Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167657
S. Begum, K. Radha
The feasibility of a three phase inverse fluidized bed biofilm reactor with low density support particles (812 kg/m3) was investigated for the degradation of synthetic phenolic effluent (600 mg/l at 30°C) using indigenous pure culture of Pseudomonas fluorescence. The maximum COD removal of 97.9% occurred with complete degradation of phenol in 110 hours of operation and the biofilm and biomass characteristics of Pseudomonas fluorescence with respect to its suspended and attached biomass concentration, biofilm thickness and bioparticle density were also studied. The culture followed substrate inhibition kinetics. Biodegradation data was correlated with kinetic models including Monod, Yano& Koga, Teissier, Aiba et al, Webb and Haldane model. Experimentally obtained data best fitted with the Haldane model and the kinetic parameters were derived by non linear regression with a correlation factor (R2) of 0.9938. The values of Haldane constants rsmax, Ks and Ki were 0.541 h-1, 0.9211 mg/l and 3.57 mg/l respectively. The bio-kinetic constants estimated using these models showed good potential of using Pseudomonas fluorescence culture in phenol degradation in inverse fluidized bed biofilm reactor.
{"title":"Investigating the performance of inverse fluidized bed biofilm reactor for phenol biodegradation using Pseudomonas fluorescence","authors":"S. Begum, K. Radha","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167657","url":null,"abstract":"The feasibility of a three phase inverse fluidized bed biofilm reactor with low density support particles (812 kg/m3) was investigated for the degradation of synthetic phenolic effluent (600 mg/l at 30°C) using indigenous pure culture of Pseudomonas fluorescence. The maximum COD removal of 97.9% occurred with complete degradation of phenol in 110 hours of operation and the biofilm and biomass characteristics of Pseudomonas fluorescence with respect to its suspended and attached biomass concentration, biofilm thickness and bioparticle density were also studied. The culture followed substrate inhibition kinetics. Biodegradation data was correlated with kinetic models including Monod, Yano& Koga, Teissier, Aiba et al, Webb and Haldane model. Experimentally obtained data best fitted with the Haldane model and the kinetic parameters were derived by non linear regression with a correlation factor (R2) of 0.9938. The values of Haldane constants rsmax, Ks and Ki were 0.541 h-1, 0.9211 mg/l and 3.57 mg/l respectively. The bio-kinetic constants estimated using these models showed good potential of using Pseudomonas fluorescence culture in phenol degradation in inverse fluidized bed biofilm reactor.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":"105 13 1","pages":"130-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86537712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167648
D. Bora
A series of test are conducted to evaluate and compare the three different methyl ester of biofuels namely koroch, bhotora and mahua. The parameters like BTE, BSFC, CO, HC and smoke opacity are measured and analyzed. It is observed that B20K, B20B, B20M have comparable engine performance with less emission without any problem with existing diesel engines.
{"title":"Performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine fueled by biodiesels","authors":"D. Bora","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167648","url":null,"abstract":"A series of test are conducted to evaluate and compare the three different methyl ester of biofuels namely koroch, bhotora and mahua. The parameters like BTE, BSFC, CO, HC and smoke opacity are measured and analyzed. It is observed that B20K, B20B, B20M have comparable engine performance with less emission without any problem with existing diesel engines.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":"30 1","pages":"105-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81869202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167636
Ch. Raghumani Singh, Mithra Dey
Increase in population results in the generation of more quantity of waste in most urban areas. Improper management of the municipal solid waste (MSW) not only causes environmental pollution but also creates hazards to the inhabitants and again affects the quality of life. Municipal bodies are the responsible authority for the management activities of the urban solid waste. The study was carried out within the Thoubal Municipality areas of Thoubal District situated between 24°36′44.184″ N to 24°41′13.031″ N latitude and 93°57′29.088″E to 94°1′30.551″E longitude. The objective of the study was to determine the characterization of the waste and the current system of management activities. The characterization showed that organic composition of the waste has highest percentage of 60.08 % which is followed by the miscellaneous component with a percentage of 15.69 %. Plastic and paper was the next highest composition with 11.1 % and 6.06 % respectively and the least was leather (0.01 %). This paper highlights an overview of the current municipal solid waste management (MSWM) system of Thoubal Municipality. The study concludes with a few suggestions, which may be beneficial to the authorities to work towards further improvement of the current management systems.
