent cross-linked structure imparts exceptional durability and flexibility, yet this also complicates their degradation and recycling. Here we report a heterogeneous catalytic process that combines methanolysis and hydrogenation with a CO<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub> reaction medium, effectively breaking down PU waste consisting of urethane and ester bonds into valuable intermediates like aromatic diamines and lactones. These intermediates are then converted into functional polymers: polyimide (PI), noted for its exceptional thermal and electrical insulation, and polylactone (P(BL-<i>co</i>-CL)), a biodegradable alternative to traditional plastics. Both polymers exhibit enhanced performance compared to existing commercial products. This approach not only contributes to the valorization of plastic waste but also opens new avenues for the creation of high-performance materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 1","pages":"nwae393"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}