Pub Date : 2026-02-11DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04250
Yuqin Zhang,Yahui Wang,Bing Wang,Weiren Bao,Liping Chang,Jiancheng Wang
The interaction strength between Hg0 and surface-active oxygen species of metal oxides is a core factor determining the removal efficiency of Hg0, and this effect is particularly pronounced under a reducing atmosphere of ambient-temperature natural gas. Transition metal doping provides an effective method to regulate the structure and activity of metal oxide oxygen species. However, its structure–activity regulation mechanism in Hg0 oxidation reactions remains unclear, which hinders the directional design of high-efficiency Hg0 removal materials. Herein, we developed a series of transition metal (Cu, Co, and Ce)-doped manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve (OMS-2) sorbents, among which Cu-doped OMS-2 exhibited optimal ambient-temperature Hg0 oxidation performance, achieving a stable Hg0 removal efficiency of 97%. The type of transition metal and its occupancy site in the OMS-2 lattice directly determine the Hg0 removal performance by regulating the activity of surface lattice oxygen. The incorporation of Cu significantly improved the redox properties and enhanced the activity and mobility of lattice oxygen by adjusting the p-band center, which accelerated the conversion of Hg0 to Hg2+. This strategy provides valuable insights for guiding the design of Hg0 sorbents for application in a reducing natural gas atmosphere at ambient temperature.
{"title":"Unveiling the Effect of Transition Metal Doping on Hg0 Removal over OMS-2 Sorbents in a Reducing Natural Gas Atmosphere","authors":"Yuqin Zhang,Yahui Wang,Bing Wang,Weiren Bao,Liping Chang,Jiancheng Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04250","url":null,"abstract":"The interaction strength between Hg0 and surface-active oxygen species of metal oxides is a core factor determining the removal efficiency of Hg0, and this effect is particularly pronounced under a reducing atmosphere of ambient-temperature natural gas. Transition metal doping provides an effective method to regulate the structure and activity of metal oxide oxygen species. However, its structure–activity regulation mechanism in Hg0 oxidation reactions remains unclear, which hinders the directional design of high-efficiency Hg0 removal materials. Herein, we developed a series of transition metal (Cu, Co, and Ce)-doped manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve (OMS-2) sorbents, among which Cu-doped OMS-2 exhibited optimal ambient-temperature Hg0 oxidation performance, achieving a stable Hg0 removal efficiency of 97%. The type of transition metal and its occupancy site in the OMS-2 lattice directly determine the Hg0 removal performance by regulating the activity of surface lattice oxygen. The incorporation of Cu significantly improved the redox properties and enhanced the activity and mobility of lattice oxygen by adjusting the p-band center, which accelerated the conversion of Hg0 to Hg2+. This strategy provides valuable insights for guiding the design of Hg0 sorbents for application in a reducing natural gas atmosphere at ambient temperature.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"315 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146152405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-11DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04880
You Ma,Zhangyi Gao,Yiwei Tan,Yuhan Wang,Guozhi Qian,Saier Liu,Minjing Shang,Jie Zheng,Zhigang Lin,Yuanhai Su
To address the issue of severe photon attenuation in the oxime ether photobromination, slug flow was introduced to enhance photon transport in microreactors. Using the photochemical transformation of o-nitrobenzaldehyde as a benchmark reaction, response surface analysis was employed to systematically investigate the effects of various factors, including concentration, aqueous phase-to-organic phase flow rate ratio, and light intensity, on the reaction performance. The photon loss in the slug flow photomicroreactor was obtained through experimental measurements. The enhancement of photon transport by slug flow was attributed to the effects of internal circulation, refraction, and liquid film effects. Finally, the slug flow was applied to enhance the oxime ether photobromination, achieving an 84.6% yield of brominated oxime ether as a key intermediate of trifloxystrobin within 4 min. The slug flow could also suppress the formation of the z-type isomer of the main product and improve the reaction selectivity significantly. The space-time yield was 37 times higher than in the batch reactor and 3.5 times higher than in the single-phase flow microreactor. The slug flow strategy effectively reduced the E-factor from 30.99 to 23.22, indicating its applicability for green chemical transformations, holding crucial guiding significance for the industrial-scale production of trifloxystrobin.
