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Photoinitiators Induce Histamine Production in Human Mast Cells.
IF 0.6 4区 医学 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.18926/AMO/68362
Taro Miura, Yoichi Kawasaki, Hirofumi Hamano, Yoshito Zamami, Toshiaki Sendo

Photoinitiators are used in the manufacture of many daily products, and may produce harmful effects due to their cytotoxicity. They have also been detected in human serum. Here, we investigated the histamine-producing effects in HMC-1 cells and the inflammatory cytokine release effects in RAW264 cells for four photoinitiators: 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone; 2-isopropylthioxanthone; methyl 2-benzoylbenzoate; and 2-methyl-4´-(methylthio)-2-morpholinopropiophenone. All four promoted histamine production in HMC-1 cells; however, they did not significantly affect the release of inflammatory cytokines in RAW264 cells. These findings suggest that these four photoinitiators induce inflammatory cytokine-independent histamine production, potentially contributing to histamine-mediated chronic inflammation in vitro.

{"title":"Photoinitiators Induce Histamine Production in Human Mast Cells.","authors":"Taro Miura, Yoichi Kawasaki, Hirofumi Hamano, Yoshito Zamami, Toshiaki Sendo","doi":"10.18926/AMO/68362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18926/AMO/68362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photoinitiators are used in the manufacture of many daily products, and may produce harmful effects due to their cytotoxicity. They have also been detected in human serum. Here, we investigated the histamine-producing effects in HMC-1 cells and the inflammatory cytokine release effects in RAW264 cells for four photoinitiators: 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone; 2-isopropylthioxanthone; methyl 2-benzoylbenzoate; and 2-methyl-4´-(methylthio)-2-morpholinopropiophenone. All four promoted histamine production in HMC-1 cells; however, they did not significantly affect the release of inflammatory cytokines in RAW264 cells. These findings suggest that these four photoinitiators induce inflammatory cytokine-independent histamine production, potentially contributing to histamine-mediated chronic inflammation in vitro.</p>","PeriodicalId":7017,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Okayama","volume":"79 1","pages":"51-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Rare Case of Compression Neuritis due to Intraorbital Arteriovenous Fistula (IOAVF) Mimicking Retrobulbar Optic Neuritis.
IF 0.6 4区 医学 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.18926/AMO/68363
Shun Minakawa, Masayuki Hirano, Kazuya Takahashi, Yuta Imamura, Takashi Watanabe

Intraorbital arteriovenous fistulas (IOAVFs) are rare vascular abnormalities. We describe a case of an IOAVF featuring a direct shunt between the accessory meningeal artery and the superior ophthalmic artery. A 55-year-old woman presented with a 1-month history of visual impairment in her right eye, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed optic neuritis-like findings. Steroid pulse therapy temporarily resolved visual impairment. However, 1 month later, she experienced decreased visual acuity, ocular conjunctival hyperemia, edema, and a pulsatile murmur. Contrast-enhanced MRI and digital subtraction angiography revealed compression optic neuropathy due to an IOAVF. Following successful treatment with transarterial embolization, her symptoms disappeared.

{"title":"A Rare Case of Compression Neuritis due to Intraorbital Arteriovenous Fistula (IOAVF) Mimicking Retrobulbar Optic Neuritis.","authors":"Shun Minakawa, Masayuki Hirano, Kazuya Takahashi, Yuta Imamura, Takashi Watanabe","doi":"10.18926/AMO/68363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18926/AMO/68363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intraorbital arteriovenous fistulas (IOAVFs) are rare vascular abnormalities. We describe a case of an IOAVF featuring a direct shunt between the accessory meningeal artery and the superior ophthalmic artery. A 55-year-old woman presented with a 1-month history of visual impairment in her right eye, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed optic neuritis-like findings. Steroid pulse therapy temporarily resolved visual impairment. However, 1 month later, she experienced decreased visual acuity, ocular conjunctival hyperemia, edema, and a pulsatile murmur. Contrast-enhanced MRI and digital subtraction angiography revealed compression optic neuropathy due to an IOAVF. Following successful treatment with transarterial embolization, her symptoms disappeared.</p>","PeriodicalId":7017,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Okayama","volume":"79 1","pages":"59-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gastrectomy Causes an Imbalance in the Trunk Muscles.
IF 0.6 4区 医学 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.18926/AMO/68354
Nanami Ikeya, Atsushi Okita, Shinsuke Hashida, Sumiharu Yamamoto, Hirokuni Ikeda, Kazunori Tsukuda, Shinichi Toyooka