{"title":"Solid waste management of Thoubal Municipality, Manipur- a case study","authors":"Ch. Raghumani Singh, Mithra Dey","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167636","url":null,"abstract":"Increase in population results in the generation of more quantity of waste in most urban areas. Improper management of the municipal solid waste (MSW) not only causes environmental pollution but also creates hazards to the inhabitants and again affects the quality of life. Municipal bodies are the responsible authority for the management activities of the urban solid waste. The study was carried out within the Thoubal Municipality areas of Thoubal District situated between 24°36′44.184″ N to 24°41′13.031″ N latitude and 93°57′29.088″E to 94°1′30.551″E longitude. The objective of the study was to determine the characterization of the waste and the current system of management activities. The characterization showed that organic composition of the waste has highest percentage of 60.08 % which is followed by the miscellaneous component with a percentage of 15.69 %. Plastic and paper was the next highest composition with 11.1 % and 6.06 % respectively and the least was leather (0.01 %). This paper highlights an overview of the current municipal solid waste management (MSWM) system of Thoubal Municipality. The study concludes with a few suggestions, which may be beneficial to the authorities to work towards further improvement of the current management systems.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":"38 1","pages":"21-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76466425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167700
S. Ananthan, V. Narayanan
Titanium oxide supported Ru and Pt nano catalysts were prepared by impregnation method, dried in a furnace, calcined at 400°C for 5 hours and reduced at two different temperatures, 375°C (LTR) and 575°C (HTR) for 4 hours. The catalysts were characterized by BET surface area, TPR, HRTEM, XRD and XPS techniques. The activity and selectivity of the catalysts were evaluated in liquid phase selective hydrogenation of citral in a semi-batch Parr reactor at 90°C and a hydrogen pressure of 10 MPa and solvent medium of a isopropanol during 6 hours. Amongst the studied catalysts, 1.5%Pt/TiO2 reduced at 575°C had presented higher selectivity in terms of citral towards unsaturated alcohols (Geraniol and Nerol). This is the influence of strong metal support interaction (SMSI effect) of the catalysts towards the selective activation of C=O hydrogenation. These environment friendly nano catalysts can be recycled for more than 12 cycles and the activity is retained upto 85%.
{"title":"TiO2 supported Ru and Pt nano catalysts for selective hydrogenation of citral","authors":"S. Ananthan, V. Narayanan","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167700","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium oxide supported Ru and Pt nano catalysts were prepared by impregnation method, dried in a furnace, calcined at 400°C for 5 hours and reduced at two different temperatures, 375°C (LTR) and 575°C (HTR) for 4 hours. The catalysts were characterized by BET surface area, TPR, HRTEM, XRD and XPS techniques. The activity and selectivity of the catalysts were evaluated in liquid phase selective hydrogenation of citral in a semi-batch Parr reactor at 90°C and a hydrogen pressure of 10 MPa and solvent medium of a isopropanol during 6 hours. Amongst the studied catalysts, 1.5%Pt/TiO2 reduced at 575°C had presented higher selectivity in terms of citral towards unsaturated alcohols (Geraniol and Nerol). This is the influence of strong metal support interaction (SMSI effect) of the catalysts towards the selective activation of C=O hydrogenation. These environment friendly nano catalysts can be recycled for more than 12 cycles and the activity is retained upto 85%.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":"17 1","pages":"5-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76559945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167670
S. Lokina, V. Stephen
Nanoparticles exhibit completely new or improved properties based on specific characteristics such as size, distribution and morphology, if compared with larger particles of the bulk material they are made of. Production of nanoparticles can be achieved through different methods. In this paper stable silver nanoparticles have been synthesized by using Cynodon dactylon (Arugampul) plant extract as both the reducing and stabilizing agents. The morphology and size distribution of prepared silver nanoparticles varied with the concentration of the Cynodon dactylon extract used. The UV-Vis spectrum of silver nanoparticle in aqueous solution shows an absorbance peak around 420 nm due to Surface plasmon resonance. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the face-centered cubic (fcc) geometry of silver nanoparticles. The formation and stabilization of the nanoparticle is confirmed by HRTEM analysis. EDAX analysis was used to identify the presence of silver. Thermo gravimetric Analysis (TGA) measures the weight loss of silver nanoparticles as a function of temperature under a controlled atmosphere. The Silver nanoparticles displayed efficient antimicrobial activity towards most of the tested fungal and bacterial cultures. The cytotoxicity of the prepared silver nanoparticles was investigated using a cancer cell line.
