Facial Plastic Surgery最新文献

Men have distinct facial anatomy and facial patterns. Autologous fat grafting techniques can be tailored to maintain masculine features.Interest in male facial rejuvenation has grown in recent decades. Autologous fat grafting is favored for its natural, durable results and regenerative benefits.Men have angular facial structures with prominent brows, wider jaws, and thinner fat layers. Aging leads to forehead rhytids, midface hollowing, nasal lengthening, jawline blunting, and a more rectangular profile due to bone loss and skin laxity.Thorough preoperative evaluation and facial analysis are important for successful planning and outcomes.There are various commercially available tools for fat harvesting and processing. The Tulip cannula and PureGraft systems are described in this article. Microfat (1,000-1,500 microns) is preferred in facial grafting for its balance of volume restoration and low nodularity risk. The brow, infraorbital region, midface, jawline, and chin can be targeted to restore a youthful, masculine contour.Research on male-specific outcomes, including hormonal and weight effects on graft longevity and patient-reported outcomes, is limited and is an area ripe for future investigation.As interest in male aesthetics increases, tailoring facial rejuvenation techniques to their anatomy and aging is essential for successful outcomes.

This article presents a comprehensive, anatomically precise approach to deep plane facelift surgery in male patients, a demographic with increasing interest in facial rejuvenation but historically underserved by techniques optimized for female anatomy. While foundational facelift principles are shared between genders, the male patient presents unique structural, vascular, and aesthetic demands that necessitate specific modifications to technique, planning, and execution.Key anatomical distinctions in the male face, including denser subcutaneous tissue, increased vascularity, prominent subplatysmal structures, and horizontally oriented submuscular aponeurotic system (SMAS)-platysma continuity, require surgical planning that respects and preserves masculine facial definition. The submental region is often complicated by hypertrophic digastric musculature and submandibular gland visibility, necessitating targeted management to optimize the cervicomental angle.This article outlines a male-specific technique emphasizing extended deep plane dissection, ligamentous release, SMAS repositioning with minimal subcutaneous dissection, and submental access. Deep plane neck procedures, including conservative subplatysmal fat reduction, digastric contouring, partial submandibular gland reduction, and corset platysmaplasty, supplement the facial portion of the procedure.When performed with anatomical precision and gender-specific adaptation, preservation-based techniques with extended deep plane facelift surgery yield consistent, natural, and structurally restorative outcomes in male patients.

Minimally invasive cosmetic procedures consistently lead the aesthetic landscape year after year. Men are increasingly requesting aesthetic interventions with a focus on maintaining a youthful, powerful, and natural look. There are significant anatomical, physiological, and behavioral differences in the aging male face that warrant specific treatment considerations.Literature review of male gender-specific facial anatomy, aging patterns, treatment motivations/preferences. Description of the author's preferred injection techniques.Male and female faces are shaped by different aesthetic standards, impacting what is deemed attractive. Men are keenly aware of the sexual dimorphism in facial characteristics and often seek to preserve or enhance traits associated with traditional masculinity. Minimally invasive procedures can be customized to enhance or retain masculine features.Gaining a deeper understanding of factors affecting male rejuvenation patterns and learning specific injectable techniques will empower aesthetic providers to tailor cosmetic treatments for men, achieving success and encouraging continued growth of this burgeoning demographic.

Pediatric nasal surgery has been controversial due to concerns about facial growth during adolescence. There is limited data on patient outcomes and no clear guidelines on the optimal age for surgery.To evaluate the safety, complication, and revision rates of nasal surgery in children.Systematic review and meta-analysis of septoplasty, rhinoplasty, and septorhinoplasty studies from 1994 to 2024, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines.Studies on primary nasal septal surgery in children (ages: 0-18) were included. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and chi-squared testing.Twenty-three studies with 27,840 patients were included. Septoplasty had the highest age at surgery and low complication and revision rates. Septorhinoplasty had the youngest age at surgery, and high complication and revision rates. Rhinoplasty had high complications but low revision rates.Pediatric septoplasty has low complication and revision rates. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal age for each procedure.

Blepharoplasty is among the fastest-growing aesthetic procedures in male patients, reflecting shifting cultural norms and increasing demand for facial rejuvenation that preserves masculine features. This review outlines the anatomical and aging patterns specific to the male periorbital region and discusses contemporary surgical techniques tailored to this population.The gender-specific anatomical differences in the periorbital region influence both surgical planning and outcomes are highlighted.Aging in men involves distinct patterns that must be addressed to preserve masculine facial identity.Surgical strategies emphasize conservative tissue excision, preservation of eyelid fullness, and avoidance of feminizing features.Men are predisposed to complications like lower lid malposition, visible scarring, and wound dehiscence due to anatomical factors and skin characteristics. Overcorrection may lead to feminization, necessitating a conservative surgical philosophy and meticulous technique.A deep understanding of sex-specific anatomy and aging, coupled with meticulous surgical technique, is essential for achieving natural, harmonious outcomes that align with the male aesthetic ideal.