Muscle loss negatively affects gastrectomy prognosis. However, muscle loss is recognized as a systemic change, and individual muscle function is often overlooked. We investigated changes in the muscle volume of individual muscles after gastrectomy to identify clues for prognostic factors and optimal rehabilitation programs. Patients who underwent R0 gastrectomy for Stage I gastric cancer at our hospital from 2015 to 2021 were retrospectively selected to minimize the effects of malignancy and chemotherapy. Trunk muscle volume was measured by computed tomography to analyze body composition changes. Statistical analysis was performed to identify risk factors related to body composition changes. We compared the preoperative and 6-month postoperative conditions of 59 patients after gastrectomy. There was no difference in the psoas major muscle, a conventional surrogate marker of sarcopenia. There were significant decreases in the erector spinae (p=0.01) and lateral abdominal (p=0.01) muscles, and a significant increase in the rectus abdominis muscle (p=0.02). No significant correlation was found between these muscle changes and nutritional status. Body composition imbalance may serve as a new indicator of the general condition of patients after gastrectomy. Rehabilitation to correct this imbalance may improve prognosis after gastrectomy.

{"title":"Gastrectomy Causes an Imbalance in the Trunk Muscles.","authors":"Nanami Ikeya, Atsushi Okita, Shinsuke Hashida, Sumiharu Yamamoto, Hirokuni Ikeda, Kazunori Tsukuda, Shinichi Toyooka","doi":"10.18926/AMO/68354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18926/AMO/68354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Muscle loss negatively affects gastrectomy prognosis. However, muscle loss is recognized as a systemic change, and individual muscle function is often overlooked. We investigated changes in the muscle volume of individual muscles after gastrectomy to identify clues for prognostic factors and optimal rehabilitation programs. Patients who underwent R0 gastrectomy for Stage I gastric cancer at our hospital from 2015 to 2021 were retrospectively selected to minimize the effects of malignancy and chemotherapy. Trunk muscle volume was measured by computed tomography to analyze body composition changes. Statistical analysis was performed to identify risk factors related to body composition changes. We compared the preoperative and 6-month postoperative conditions of 59 patients after gastrectomy. There was no difference in the psoas major muscle, a conventional surrogate marker of sarcopenia. There were significant decreases in the erector spinae (p=0.01) and lateral abdominal (p=0.01) muscles, and a significant increase in the rectus abdominis muscle (p=0.02). No significant correlation was found between these muscle changes and nutritional status. Body composition imbalance may serve as a new indicator of the general condition of patients after gastrectomy. Rehabilitation to correct this imbalance may improve prognosis after gastrectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7017,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Okayama","volume":"79 1","pages":"9-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immediate Effects of a Single Home-based Rehabilitation Treatment on Balance Performance and Toe-Grip Strength in Elderly Subjects Continuing the Same Rehabilitation Program.
IF 0.6 4区 医学 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.18926/AMO/68361
Kazunori Kojima, Takuya Ujikawa, Toshiro Ono

We assessed the immediate effects of a home-based rehabilitation (HBR) program on the balance performance and toe-grip strength of 29 older adults (mean±SD age of 75.1±9.9; 16 males, 13 females) who were participating in HBR services provided by Japan's nursing care insurance system. Their toe-grip strength and balance performance were measured before and after the HBR program. The subjects' toe-grip strength was significantly improved after the treatment. The subjects who had had a stroke showed a significant improvement after HBR. Contrarily, no significant difference was observed in the subjects' functional reach results or their one-leg standing time. These results indicate that the exercise regimen provided in the HBR program led to increased excitability of motor units and immediately enhanced the subjects' toe-grip strength.