{"title":"Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Cynodon dactylon plant extract and evaluation of their antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity","authors":"S. Lokina, V. Stephen","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167670","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoparticles exhibit completely new or improved properties based on specific characteristics such as size, distribution and morphology, if compared with larger particles of the bulk material they are made of. Production of nanoparticles can be achieved through different methods. In this paper stable silver nanoparticles have been synthesized by using Cynodon dactylon (Arugampul) plant extract as both the reducing and stabilizing agents. The morphology and size distribution of prepared silver nanoparticles varied with the concentration of the Cynodon dactylon extract used. The UV-Vis spectrum of silver nanoparticle in aqueous solution shows an absorbance peak around 420 nm due to Surface plasmon resonance. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the face-centered cubic (fcc) geometry of silver nanoparticles. The formation and stabilization of the nanoparticle is confirmed by HRTEM analysis. EDAX analysis was used to identify the presence of silver. Thermo gravimetric Analysis (TGA) measures the weight loss of silver nanoparticles as a function of temperature under a controlled atmosphere. The Silver nanoparticles displayed efficient antimicrobial activity towards most of the tested fungal and bacterial cultures. The cytotoxicity of the prepared silver nanoparticles was investigated using a cancer cell line.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":"101 1","pages":"205-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90655493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167667
G. Geetha, S. R. Samuel
The concentrations of Sulphur di oxide and ground level ozone were estimated in ambient air in Chennai, India during the year 2010 at five stations. Air quality monitors measure concentrations of SO2.A portable Aeroqual series 200 was used to measure O3. There are several methods to communicate the use of different environmental quality parameters. Contour diagrams can simply give the expected value of the pollutants in different locations. SO2 contour diagrams can predict the concentration of SO2 at various locations. From O3 contour diagrams we can predict the O3 polluted regions. The reason behind the pollutant levels are analysed. This study identifies the potential sources of air pollution.
{"title":"Measurement and analysis of ambient SO2 and ground level ozone in an urban air of Chennai, India in the year 2010","authors":"G. Geetha, S. R. Samuel","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167667","url":null,"abstract":"The concentrations of Sulphur di oxide and ground level ozone were estimated in ambient air in Chennai, India during the year 2010 at five stations. Air quality monitors measure concentrations of SO2.A portable Aeroqual series 200 was used to measure O3. There are several methods to communicate the use of different environmental quality parameters. Contour diagrams can simply give the expected value of the pollutants in different locations. SO2 contour diagrams can predict the concentration of SO2 at various locations. From O3 contour diagrams we can predict the O3 polluted regions. The reason behind the pollutant levels are analysed. This study identifies the potential sources of air pollution.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":"1 1","pages":"185-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87208787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167637
A. Perera, D. Kuruppumullage, Nacr Nissanka, A. D. de Alwis
Energy recovery through thermal conversion of municipal solid waste is been considered as a potential waste management technique and solution to the ever increasing energy demands. In order to evaluate the feasibility of this phenomena energy flow, material and cash modeling is done for three cases i.e. direct thermal conversion of waste, thermal conversion through Residue Derived Fuel (RDF) and landfilling. Further, Pareto multi objective optimization was performed considering Net Present Value (NPV) and landfilling capacity using evolutionary multi objective optimization. Results clearly depict, that non-linear fluctuations of objective functions are having a significant impact on Pareto front which has not being highlighted in previous studies.