This article reviews surgical techniques and considerations in the male browlift. Proper understanding of the subtle, gender specific details of browlifting procedures allows for optimal correction in men.Throughout the evolution of various browlifting techniques, certain ones have stood out for their ability to correct brow ptosis in various patients. Browlift techniques, including temporal, endoscopic, pretrichial, direct, and midforehead, are reviewed. Discussion of these techniques begins with a review of our brow rating scale, common considerations, and bilaminar browlift concepts. Additionally, adjunct procedures are discussed for optimization of browlift results.Mastery of male browlifting begins with an objective assessment of the brow, allowing proper technique selection for natural and masculine results.

In recent years, the advancements of minimally invasive, energy-based facial treatments have been followed by an increase in male patient's demand. This article presents a review of current energy-based devices for male facial rejuvenation, aiming to inform clinicians on evidence-based treatment options.A search of the scientific literature in the PubMed database from inception to June 2025 was conducted. Articles were included if they discussed energy-based options for male facial rejuvenation. Out of 70 articles screened, 23 met the inclusion criteria. In included articles, 18 energy-based options used for male facial rejuvenation were reported.This review provides an overview of the wide array of energy-based devices available for male facial rejuvenation. The literature suggests that these technologies can be effectively and safely used to tighten skin, improve contouring while reducing adiposity, enhance skin quality and tone, and manage cosmetic vascular lesions.

While facelift literature has largely focused on female patients, recent research highlights unique anatomical and psychosocial considerations in male facial rejuvenation. The short scar neck lift is explored to present the indications, technique, and outcomes as an alternative to the deep plane facelift in selected male patients.The short scar neck lift employs limited periauricular incisions to address submental fullness, platysmal banding, and mild-to-moderate cervical skin laxity. Ideal candidates demonstrate localized cervical and mandibular aging without significant midface descent. The procedure may be combined with submental liposuction, platysmaplasty, and energy-based devices to enhance skin contraction.In appropriately selected patients, the short scar neck lift achieves meaningful improvement in cervicomental angle definition with reduced operative time, morbidity, and recovery compared with deep plane facelifts. The short scar neck lift is a versatile, lower-morbidity alternative for male patients with localized cervical aging. Its targeted approach, adaptability, and favorable recovery profile make it a valuable addition to the male facial rejuvenation surgical algorithm.

A patient's ethnicity and culture need to be considered prior to male facial rejuvenation. Here, we describe the most important factors across ethnicities that affect the analysis, treatment, and postoperative considerations of commonly performed procedures.There are some traits commonly associated with certain ethnicities that differ from each other. These span skeletal structure, skin characteristics, predisposition to poor scarring, periorbital and nasal anatomy, and hair qualities.As they pertain to the described differences in traits, certain variations exist within procedures to accommodate non-Caucasian patients. This is to make results more natural, fitting to a patient's ethnicity and goals, and to account for differences in postoperative healing.An integral part of every patient encounter is to listen to the patient's perspective and goals prior to developing a treatment plan. Their facial analysis should subsequently be performed in the context of their ethnicity. The management of non-Caucasian facial rejuvenation patients should not be taught as a variation of the norm but rather as unique considerations to modify known surgical techniques for each individual ethnicity and culture. Training needs to emphasize and popularize these differences.

Direct submentoplasty remains a valuable alternative to rhytidectomy in male patients, addressing cervical laxity and fullness while avoiding feminization, periauricular scars, and prolonged recovery associated with traditional rhytidectomy.Since the early 20th century, submental skin excision has undergone refinement, progressing from horizontal ellipses to advanced configurations such as the Grecian urn pattern. These modifications aim to optimize scar camouflage while correcting horizontal and vertical redundancy.Key anatomic contributors to cervical aging include skin and platysmal laxity, supra- and subplatysmal fat, anterior belly of the digastric hypertrophy, ptotic submandibular glands, and a low-lying hyoid. Comprehensive preoperative analysis is required to address these factors.For patients presenting with submental fullness accompanied by good skin elasticity and minimal skin laxity, an isolated deep structural neck lift without skin excision may be sufficient. Optimal candidates for direct cervicoplasty (skin excision) demonstrate submental laxity limited to above the thyroid cartilage, minimal jowling, and acceptance of an anterior cervical scar.The isolated deep structural neck lift addresses the platysma and its underlying structures without the need for skin excision. A direct cervicoplasty with skin excision affords wide exposure for addressing the skin, platysma, and the subplatysmal anatomy. Skin excision patterns are varied and tailored to the patient's needs.Scar modulation strategies, drain management, lymphatic assistance with positioning/massage, and salivary flow management are key to a hastened recovery.Direct submentoplasty remains an essential tool in the aging male patient, offering reproducible results in appropriately selected patients who are willing to accept its limitations.