{"title":"Mechanism of Slug Flow Enhancing Photon Transport and Its Application to Photobromination in Microreactors","authors":"You Ma,Zhangyi Gao,Yiwei Tan,Yuhan Wang,Guozhi Qian,Saier Liu,Minjing Shang,Jie Zheng,Zhigang Lin,Yuanhai Su","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04880","url":null,"abstract":"To address the issue of severe photon attenuation in the oxime ether photobromination, slug flow was introduced to enhance photon transport in microreactors. Using the photochemical transformation of o-nitrobenzaldehyde as a benchmark reaction, response surface analysis was employed to systematically investigate the effects of various factors, including concentration, aqueous phase-to-organic phase flow rate ratio, and light intensity, on the reaction performance. The photon loss in the slug flow photomicroreactor was obtained through experimental measurements. The enhancement of photon transport by slug flow was attributed to the effects of internal circulation, refraction, and liquid film effects. Finally, the slug flow was applied to enhance the oxime ether photobromination, achieving an 84.6% yield of brominated oxime ether as a key intermediate of trifloxystrobin within 4 min. The slug flow could also suppress the formation of the z-type isomer of the main product and improve the reaction selectivity significantly. The space-time yield was 37 times higher than in the batch reactor and 3.5 times higher than in the single-phase flow microreactor. The slug flow strategy effectively reduced the E-factor from 30.99 to 23.22, indicating its applicability for green chemical transformations, holding crucial guiding significance for the industrial-scale production of trifloxystrobin.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146152401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Extraction oxidation desulfurization technology represents a crucial complementary approach to hydrodesulfurization with its effectiveness fundamentally dependent on the performance of the oxidation desulfurization catalyst. A dual-active-site catalyst, based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on defect-engineered UiO-66, was developed for extraction oxidative desulfurization of diesel. The defect UiO-66 support was fabricated via a grinding method, and glycine (Gly) was subsequently introduced as a molecular bridge to achieve uniform and stable immobilization of HPW within the metal–organic framework. The obtained catalyst was employed in an ODS process of model diesel (n-octane with 1000 ppmS DBT) at room temperature, where H2O2 served as the oxidant and acetonitrile as the extractant. The results revealed that the Zr active sites in UiO-66 can effectively decompose H2O2 into reactive oxygen radicals at room temperature; subsequently such oxygen radicals combine with the W active site in HPW to form highly oxidizing tungsten peroxide species. By optimization of Zr/W ratios, this synergistic effect endowed the UiO-GlyPW composite with exceptional catalytic performance, enabling complete desulfurization of a model oil containing 1000 ppm sulfur within 10 min at room temperature under the conditions of an O/S molar ratio of 5, a catalyst dosage of 3.0 wt %, and an oil-to-extractant ratio of 1.This work provides fundamental insights into the rational design of dual-active-site catalysts for efficient ODS processes under ambient conditions.
{"title":"UiO-66-Supported Phosphotungstic Acid with Dual-Active Sites for Extraction Oxidation Desulfurization of Simulated Fuel at Room Temperature","authors":"Chongfu Wu,Mengying Lin,Zhaoyang Qi,Jie Chen,Changshen Ye,Ting Qiu","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04755","url":null,"abstract":"Extraction oxidation desulfurization technology represents a crucial complementary approach to hydrodesulfurization with its effectiveness fundamentally dependent on the performance of the oxidation desulfurization catalyst. A dual-active-site catalyst, based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on defect-engineered UiO-66, was developed for extraction oxidative desulfurization of diesel. The defect UiO-66 support was fabricated via a grinding method, and glycine (Gly) was subsequently introduced as a molecular bridge to achieve uniform and stable immobilization of HPW within the metal–organic framework. The obtained catalyst was employed in an ODS process of model diesel (n-octane with 1000 ppmS DBT) at room temperature, where H2O2 served as the oxidant and acetonitrile as the extractant. The results revealed that the Zr active sites in UiO-66 can effectively decompose H2O2 into reactive oxygen radicals at room temperature; subsequently such oxygen radicals combine with the W active site in HPW to form highly oxidizing tungsten peroxide species. By optimization of Zr/W ratios, this synergistic effect endowed the UiO-GlyPW composite with exceptional catalytic performance, enabling complete desulfurization of a model oil containing 1000 ppm sulfur within 10 min at room temperature under the conditions of an O/S molar ratio of 5, a catalyst dosage of 3.0 wt %, and an oil-to-extractant ratio of 1.This work provides fundamental insights into the rational design of dual-active-site catalysts for efficient ODS processes under ambient conditions.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146152402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coal thermal dissolution extraction is key for efficient conversion/utilization of low-rank coal, but its industrialization is limited by poor extraction product separation. However, commercial thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide membranes swell in organic solvents, compromising separation accuracy. To solve this, this study incorporated holey graphene oxide (HGO) into interfacial polymerization. HGO-modified polyamide composite membranes were prepared, and their feasibility in OSN was explored. HGO’s amphiphilicity and porous structure enhanced piperazine monomer diffusion kinetics/uniformity, improved polymerization cross-linking, and built an interpenetrating network with polyamide chains to inhibit membrane swelling in polar solvents. Experiments demonstrated that the modified membrane exhibited better structural stability in methanol and excellent small-molecule sieving in methanol systems simulating low-rank coal thermal dissolution extracts. This study fills the gap in HGO for organic OSN membranes, offers new insights for high-efficiency OSN membrane preparation, and facilitates the efficient separation of coal extraction products.