{"title":"Immediate Effects of a Single Home-based Rehabilitation Treatment on Balance Performance and Toe-Grip Strength in Elderly Subjects Continuing the Same Rehabilitation Program.","authors":"Kazunori Kojima, Takuya Ujikawa, Toshiro Ono","doi":"10.18926/AMO/68361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18926/AMO/68361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We assessed the immediate effects of a home-based rehabilitation (HBR) program on the balance performance and toe-grip strength of 29 older adults (mean±SD age of 75.1±9.9; 16 males, 13 females) who were participating in HBR services provided by Japan's nursing care insurance system. Their toe-grip strength and balance performance were measured before and after the HBR program. The subjects' toe-grip strength was significantly improved after the treatment. The subjects who had had a stroke showed a significant improvement after HBR. Contrarily, no significant difference was observed in the subjects' functional reach results or their one-leg standing time. These results indicate that the exercise regimen provided in the HBR program led to increased excitability of motor units and immediately enhanced the subjects' toe-grip strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":7017,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Okayama","volume":"79 1","pages":"47-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prediction of Prostate Cancer Grades Using Radiomic Features.
IF 0.6 4区 医学 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.18926/AMO/68355
Yasuhiro Yamamoto, Takafumi Haraguchi, Kaori Matsuda, Yoshio Okazaki, Shin Kimoto, Nozomu Tanji, Atsushi Matsumoto, Yasuyuki Kobayashi, Hidefumi Mimura, Takao Hiraki

We developed a machine learning model for predicting prostate cancer (PCa) grades using radiomic features of magnetic resonance imaging. 112 patients diagnosed with PCa based on prostate biopsy between January 2014 and December 2021 were evaluated. Logistic regression was used to construct two prediction models, one using radiomic features and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values (Radiomics model) and the other Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) scores and PSA values (PI-RADS model), to differentiate high-grade (Gleason score [GS] ≥ 8) from intermediate or low-grade (GS < 8) PCa. Five imaging features were selected for the Radiomics model using the Gini coefficient. Model performance was evaluated using AUC, sensitivity, and specificity. The models were compared by leave-one-out cross-validation with Ridge regularization. Furthermore, the Radiomics model was evaluated using the holdout method and represented by a nomogram. The AUC of the Radiomics and PI-RADS models differed significantly (0.799, 95% CI: 0.712-0.869; and 0.710, 95% CI: 0.617-0.792, respectively). Using holdout method, the Radiomics model yielded AUC of 0.778 (95% CI: 0.552-0.925), sensitivity of 0.769, and specificity of 0.778. It outperformed the PI-RADS model and could be useful in predicting PCa grades, potentially aiding in determining appropriate treatment approaches in PCa patients.

{"title":"Prediction of Prostate Cancer Grades Using Radiomic Features.","authors":"Yasuhiro Yamamoto, Takafumi Haraguchi, Kaori Matsuda, Yoshio Okazaki, Shin Kimoto, Nozomu Tanji, Atsushi Matsumoto, Yasuyuki Kobayashi, Hidefumi Mimura, Takao Hiraki","doi":"10.18926/AMO/68355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18926/AMO/68355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We developed a machine learning model for predicting prostate cancer (PCa) grades using radiomic features of magnetic resonance imaging. 112 patients diagnosed with PCa based on prostate biopsy between January 2014 and December 2021 were evaluated. Logistic regression was used to construct two prediction models, one using radiomic features and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values (Radiomics model) and the other Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) scores and PSA values (PI-RADS model), to differentiate high-grade (Gleason score [GS] ≥ 8) from intermediate or low-grade (GS < 8) PCa. Five imaging features were selected for the Radiomics model using the Gini coefficient. Model performance was evaluated using AUC, sensitivity, and specificity. The models were compared by leave-one-out cross-validation with Ridge regularization. Furthermore, the Radiomics model was evaluated using the holdout method and represented by a nomogram. The AUC of the Radiomics and PI-RADS models differed significantly (0.799, 95% CI: 0.712-0.869; and 0.710, 95% CI: 0.617-0.792, respectively). Using holdout method, the Radiomics model yielded AUC of 0.778 (95% CI: 0.552-0.925), sensitivity of 0.769, and specificity of 0.778. It outperformed the PI-RADS model and could be useful in predicting PCa grades, potentially aiding in determining appropriate treatment approaches in PCa patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7017,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Okayama","volume":"79 1","pages":"21-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Endothelial Cell Polarity in Health and Disease.
IF 0.6 4区 医学 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.18926/AMO/68353
Moe Thiha, Takao Hikita, Masanori Nakayama