{"title":"Evolutionary multi objective optimization to optimize waste to energy network","authors":"A. Perera, D. Kuruppumullage, Nacr Nissanka, A. D. de Alwis","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167637","url":null,"abstract":"Energy recovery through thermal conversion of municipal solid waste is been considered as a potential waste management technique and solution to the ever increasing energy demands. In order to evaluate the feasibility of this phenomena energy flow, material and cash modeling is done for three cases i.e. direct thermal conversion of waste, thermal conversion through Residue Derived Fuel (RDF) and landfilling. Further, Pareto multi objective optimization was performed considering Net Present Value (NPV) and landfilling capacity using evolutionary multi objective optimization. Results clearly depict, that non-linear fluctuations of objective functions are having a significant impact on Pareto front which has not being highlighted in previous studies.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":"51 1","pages":"31-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91357054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167640
S. Jeyanthi, M. Purushothaman, J. Janci Rani
Use of natural fiber thermoplastic components in the automotive industry can provide the advantages of weight reduction, cost reduction and recyclability, in addition to eco-efficiency and renewability compared to synthetic conventional materials. Natural fibers have recently become attractive to automotive industry as an alternative reinforcement for glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics. The best way to increase the fuel efficiency with out sacrificing safety is to employ fiber reinforced composite materials in the body of the cars so that weight reduction can be achieved. Designing the structures with the focus on improvement aspects is very important in the automotive industry. The goals are to increase the performance of the beams and also to find the solution to reduce the cost of beams hence able to reduce the production cost. The latest thermo plastic developments have resulted in higher material properties and more possibilities in the design of bumper beams. However the use of steel, Aluminum, Glass mat thermoplastics (GMT), sheet metal components (SMC) Bumpers becomes at higher cost than long fiber reinforced thermoplastics. This research is focused on development partially eco- friendly hybrid long fiber reinforced thermo plastics with natural kenaf fiber to enhance the desired mechanical properties for car bumper beams as automotive structural components.
{"title":"Development of ecofriendly thermoplastics for automotive components","authors":"S. Jeyanthi, M. Purushothaman, J. Janci Rani","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167640","url":null,"abstract":"Use of natural fiber thermoplastic components in the automotive industry can provide the advantages of weight reduction, cost reduction and recyclability, in addition to eco-efficiency and renewability compared to synthetic conventional materials. Natural fibers have recently become attractive to automotive industry as an alternative reinforcement for glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics. The best way to increase the fuel efficiency with out sacrificing safety is to employ fiber reinforced composite materials in the body of the cars so that weight reduction can be achieved. Designing the structures with the focus on improvement aspects is very important in the automotive industry. The goals are to increase the performance of the beams and also to find the solution to reduce the cost of beams hence able to reduce the production cost. The latest thermo plastic developments have resulted in higher material properties and more possibilities in the design of bumper beams. However the use of steel, Aluminum, Glass mat thermoplastics (GMT), sheet metal components (SMC) Bumpers becomes at higher cost than long fiber reinforced thermoplastics. This research is focused on development partially eco- friendly hybrid long fiber reinforced thermo plastics with natural kenaf fiber to enhance the desired mechanical properties for car bumper beams as automotive structural components.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":"39 1","pages":"47-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90191337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167649
Anima Nanda, A. Zarina
Actinomycetes were widely distributed in soil are the source of antibiotics. Antibiotic resistant pathogens pose an enormous threat to the treatment of wide range of serious infections. To overcome this emergence, a periodic replacement of the new and existing antibiotic is necessary, simultaneously doses also increasing day by day for the patients, which is carcinogen to the body. The pure form and amount of antibiotics gets saturated because of genetic modified species. The environment plays an important role in the activities of living beings including microorganisms. Our present study compares the bioactive compounds extracted from Actinomycetes from various polluted and non polluted area. Attempts were made to optimize the culture conditions for the production of antimicrobial metabolite by this strain. Antimicrobial metabolite production was started after twenty days of incubation. The extract of metabolite was obtained by solvent extraction method using ethylacetate and chloroform as solvent. The ethyl acetate and chloroform extract from the non polluted area exhibited reasonable antibacterial activities against a series of gram positive and gram negative bacteria where as for the polluted area the activity was comparatively less. In the disc diffusion method the crude ethylacetate and chloroform extract from the non polluted area showed a minimum of 9 mm inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and maximum of 13 mm of inhibition against Proteus vulgaris. The crude pigment was partially purified using Thin Layer Chromatography with the solvent system Chloroform: Methanol (30∶70) and the organism collected from non polluted area has pure compounds than the polluted area. Actinomycetes form the non polluted area may offer the potential to understand and develop treatment for disease based on the normal physiological role of their secondary metabolites.