{"title":"Preparation of Holey Graphene Oxide-Modified Polyamide Composite Organic Solvent Nanofiltration Membranes","authors":"Jinhua Meng,Yue Zhang,Xinao Tian,Yan Pan,Wen-Hai Zhang,Hong Meng","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c05034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c05034","url":null,"abstract":"Coal thermal dissolution extraction is key for efficient conversion/utilization of low-rank coal, but its industrialization is limited by poor extraction product separation. However, commercial thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide membranes swell in organic solvents, compromising separation accuracy. To solve this, this study incorporated holey graphene oxide (HGO) into interfacial polymerization. HGO-modified polyamide composite membranes were prepared, and their feasibility in OSN was explored. HGO’s amphiphilicity and porous structure enhanced piperazine monomer diffusion kinetics/uniformity, improved polymerization cross-linking, and built an interpenetrating network with polyamide chains to inhibit membrane swelling in polar solvents. Experiments demonstrated that the modified membrane exhibited better structural stability in methanol and excellent small-molecule sieving in methanol systems simulating low-rank coal thermal dissolution extracts. This study fills the gap in HGO for organic OSN membranes, offers new insights for high-efficiency OSN membrane preparation, and facilitates the efficient separation of coal extraction products.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146152403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solar-driven CO2 reduction into valuable chemicals/fuels is considered a promising strategy for mitigating the global energy and environmental crisis. Engineering MOF-on-MOF hybrid frameworks featuring sophisticated charge-transfer mechanisms has arisen to be a propitious policy for augmenting the photocatalytic performance of MOFs. In this work, a 0D/2D Mg/Sn-mediated porphyrin-based heterojunction hybrid was designed and synthesized. Importantly, the CO2-to-CO photoreduction efficiency for Mg/Sn-ZnTCPP MOF achieved 138.2 μmol·g–1·h–1, significantly surpassing that of the individual Mg-ZnTCPP MOF and Sn-ZnTCPP MOF. Experimental results revealed that the n–n type S-scheme heterojunction incorporated internal electric field direction with energy band bending at interfaces promotes the migration of photoexcited electrons and facilitates electron–hole separation, thus leading to superior photocatalytic activity. This study developed a facile method to construct MOF-on-MOF S-scheme heterojunction for achieving high-efficiency photocatalytic CO2 conversion.