Endothelial cell polarity is fundamental to the organization and function of blood vessels, influencing processes such as angiogenesis, vascular stability, and response to shear stress. This review elaborates on the molecular mechanisms that regulate endothelial cell polarity, focusing on key players like the PAR polarity complex and Rho family GTPases. These pathways coordinate the front-rear, apical-basal and planar polarity of endothelial cells, which are essential for the proper formation and maintenance of vascular structures. In health, endothelial polarity ensures not only the orderly development of blood vessels, with tip cells adopting distinct polarities during angiogenesis, but also ensures proper vascular integrity and function. In disease states, however, disruptions in polarity contribute to pathologies such as coronary artery disease, where altered planar polarity exacerbates atherosclerosis, and cancer, where disrupted polarity in tumor vasculature leads to abnormal vessel growth and function. Understanding cell polarity and its disruption is fundamental not only to comprehending how cells interact with their microenvironment and organize themselves into complex, organ-specific tissues but also to developing novel, targeted, and therapeutic strategies for a range of diseases, from cardiovascular disorders to malignancies, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

{"title":"Endothelial Cell Polarity in Health and Disease.","authors":"Moe Thiha, Takao Hikita, Masanori Nakayama","doi":"10.18926/AMO/68353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18926/AMO/68353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endothelial cell polarity is fundamental to the organization and function of blood vessels, influencing processes such as angiogenesis, vascular stability, and response to shear stress. This review elaborates on the molecular mechanisms that regulate endothelial cell polarity, focusing on key players like the PAR polarity complex and Rho family GTPases. These pathways coordinate the front-rear, apical-basal and planar polarity of endothelial cells, which are essential for the proper formation and maintenance of vascular structures. In health, endothelial polarity ensures not only the orderly development of blood vessels, with tip cells adopting distinct polarities during angiogenesis, but also ensures proper vascular integrity and function. In disease states, however, disruptions in polarity contribute to pathologies such as coronary artery disease, where altered planar polarity exacerbates atherosclerosis, and cancer, where disrupted polarity in tumor vasculature leads to abnormal vessel growth and function. Understanding cell polarity and its disruption is fundamental not only to comprehending how cells interact with their microenvironment and organize themselves into complex, organ-specific tissues but also to developing novel, targeted, and therapeutic strategies for a range of diseases, from cardiovascular disorders to malignancies, ultimately improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7017,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Okayama","volume":"79 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Retrospective Analysis of the Safety of High-Volume Dental Articaine Preparations for Japanese Patients.
IF 0.6 4区 医学 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.18926/AMO/68356
Shigeru Maeda, Atiphan Pimkhaokham, Michihiro Yoshida, Hiroki Hosoi, Ayako Ohshima, Ryoko Kurisu, Nozomi Utsumi, Hitoshi Higuchi, Takuya Miyawaki

We retrospectively analyzed the safety of the use of articaine, an amide-type local anesthetic, in Japanese dental patients (n=300) treated in Thailand in 2015-2017. The dosage, adverse events (AEs) caused by local anesthesia, and treatment efficacy were examined. Articaine, which is safe for patients with liver impairments due to its unique metabolism, has not been thoroughly tested in Japan for doses above 5.1 mL. Eighty of the present patients had undergone root canal treatment (RCT), 71 underwent tooth extraction, and 149 underwent implant-related surgery. More than three articaine cartridges were used in 41 patients, and no AEs occurred in these cases. The only AE occurred in a 52-year-old woman who was treated with three cartridges and presented with what appeared to be hyperventilation syndrome; she later recovered and received her dental treatment as scheduled. Most treatments were completed with three or fewer cartridges, suggesting that this number is generally sufficient. Our findings, particularly the low AE risk even with doses exceeding three cartridges, support the potential applicability of the overseas recommended maximum dose of articaine (7 mg/kg) in Japanese patients. This conclusion is significant for advancing dental anesthetic practices and ensuring patient safety and treatment efficacy in Japan.

