Pub Date : 2025-04-15DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c03676
Qing Ma, Shihang Cao, Haoyang Wang, Yao Tang, Limei Liu, Enbo Xue, Ziyun Le, Xuyang Feng, Chenhua Wang, Litao Sun, Tobin J. Marks, Binghao Wang
Current toxic gas detection methods in industrial and environmental settings are limited by their reliance on manual monitoring and stationary sensors. Here, we present an autonomous mobile gas sensing system offering real-time monitoring and precise gas source localization without the need for human intervention. Room-temperature gas sensors based on high specific surface area indium gallium zinc oxide nanofibers (IGZO NFs) are developed, which exhibit low power consumption (∼0.5 mW), exceptional sensitivity (∼1290% ppb–1), and a low detection limit of 20 ppb for toxic NO2. When integrated into an autonomous mobile platform and supported by adaptive biologically inspired algorithms, the system exhibits a source localization efficiency of ∼1.5 m min–1, offering a remote, scalable, and efficient solution for detecting and localizing toxic gas leaks.
{"title":"Autonomous and Ultrasensitive Low-Power Metal Oxide Nanofiber Gas Sensor for Source Tracking and Localization","authors":"Qing Ma, Shihang Cao, Haoyang Wang, Yao Tang, Limei Liu, Enbo Xue, Ziyun Le, Xuyang Feng, Chenhua Wang, Litao Sun, Tobin J. Marks, Binghao Wang","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c03676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c03676","url":null,"abstract":"Current toxic gas detection methods in industrial and environmental settings are limited by their reliance on manual monitoring and stationary sensors. Here, we present an autonomous mobile gas sensing system offering real-time monitoring and precise gas source localization without the need for human intervention. Room-temperature gas sensors based on high specific surface area indium gallium zinc oxide nanofibers (IGZO NFs) are developed, which exhibit low power consumption (∼0.5 mW), exceptional sensitivity (∼1290% ppb<sup>–1</sup>), and a low detection limit of 20 ppb for toxic NO<sub>2</sub>. When integrated into an autonomous mobile platform and supported by adaptive biologically inspired algorithms, the system exhibits a source localization efficiency of ∼1.5 m min<sup>–1</sup>, offering a remote, scalable, and efficient solution for detecting and localizing toxic gas leaks.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-15DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c03633
Željko Janićijević, Larysa Baraban
The continuous advances in micro- and nanofabrication technologies have inevitably led to major improvements in field-effect transistor (FET) design and architecture, significantly reducing the component footprint and enabling highly efficient integration into many electronic devices. Combined efforts in the areas of materials science, life sciences, and electronic engineering have unlocked opportunities to create ultrasensitive FET chemo- and biosensor devices that are coupled with more diverse and complex integration requirements in terms of hardware interfacing, reproducible functionality, and handling of analyte samples. Integration of FET chemo- and biosensors remains one of the major bottlenecks in bridging the gap between fundamental research concepts and commercial sensing devices. In this review, we critically discuss different strategies and formats of integration in the context of key requirements, fabrication scalability, and device complexity. The intentions of this review are 1) to provide a practical overview of successful FET sensor integration approaches, 2) to identify crucial challenges and factors limiting the extent of FET sensor integration, and 3) to highlight promising perspectives for future developments of FET sensor integration. We believe that our structured insights will be helpful for scientists and engineers of various profiles focusing on the design and development of FET-based chemo- and biosensor devices.
{"title":"Integration Strategies and Formats in Field-Effect Transistor Chemo- and Biosensors: A Critical Review","authors":"Željko Janićijević, Larysa Baraban","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c03633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c03633","url":null,"abstract":"The continuous advances in micro- and nanofabrication technologies have inevitably led to major improvements in field-effect transistor (FET) design and architecture, significantly reducing the component footprint and enabling highly efficient integration into many electronic devices. Combined efforts in the areas of materials science, life sciences, and electronic engineering have unlocked opportunities to create ultrasensitive FET chemo- and biosensor devices that are coupled with more diverse and complex integration requirements in terms of hardware interfacing, reproducible functionality, and handling of analyte samples. Integration of FET chemo- and biosensors remains one of the major bottlenecks in bridging the gap between fundamental research concepts and commercial sensing devices. In this review, we critically discuss different strategies and formats of integration in the context of key requirements, fabrication scalability, and device complexity. The intentions of this review are 1) to provide a practical overview of successful FET sensor integration approaches, 2) to identify crucial challenges and factors limiting the extent of FET sensor integration, and 3) to highlight promising perspectives for future developments of FET sensor integration. We believe that our structured insights will be helpful for scientists and engineers of various profiles focusing on the design and development of FET-based chemo- and biosensor devices.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"74 5 Pt 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) in battery systems are crucial indicators for evaluating battery performance, playing a vital role in ensuring the normal operation of battery systems. In this study, a phase-sensitive optical frequency domain reflectometer was employed for real-time monitoring of strain fields in lithium battery anodes. Distributed strain and strain rate data were used as inputs to a feedforward neural network for predicting battery SOC. The results showed that the predictive accuracy of distributed strain data (98.3%) significantly outperformed single-point predictions (88.8%), demonstrating comparable accuracy (98.5%) to predictions based on electrical parameters (current, voltage). Additionally, features such as maximum strain in a single cycle and cumulative residual strain during cycling were utilized. A long short-term memory recurrent neural network was employed to predict battery SOH, achieving a prediction accuracy of 96.3%. The use of purely strain data enabled high-precision prediction of SOC and SOH without requiring any electrical information during battery operation. Moreover, the principle of distributed measurement allows simultaneous measurement of individual or multiple battery packs, thereby offering robust support for future battery system management.