{"title":"Construction of 0D/2D Porphyrin-Based MOF-on-MOF Heterojunctions for Efficient Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction","authors":"Juntao Zhao,Desen Zhou,Zhenxing Jin,Jiawei Ye,Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04644","url":null,"abstract":"Solar-driven CO2 reduction into valuable chemicals/fuels is considered a promising strategy for mitigating the global energy and environmental crisis. Engineering MOF-on-MOF hybrid frameworks featuring sophisticated charge-transfer mechanisms has arisen to be a propitious policy for augmenting the photocatalytic performance of MOFs. In this work, a 0D/2D Mg/Sn-mediated porphyrin-based heterojunction hybrid was designed and synthesized. Importantly, the CO2-to-CO photoreduction efficiency for Mg/Sn-ZnTCPP MOF achieved 138.2 μmol·g–1·h–1, significantly surpassing that of the individual Mg-ZnTCPP MOF and Sn-ZnTCPP MOF. Experimental results revealed that the n–n type S-scheme heterojunction incorporated internal electric field direction with energy band bending at interfaces promotes the migration of photoexcited electrons and facilitates electron–hole separation, thus leading to superior photocatalytic activity. This study developed a facile method to construct MOF-on-MOF S-scheme heterojunction for achieving high-efficiency photocatalytic CO2 conversion.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146152404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-11DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04921
Yuanmeng Wang,Yao Qin,Xiaotong Guan,Jingbo Zhao
Biobased poly(β-hydroxyurethane) (PHU) vitrimers, as one important kind of nonisocyanate polyurethanes, have attracted widespread attention due to their remarkable benefits for sustainable development and green production. However, the balance between good mechanical properties and high reprocessing efficiency has not been well resolved, which affects their large-scale production and practical applications as substitutes for conventional isocyanate polyurethanes. In this study, a series of biobased PHU vitrimers (PDGVU6s) with vinylogous urethane (VU) bonds were prepared through a one-pot polymerization of a diglycerol dicyclic carbonate (DGDC) and a diglycerol tetraacetoacetate (DGTAA) with hexamethylenediamine (HDA). Thereinto, DGTAA was designed as a cross-linking agent to react with amino groups and form VU dynamic covalent bonds. Appropriate DGDC/DGTAA ratios and the incorporation of VU dynamic bonds enabled PDGVU6s to show good performance. The tensile strength of PDGVU6 films was high, up to 53.4 MPa. They exhibited relaxation activation energy from 36.55 to 97.52 kJ/mol, good third reprocessing efficiency up to 91.6%, good self-healing, shape-memory property, and closed-loop recycling. Moreover, the abundant polar bonds in PDGVU6s endowed them with good adhesive properties, achieving a maximum bonding strength of 7.39 MPa at room temperature. This novel biobased PHU vitrimers demonstrate outstanding advantages including superior mechanical properties, thermal stability, and closed-loop recycling property. This study establishes a sustainable pathway to the development of PHU vitrimers.
{"title":"Catalyst-Free, High-Strength, Reprocessable, and Closed-Loop Recycling Biobased Poly(β-Hydroxyurethane) Vitrimers with Vinylogous Urethane Segments","authors":"Yuanmeng Wang,Yao Qin,Xiaotong Guan,Jingbo Zhao","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04921","url":null,"abstract":"Biobased poly(β-hydroxyurethane) (PHU) vitrimers, as one important kind of nonisocyanate polyurethanes, have attracted widespread attention due to their remarkable benefits for sustainable development and green production. However, the balance between good mechanical properties and high reprocessing efficiency has not been well resolved, which affects their large-scale production and practical applications as substitutes for conventional isocyanate polyurethanes. In this study, a series of biobased PHU vitrimers (PDGVU6s) with vinylogous urethane (VU) bonds were prepared through a one-pot polymerization of a diglycerol dicyclic carbonate (DGDC) and a diglycerol tetraacetoacetate (DGTAA) with hexamethylenediamine (HDA). Thereinto, DGTAA was designed as a cross-linking agent to react with amino groups and form VU dynamic covalent bonds. Appropriate DGDC/DGTAA ratios and the incorporation of VU dynamic bonds enabled PDGVU6s to show good performance. The tensile strength of PDGVU6 films was high, up to 53.4 MPa. They exhibited relaxation activation energy from 36.55 to 97.52 kJ/mol, good third reprocessing efficiency up to 91.6%, good self-healing, shape-memory property, and closed-loop recycling. Moreover, the abundant polar bonds in PDGVU6s endowed them with good adhesive properties, achieving a maximum bonding strength of 7.39 MPa at room temperature. This novel biobased PHU vitrimers demonstrate outstanding advantages including superior mechanical properties, thermal stability, and closed-loop recycling property. This study establishes a sustainable pathway to the development of PHU vitrimers.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146152400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this research, Metformin/GO/Fe3O4 (MMGO) and GO/Fe3O4 (MGO) nanoparticles were synthesized and incorporated into PVC to fabricate novel MMGO/PVC and MGO/PVC nanocomposite membranes via casting for the removal of ampicillin (AMP) and humic acid (HA) from wastewater at 10 and 20 ppm. The synthesized membranes were characterized using FTIR, SEM, AFM, XRD, and contact angle analysis. Results showed that membranes modified with 0.5 wt % nanoparticles performed significantly better. The pure water flux increased from 223.44 kg/m2·h (bare PVC) to 467.58 kg/m2·h (MMGO/PVC). Rejection rates improved from 81.80% to 96.61% for HA and from 61.92% to 88.35% for AMP. The flux recovery ratio (FRR) increased from 72.74% to 96.20%. In long-term filtration, the flux of the pristine membrane declined by 39.8% after four cycles, while the MMGO/PVC membrane showed only a 5.7% reduction, demonstrating superior antifouling and stability for water treatment.