{"title":"Retrospective Analysis of the Safety of High-Volume Dental Articaine Preparations for Japanese Patients.","authors":"Shigeru Maeda, Atiphan Pimkhaokham, Michihiro Yoshida, Hiroki Hosoi, Ayako Ohshima, Ryoko Kurisu, Nozomi Utsumi, Hitoshi Higuchi, Takuya Miyawaki","doi":"10.18926/AMO/68356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18926/AMO/68356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We retrospectively analyzed the safety of the use of articaine, an amide-type local anesthetic, in Japanese dental patients (n=300) treated in Thailand in 2015-2017. The dosage, adverse events (AEs) caused by local anesthesia, and treatment efficacy were examined. Articaine, which is safe for patients with liver impairments due to its unique metabolism, has not been thoroughly tested in Japan for doses above 5.1 mL. Eighty of the present patients had undergone root canal treatment (RCT), 71 underwent tooth extraction, and 149 underwent implant-related surgery. More than three articaine cartridges were used in 41 patients, and no AEs occurred in these cases. The only AE occurred in a 52-year-old woman who was treated with three cartridges and presented with what appeared to be hyperventilation syndrome; she later recovered and received her dental treatment as scheduled. Most treatments were completed with three or fewer cartridges, suggesting that this number is generally sufficient. Our findings, particularly the low AE risk even with doses exceeding three cartridges, support the potential applicability of the overseas recommended maximum dose of articaine (7 mg/kg) in Japanese patients. This conclusion is significant for advancing dental anesthetic practices and ensuring patient safety and treatment efficacy in Japan.</p>","PeriodicalId":7017,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Okayama","volume":"79 1","pages":"31-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Could the Trabecular Bone Score Be a Complementary Tool for Evaluating Degenerative Lumbar Vertebrae?
IF 0.6 4区 医学 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.18926/AMO/68360
Shinichiro Takao, Koji Uotani, Haruo Misawa, Tomoko Tetsunaga, Kensuke Shinohara, Kentaro Yamane, Yoshiaki Oda, Hironori Tsuji, Yuya Kajiki, Toshifumi Ozaki

Evaluating vertebral bone mass and quality in the elderly poses challenges due to degenerative changes. This study aims to elucidate the usefulness of the trabecular bone score (TBS) by examining the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD), TBS, and Hounsfield unit (HU) values. A retrospective analysis of 599 vertebrae from 152 patients (mean age 69.0 years; range 44-89; 74 males and 78 females) undergoing dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and CT scans was conducted. Vertebrae were categorized into three grades based on the degree of degeneration. The TBS was calculated from DXA images, and the HU value was measured by placing a region of interest on an axial image of the vertebral mid-body. One-way analysis of variance and Pearson's correlation tests were employed to investigate the relationship between BMD and TBS or HU values. While lumbar BMD significantly increased (p<0.01) with degenerative changes, TBS and HU values showed no significant differences. The correlations between lumbar BMD and TBS values, and between BMD and HU values, were stronger without degenerative changes than with degenerative changes. Significantly different HU values were observed between the right and left sides of severely degenerated vertebrae. Severe degenerative changes, particularly those associated with sclerosis, may impact HU values. TBS exhibits greater potential than HU values as a complementary tool.

{"title":"Could the Trabecular Bone Score Be a Complementary Tool for Evaluating Degenerative Lumbar Vertebrae?","authors":"Shinichiro Takao, Koji Uotani, Haruo Misawa, Tomoko Tetsunaga, Kensuke Shinohara, Kentaro Yamane, Yoshiaki Oda, Hironori Tsuji, Yuya Kajiki, Toshifumi Ozaki","doi":"10.18926/AMO/68360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18926/AMO/68360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evaluating vertebral bone mass and quality in the elderly poses challenges due to degenerative changes. This study aims to elucidate the usefulness of the trabecular bone score (TBS) by examining the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD), TBS, and Hounsfield unit (HU) values. A retrospective analysis of 599 vertebrae from 152 patients (mean age 69.0 years; range 44-89; 74 males and 78 females) undergoing dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and CT scans was conducted. Vertebrae were categorized into three grades based on the degree of degeneration. The TBS was calculated from DXA images, and the HU value was measured by placing a region of interest on an axial image of the vertebral mid-body. One-way analysis of variance and Pearson's correlation tests were employed to investigate the relationship between BMD and TBS or HU values. While lumbar BMD significantly increased (p<0.01) with degenerative changes, TBS and HU values showed no significant differences. The correlations between lumbar BMD and TBS values, and between BMD and HU values, were stronger without degenerative changes than with degenerative changes. Significantly different HU values were observed between the right and left sides of severely degenerated vertebrae. Severe degenerative changes, particularly those associated with sclerosis, may impact HU values. TBS exhibits greater potential than HU values as a complementary tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":7017,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Okayama","volume":"79 1","pages":"39-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Partial versus Radical Nephrectomy for Small Renal Cancer: Comparative Propensity Score-Matching Analysis of Cardiovascular Event Risk. 小肾癌部分与根治性肾切除术:心血管事件风险的比较倾向评分匹配分析。
IF 0.6 4区 医学 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.18926/AMO/67868
Risa Kubota, Kensuke Bekku, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Shingo Nishimura, Kohei Edamura, Tomoko Kobayashi, Yasuyuki Kobayashi, Motoo Araki