{"title":"Studies on antagonistic effect of streptomyces species collected from polluted and non polluted environment","authors":"Anima Nanda, A. Zarina","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167649","url":null,"abstract":"Actinomycetes were widely distributed in soil are the source of antibiotics. Antibiotic resistant pathogens pose an enormous threat to the treatment of wide range of serious infections. To overcome this emergence, a periodic replacement of the new and existing antibiotic is necessary, simultaneously doses also increasing day by day for the patients, which is carcinogen to the body. The pure form and amount of antibiotics gets saturated because of genetic modified species. The environment plays an important role in the activities of living beings including microorganisms. Our present study compares the bioactive compounds extracted from Actinomycetes from various polluted and non polluted area. Attempts were made to optimize the culture conditions for the production of antimicrobial metabolite by this strain. Antimicrobial metabolite production was started after twenty days of incubation. The extract of metabolite was obtained by solvent extraction method using ethylacetate and chloroform as solvent. The ethyl acetate and chloroform extract from the non polluted area exhibited reasonable antibacterial activities against a series of gram positive and gram negative bacteria where as for the polluted area the activity was comparatively less. In the disc diffusion method the crude ethylacetate and chloroform extract from the non polluted area showed a minimum of 9 mm inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and maximum of 13 mm of inhibition against Proteus vulgaris. The crude pigment was partially purified using Thin Layer Chromatography with the solvent system Chloroform: Methanol (30∶70) and the organism collected from non polluted area has pure compounds than the polluted area. Actinomycetes form the non polluted area may offer the potential to understand and develop treatment for disease based on the normal physiological role of their secondary metabolites.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":"14 1","pages":"254-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81887059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167686
P. Dharmasena, M. S. Bhat
A Yield damage function helps to illustrate by relating yield damage and some independent parameters of soil such as top soil depth and organic matter content. This study was focussed on three tea growing district, Passara and Watawala sub district of Sri Lanka and the Nilgiris of India where considered 208 tea fields from Passara tea growing region, 52 tea fields from Watawala/Ginigathena tea growing region and 96 tea fields from the Nilgiris tea district covering 66 and 30 tea fields from TANTEA Plantations corporation and four private tea plantations respectively. The results of the study show that the Passara region is responsible for higher yield damage due to top soil reduction and the region shows very shallow soil depth and poor ecological condition. If the Nilgiris is in a condition to manage the issue, Passara tea region of Sri Lanka is required immediate actions to control the problem for sustainability of tea industry of the region.
{"title":"Yield damage functions for tea sector in Sri Lanka and India: An empirical estimation","authors":"P. Dharmasena, M. S. Bhat","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167686","url":null,"abstract":"A Yield damage function helps to illustrate by relating yield damage and some independent parameters of soil such as top soil depth and organic matter content. This study was focussed on three tea growing district, Passara and Watawala sub district of Sri Lanka and the Nilgiris of India where considered 208 tea fields from Passara tea growing region, 52 tea fields from Watawala/Ginigathena tea growing region and 96 tea fields from the Nilgiris tea district covering 66 and 30 tea fields from TANTEA Plantations corporation and four private tea plantations respectively. The results of the study show that the Passara region is responsible for higher yield damage due to top soil reduction and the region shows very shallow soil depth and poor ecological condition. If the Nilgiris is in a condition to manage the issue, Passara tea region of Sri Lanka is required immediate actions to control the problem for sustainability of tea industry of the region.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":"24 1","pages":"316-320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81686281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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