{"title":"Removal of Ampicillin and Humic Acid Using a Novel Synthetic Polyvinyl Chloride Ultrafiltration Membrane Modified by Magnetic Graphene Oxide/Metformin Hybrid Nanoparticles","authors":"Maliheh Arhami,Jafar Mahmoudi,Tahere Rajabzade Moziraji","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c02981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c02981","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, Metformin/GO/Fe3O4 (MMGO) and GO/Fe3O4 (MGO) nanoparticles were synthesized and incorporated into PVC to fabricate novel MMGO/PVC and MGO/PVC nanocomposite membranes via casting for the removal of ampicillin (AMP) and humic acid (HA) from wastewater at 10 and 20 ppm. The synthesized membranes were characterized using FTIR, SEM, AFM, XRD, and contact angle analysis. Results showed that membranes modified with 0.5 wt % nanoparticles performed significantly better. The pure water flux increased from 223.44 kg/m2·h (bare PVC) to 467.58 kg/m2·h (MMGO/PVC). Rejection rates improved from 81.80% to 96.61% for HA and from 61.92% to 88.35% for AMP. The flux recovery ratio (FRR) increased from 72.74% to 96.20%. In long-term filtration, the flux of the pristine membrane declined by 39.8% after four cycles, while the MMGO/PVC membrane showed only a 5.7% reduction, demonstrating superior antifouling and stability for water treatment.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146152406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The electrification of the chemical industry, powered by green electricity, offers an effective pathway toward decarbonization. Although induction heating is a promising approach for electrifying fluidized bed reactors, current applications of direct induction heating in such systems are limited by the relatively low achievable temperatures and reliance on large metal balls. Inspired by magnetized fluidized beds, this study explores the use of fine and cost-effective magnetic particles as heating elements for direct induction heating in a bubbling fluidized bed. The effects of operating methods, particle properties, and the addition of sand particles were systematically investigated. Using an intermittent heating method, the maximum temperature of the gas phase reached approximately 670 °C, which is sufficient for most pyrolysis or cracking processes. As the degree of oxidation increased, both magnetic permeability and electrical conductivity decreased, leading to a substantial reduction in bed temperature. Sand addition improved fluidization performance but decreased the gas temperature. Furthermore, the advantages of direct induction heating were demonstrated by comparing its gas-phase thermal response capability with that of indirect induction heating using a metal rod of equivalent weight. The bubbling fluidized bed using Fe powder as the heating element achieved a gas temperature 150–200 °C higher than that of the Fe rod system, owing to the much larger specific surface area of the Fe powder. Building on these findings, the concept of electro-magneto-fluidization (EMF) is proposed to describe the unique behavior of fluidized beds employing direct induction heating with magnetic particles, based on the principles of magneto-fluidization (MF) and electro-magneto-hydrodynamics (EMHD).