Although partial nephrectomy (PN) is preferred over radical nephrectomy (RN) for preserving renal function in patients with cT1 renal cancer, its impact on cardiovascular events (CVe) remains controversial. This study aimed to compare PN and RN in regard to the occurrence of CVe, including cerebrovascular events and exacerbation of hypertension (HT). We retrospectively analyzed 418 consecutive patients who underwent PN or RN for cT1 renal cancer. Propensity score-matching analysis was used to adjust for imbalances between patients who underwent PN and RN, leaving 102 patients in each group. The 5-year probability of cumulative CVe incidence was 6% in the PN group and 12% in the RN group (p=0.03), with a median follow-up of 73.5 months. The statistical significance was retained after propensity score matching for patients without preoperative proteinuria (p=0.03). For all CVe including cerebrovascular events and exacerbation of HT analyzed, PN provided a lower probability of occurrence than RN in patients with small renal cancers.

尽管在cT1肾癌患者中,部分肾切除术(PN)比根治性肾切除术(RN)更能保护肾功能,但其对心血管事件(CVe)的影响仍存在争议。本研究旨在比较PN和RN在CVe发生方面的差异,包括脑血管事件和高血压加重(HT)。我们回顾性分析了418例连续接受cT1肾癌PN或RN治疗的患者。倾向评分匹配分析用于调整接受PN和RN的患者之间的不平衡,每组留下102例患者。PN组5年累积CVe发生率为6%,RN组为12% (p=0.03),中位随访时间为73.5个月。术前无蛋白尿患者经倾向评分匹配后,差异无统计学意义(p=0.03)。对于包括脑血管事件和HT加重在内的所有CVe,在小肾癌患者中,PN的发生概率低于RN。
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引用次数: 0
Risk Factors for Gangrenous Cholecystitis and the Outcomes of Early Cholecystectomy: A Retrospective Study of a Single-Center City General Hospital. 坏疽性胆囊炎的危险因素及早期胆囊切除术的预后:一项单中心城市综合医院的回顾性研究
IF 0.6 4区 医学 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.18926/AMO/67869
Mampei Yamashita, Takayuki Tanaka, Yorihisa Sumida, Shoto Yamazaki, Yuki Hara, Akiko Fukuda, Makoto Hisanaga, Koki Wakata, Masato Araki, Susumu Eguchi

Gangrenous cholecystitis (GC) is classified as moderate acute cholecystitis according to the Tokyo Guidelines from 2018 (TG18). We evaluated the risk factors for GC and the outcomes of early cholecystectomy. A total of 136 patients who underwent emergency cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis were retrospectively analyzed; 58 of these patients (42.6%) were diagnosed with GC (GC group) based on our retrospective pathologic diagnosis. We comparatively evaluated the patient backgrounds and surgical outcomes between the GC group and non-GC group. The GC group was significantly older and included more hypertensive patients than the non-GC group. The GC group was prescribed more antibiotics as initial treatment than the non-GC group, and they had more days between onset and surgery. The preoperative white blood cell count and C-reactive protein values were significantly higher in the GC group than in the non-GC group, and these values were predictive factors for GC. Cholecystectomy required a longer operation time and caused greater blood loss in the GC group. The GC group also had longer hospitalization times than the non-GC group; however, no significant differences were observed in terms of postoperative complications. In conclusion, gangrenous changes should be assessed when diagnosing cholecystitis, and appropriate treatment, such as surgery or drainage, should be undertaken.

根据2018年东京指南(TG18),坏疽性胆囊炎(GC)被归类为中度急性胆囊炎。我们评估了胃癌的危险因素和早期胆囊切除术的结果。回顾性分析136例急性胆囊炎急诊胆囊切除术患者;其中58例(42.6%)经回顾性病理诊断为胃癌(GC组)。我们比较了胃癌组和非胃癌组的患者背景和手术结果。与非GC组相比,GC组明显更老,高血压患者也更多。与非GC组相比,GC组在初始治疗时使用了更多的抗生素,并且从发病到手术之间的时间更长。胃癌组术前白细胞计数和c反应蛋白值明显高于非胃癌组,这些值是胃癌的预测因素。GC组胆囊切除术手术时间较长,出血量较大。GC组住院时间较非GC组长;然而,在术后并发症方面,没有观察到显著差异。总之,在诊断胆囊炎时应评估坏疽性改变,并采取适当的治疗,如手术或引流。
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Acta medica Okayama
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