Since the 1970s, the United States has strengthened fuel economy standards in order to reduce oil consumption and emissions from light-duty vehicles. However, there has been a dramatic market shift away from cars and towards light trucks, particularly sport utility vehicles, during this same period. This study quantifies the total impact of the rise of light trucks from model years 2000-2017. These additional light trucks will produce 867-3,519 million short tons of greenhouse gases across their lifetimes, compared to three alternative scenarios. These emissions are enough to offset 19-75% of the projected savings from the model year 2011-2025 CAFE standards. The combined cost of these emissions and the increased risk of traffic fatalities light trucks pose may reach $94.3-350.7 billion. These costs indicate the need for the federal and state governments to update transportation policies, including amending fuel economy standards, raising fuel taxes, and regulating vehicles based on weight.
{"title":"The Rise of SUVs in the US and Its Impact on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from 2000-2017","authors":"T. Kovach","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3831468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3831468","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1970s, the United States has strengthened fuel economy standards in order to reduce oil consumption and emissions from light-duty vehicles. However, there has been a dramatic market shift away from cars and towards light trucks, particularly sport utility vehicles, during this same period. This study quantifies the total impact of the rise of light trucks from model years 2000-2017. These additional light trucks will produce 867-3,519 million short tons of greenhouse gases across their lifetimes, compared to three alternative scenarios. These emissions are enough to offset 19-75% of the projected savings from the model year 2011-2025 CAFE standards. The combined cost of these emissions and the increased risk of traffic fatalities light trucks pose may reach $94.3-350.7 billion. These costs indicate the need for the federal and state governments to update transportation policies, including amending fuel economy standards, raising fuel taxes, and regulating vehicles based on weight.","PeriodicalId":113922,"journal":{"name":"TransportRN: Environmental Impacts of Transportation (Topic)","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121689741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transport emissions are the principal driver of climate warming in many countries and shifting to clean non-fossil fuels and green electricity propulsion will also eliminate impacts on air quality. So, meeting the Paris Agreement goals and fighting transport air pollution are complementary. The transition can’t happen overnight, but many air pollution cuts can be readily implemented and will reduce fuel burn and help close the cost gap to decarbonize. The challenge at COP26 is a dual one.
{"title":"Transport, Air Pollution and Climate Change: Two Sides of the Same Coin","authors":"Ramphal Institute, W. Hemming","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3777230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3777230","url":null,"abstract":"Transport emissions are the principal driver of climate warming in many countries and shifting to clean non-fossil fuels and green electricity propulsion will also eliminate impacts on air quality. So, meeting the Paris Agreement goals and fighting transport air pollution are complementary. The transition can’t happen overnight, but many air pollution cuts can be readily implemented and will reduce fuel burn and help close the cost gap to decarbonize. The challenge at COP26 is a dual one.","PeriodicalId":113922,"journal":{"name":"TransportRN: Environmental Impacts of Transportation (Topic)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128295101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-31DOI: 10.17265/1548-6591/2015.05.004
Shamsuddin Ahmed
This paper explores the efficacy of environmental protection in road transportation that produces greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as a result of vehicle travel frequencies in a region. Road transportation deduces the highest contributor of carbon emissions coupled with human interventions in the economic growth sectors that rather bear a perilous condition in property management exclusively in urban settlements or impervious lands. An association among the selected variables where population erraticism echoes a basic determinant of road transportation for energy use and the vehicle travels increasingly succeeds carbon-dioxide (CO2) emissions. Trends in regional gas emissions depict two pragmatic paradigms. First, at least four principal components are coherent and overriding in regional environmental protection to fulfil the common goal of measuring and monitoring climate-smart land use. Second, a plausible land transportation policy pooled with environmental regulations is a complex one from the economic development perspective as the higher the regional economic growth relates relatively higher GHG emissions in nature. It can be concluded that environmental protection from GHG is virtually regulated by three influences population, energy usages, and vehicle travels which are deemed to be the spatial dimension of reducing global carbon emissions being caused by road transportation in a region.
{"title":"Environmental Policy for Road Transportation: Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Carbon Lands Nexus","authors":"Shamsuddin Ahmed","doi":"10.17265/1548-6591/2015.05.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/1548-6591/2015.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the efficacy of environmental protection in road transportation that produces greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as a result of vehicle travel frequencies in a region. Road transportation deduces the highest contributor of carbon emissions coupled with human interventions in the economic growth sectors that rather bear a perilous condition in property management exclusively in urban settlements or impervious lands. An association among the selected variables where population erraticism echoes a basic determinant of road transportation for energy use and the vehicle travels increasingly succeeds carbon-dioxide (CO2) emissions. Trends in regional gas emissions depict two pragmatic paradigms. First, at least four principal components are coherent and overriding in regional environmental protection to fulfil the common goal of measuring and monitoring climate-smart land use. Second, a plausible land transportation policy pooled with environmental regulations is a complex one from the economic development perspective as the higher the regional economic growth relates relatively higher GHG emissions in nature. It can be concluded that environmental protection from GHG is virtually regulated by three influences population, energy usages, and vehicle travels which are deemed to be the spatial dimension of reducing global carbon emissions being caused by road transportation in a region.","PeriodicalId":113922,"journal":{"name":"TransportRN: Environmental Impacts of Transportation (Topic)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126332728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper studies the income effects of environmental policy in jurisdictions with a common labor market and a heterogeneous population (workers and polluters). A jurisdiction unilaterally improves its local environmental quality, using a subsidy, an environmental tax or command-and-control. In a closed economy, workers and polluters have some kind of a "natural ranking" of instruments for a given environmental objective. We find that commuting across jurisdictions may upset this "natural ranking" of environmental instruments. Further, we see that this inter-jurisdictional commuting exports pollution and the costs of environmental policy, possibly causing strategic behavior.
{"title":"Does Commuting Change the Ranking of Environmental Instruments?","authors":"B. Saveyn","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1113997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1113997","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the income effects of environmental policy in jurisdictions with a common labor market and a heterogeneous population (workers and polluters). A jurisdiction unilaterally improves its local environmental quality, using a subsidy, an environmental tax or command-and-control. In a closed economy, workers and polluters have some kind of a \"natural ranking\" of instruments for a given environmental objective. We find that commuting across jurisdictions may upset this \"natural ranking\" of environmental instruments. Further, we see that this inter-jurisdictional commuting exports pollution and the costs of environmental policy, possibly causing strategic behavior.","PeriodicalId":113922,"journal":{"name":"TransportRN: Environmental Impacts of Transportation (Topic)","volume":"463 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122786950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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