{"title":"Direct Heating of Fine Magnetic Particles in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed by Electromagnetic Induction","authors":"Hanbin Zhong,Yuxin Tan,Zhexu Chen,Liang Ding,Rui Zhou,Long Jiao,Ben Niu,Xiaogang Shi,Chengxiu Wang,Xingying Lan,Juntao Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04449","url":null,"abstract":"The electrification of the chemical industry, powered by green electricity, offers an effective pathway toward decarbonization. Although induction heating is a promising approach for electrifying fluidized bed reactors, current applications of direct induction heating in such systems are limited by the relatively low achievable temperatures and reliance on large metal balls. Inspired by magnetized fluidized beds, this study explores the use of fine and cost-effective magnetic particles as heating elements for direct induction heating in a bubbling fluidized bed. The effects of operating methods, particle properties, and the addition of sand particles were systematically investigated. Using an intermittent heating method, the maximum temperature of the gas phase reached approximately 670 °C, which is sufficient for most pyrolysis or cracking processes. As the degree of oxidation increased, both magnetic permeability and electrical conductivity decreased, leading to a substantial reduction in bed temperature. Sand addition improved fluidization performance but decreased the gas temperature. Furthermore, the advantages of direct induction heating were demonstrated by comparing its gas-phase thermal response capability with that of indirect induction heating using a metal rod of equivalent weight. The bubbling fluidized bed using Fe powder as the heating element achieved a gas temperature 150–200 °C higher than that of the Fe rod system, owing to the much larger specific surface area of the Fe powder. Building on these findings, the concept of electro-magneto-fluidization (EMF) is proposed to describe the unique behavior of fluidized beds employing direct induction heating with magnetic particles, based on the principles of magneto-fluidization (MF) and electro-magneto-hydrodynamics (EMHD).","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146152369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04556
Chen Zhang,Tianci Zheng,Kaitao Li,Xiaoqiang Huang,Siyao Zhang,Yating Yang,Yanan Liu,Yanjun Lin
The widely used polymer materials are flammable, producing smoke as the main cause of casualties in fires. However, research to improve the fire safety of polymers mainly focuses on the improvement of flame retardant properties with smoke suppression as mostly an attached function, resulting in poor performance. Herein, we report a novel strategy for catalytic smoke suppression by constructing active sites via LDH lattice confinement coupled with an in situ halogen capture and release process. Specifically, Zn2+ was accommodated in the LDH layer, further incorporated into PVC. PVC-released chlorine in combustion was in situ adsorbed by LDHs to form highly dispersed ZnCl2 active species. Relative to LDHs without Zn2+, smoke suppression performance was improved by 3 times. This is ascribed to ZnCl2 presence as an active site catalyzing the generation of trans-olefins and char cracking, helping to produce volatile aliphatic hydrocarbons and reducing smoke amount, as affirmed by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic characterizations and theoretical calculations.
{"title":"Efficient Catalytic Smoke Suppression for PVC by In Situ-Constructed ZnCl2 Species from Layered Double Hydroxide","authors":"Chen Zhang,Tianci Zheng,Kaitao Li,Xiaoqiang Huang,Siyao Zhang,Yating Yang,Yanan Liu,Yanjun Lin","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04556","url":null,"abstract":"The widely used polymer materials are flammable, producing smoke as the main cause of casualties in fires. However, research to improve the fire safety of polymers mainly focuses on the improvement of flame retardant properties with smoke suppression as mostly an attached function, resulting in poor performance. Herein, we report a novel strategy for catalytic smoke suppression by constructing active sites via LDH lattice confinement coupled with an in situ halogen capture and release process. Specifically, Zn2+ was accommodated in the LDH layer, further incorporated into PVC. PVC-released chlorine in combustion was in situ adsorbed by LDHs to form highly dispersed ZnCl2 active species. Relative to LDHs without Zn2+, smoke suppression performance was improved by 3 times. This is ascribed to ZnCl2 presence as an active site catalyzing the generation of trans-olefins and char cracking, helping to produce volatile aliphatic hydrocarbons and reducing smoke amount, as affirmed by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic characterizations and theoretical calculations.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146152371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5c03742
Jiayu Liu,Rui Min,Wenmao Zhang,Feng Du,Xin Jin,Chaohe Yang
Direct oxidation of sucrose to gluconic acid is important in the field of biomass conversion. However, the conversion of sucrose still poses challenges, primarily due to issues with catalyst activity and stability. In this work, we reported synergistic bimetallic AuCu/TiO2 catalysts for the facile oxidation of sucrose in an aqueous medium. The electronic coupling at the Au-CuO interface results in a record high productivity of gluconic acid (23,509 mol/molAu/h) at 100 °C in base-free medium. Surface characterization further reveals the insertion of Cu2+ species into the TiO2 matrix, resulting in a narrowing of the band gap and facilitating the activation of molecular O2 for aqueous oxidation of sucrose. The catalytic performances for bimetallic AuCu/TiO2 catalysts with varied particle sizes and compositions have been investigated, where it is found that the composition of CuO species in Au-CuO structures serves as the key factor determining the intrinsic activity of AuCu/TiO2 catalysts. This work provides valuable insights into the development of efficient catalysts regarding the conversion of sucrose into value-added chemicals for biorefineries.
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