{"title":"Lithium-Ion Battery State Estimation Based on Anode Strain Field Reconstitution Utilizing Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry","authors":"Kaijun Liu, Zhijuan Zou, Guolu Yin, Yingze Song, Zeheng Zhang, Yuyang Lou, Huafeng Lu, Duidui Li, Tao Zhu","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c00435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c00435","url":null,"abstract":"The state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) in battery systems are crucial indicators for evaluating battery performance, playing a vital role in ensuring the normal operation of battery systems. In this study, a phase-sensitive optical frequency domain reflectometer was employed for real-time monitoring of strain fields in lithium battery anodes. Distributed strain and strain rate data were used as inputs to a feedforward neural network for predicting battery SOC. The results showed that the predictive accuracy of distributed strain data (98.3%) significantly outperformed single-point predictions (88.8%), demonstrating comparable accuracy (98.5%) to predictions based on electrical parameters (current, voltage). Additionally, features such as maximum strain in a single cycle and cumulative residual strain during cycling were utilized. A long short-term memory recurrent neural network was employed to predict battery SOH, achieving a prediction accuracy of 96.3%. The use of purely strain data enabled high-precision prediction of SOC and SOH without requiring any electrical information during battery operation. Moreover, the principle of distributed measurement allows simultaneous measurement of individual or multiple battery packs, thereby offering robust support for future battery system management.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"215 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-14DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c03681
Qikun Wei, Daniel Rojas, Qianyu Wang, Ruben Zapata-Pérez, Xing Xuan, Águeda Molinero-Fernández, Gastón A. Crespo, María Cuartero
Accurate temperature monitoring plays a crucial role in understanding the physiological status of patients and the early diagnosis of diseases commonly associated with local and global infections. Intradermal temperature measurement is, in principle, more precise than skin surface detection, as it prevents interference from environmental temperature changes and skin secretions. However, to date, precise and reliable intradermal temperature monitoring in a real-time and continuous manner remains a challenge. We propose herein high-resolution 3D printing to fabricate a mechanically robust and biocompatible hollow microneedle, filled with a temperature-responsive conducting polymer (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrenesulfonate, PEDOT:PSS) to develop a microneedle temperature sensor (T-MN). The significance is 2-fold: rational design of robust MNs with high resolution in the micrometer domain and the implementation of a conducting polymer in a MN format for temperature sensing. The analytical performance of the developed T-MN is in vitro evaluated under mimicked intradermal conditions, demonstrating good sensitivity (−0.74%° C–1), resolution (0.2 °C), repeatability (RSD = 2%), reproducibility (RSD = 2%), reversibility, and medium-term stability. On-body temperature monitoring is performed on six euthanized rats for 80 min. The results presented good agreement with those obtained using a commercial optical temperature probe, which was intradermally inserted into the rat skin. The reliability of utilizing the T-MN for precise and continuous intradermal temperature monitoring was successfully demonstrated, noting its potential use for patient monitoring in the near future but also temperature compensation for MN (bio)sensors that may need it.
{"title":"Wearable 3D-Printed Microneedle Sensor for Intradermal Temperature Monitoring","authors":"Qikun Wei, Daniel Rojas, Qianyu Wang, Ruben Zapata-Pérez, Xing Xuan, Águeda Molinero-Fernández, Gastón A. Crespo, María Cuartero","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c03681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c03681","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate temperature monitoring plays a crucial role in understanding the physiological status of patients and the early diagnosis of diseases commonly associated with local and global infections. Intradermal temperature measurement is, in principle, more precise than skin surface detection, as it prevents interference from environmental temperature changes and skin secretions. However, to date, precise and reliable intradermal temperature monitoring in a real-time and continuous manner remains a challenge. We propose herein high-resolution 3D printing to fabricate a mechanically robust and biocompatible hollow microneedle, filled with a temperature-responsive conducting polymer (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrenesulfonate, PEDOT:PSS) to develop a microneedle temperature sensor (T-MN). The significance is 2-fold: rational design of robust MNs with high resolution in the micrometer domain and the implementation of a conducting polymer in a MN format for temperature sensing. The analytical performance of the developed T-MN is in vitro evaluated under mimicked intradermal conditions, demonstrating good sensitivity (−0.74%° C<sup>–1</sup>), resolution (0.2 °C), repeatability (RSD = 2%), reproducibility (RSD = 2%), reversibility, and medium-term stability. On-body temperature monitoring is performed on six euthanized rats for 80 min. The results presented good agreement with those obtained using a commercial optical temperature probe, which was intradermally inserted into the rat skin. The reliability of utilizing the T-MN for precise and continuous intradermal temperature monitoring was successfully demonstrated, noting its potential use for patient monitoring in the near future but also temperature compensation for MN (bio)sensors that may need it.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-12DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c02841
Di Wei, Yingshu Dai, Xixian Yan, Daoguo Lan, Jiayang Liao, Zhengbang Qin, Nanyan Fu
Pyroptosis, often referred to as inflammatory necrosis, is a type of programmed cell death, characterized by the swelling of cells until the cell membranes rupture, resulting in the release of intracellular substances and a strong inflammatory response. Lipid droplets and mitochondria play important roles in cellular activities. A strong correlation exists between pyroptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction, which can be reflected through physiological functions and involves changes in the mitochondrial microenvironment and morphology. In this work, a “double-responsive” and “dual-targeted” fluorescent probe named WD-2 was constructed. It has excellent response performance to viscosity and ONOO–, and can simultaneously monitor the relevant levels in lipid droplets and mitochondria. Its remarkable targeting ability toward mitochondria and lipid droplets has been verified through colocalization experiments. In cell imaging experiments, the interaction between mitochondria and lipid droplets during nutritional stress was preliminarily studied. With the help of doxorubicin hydrochloride, the changes in the level of ONOO– in mitochondria during pyroptosis were explored, providing a new perspective for understanding the mechanism of this process.
{"title":"A Novel “Double-Responsive” and “Dual-Targeted” Multifunctional Fluorescent Probe Monitors the Level Changes of ONOO– in Mitochondria during Cell Pyroptosis","authors":"Di Wei, Yingshu Dai, Xixian Yan, Daoguo Lan, Jiayang Liao, Zhengbang Qin, Nanyan Fu","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c02841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c02841","url":null,"abstract":"Pyroptosis, often referred to as inflammatory necrosis, is a type of programmed cell death, characterized by the swelling of cells until the cell membranes rupture, resulting in the release of intracellular substances and a strong inflammatory response. Lipid droplets and mitochondria play important roles in cellular activities. A strong correlation exists between pyroptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction, which can be reflected through physiological functions and involves changes in the mitochondrial microenvironment and morphology. In this work, a “double-responsive” and “dual-targeted” fluorescent probe named <b>WD-2</b> was constructed. It has excellent response performance to viscosity and ONOO<sup>–</sup>, and can simultaneously monitor the relevant levels in lipid droplets and mitochondria. Its remarkable targeting ability toward mitochondria and lipid droplets has been verified through colocalization experiments. In cell imaging experiments, the interaction between mitochondria and lipid droplets during nutritional stress was preliminarily studied. With the help of doxorubicin hydrochloride, the changes in the level of ONOO<sup>–</sup> in mitochondria during pyroptosis were explored, providing a new perspective for understanding the mechanism of this process.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-11DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c01892
Ane I. Aranburu, Mikel Elorza, Pablo R.G. Valle, Ariadna Pazos, Alexey Brodolin, Pablo Herrero-Gómez, J. Eduardo Barcelon, Gabriel Molina-Terriza, Francesc Monrabal, Celia Rogero, Fernando P. Cossío, Juan José Gómez-Cadenas, Claire Tonnelé, Zoraida Freixa, the NEXT Collaboration
We present a new time-resolved chemosensor for the detection of Ba2+ ions. Our sensor is based on an iridium(III) compound with dual (fluorescent and phosphorescent) emission. The nature of the luminescence response of the sensor depends on its state; specifically, the phosphorescence emission of the free state at long wavelengths is strongly suppressed, while that of the Ba2+-chelated compound is strongly enhanced. Furthermore, the residual phosphorescence emission of the free compound decays with two short decay constants, τfree1 ∼ 3.5 ns (88%) and τfree2 ∼ 209 ns (12%), while the chelated compound decays with two long decay constants, τbound1 ∼ 429 ns (21%) and τbound2 ∼ 1128 ns (76%). This exceptional behavior, supported by quantum chemical calculations, allows a time-based separation between the signals of the free and the chelated species. Among other applications, our sensor could be the basis of a Ba2+ tagging detector for neutrinoless double beta decay searches in xenon.
{"title":"Iridium-Based Time-Resolved Luminescent Sensor for Ba2+ Detection","authors":"Ane I. Aranburu, Mikel Elorza, Pablo R.G. Valle, Ariadna Pazos, Alexey Brodolin, Pablo Herrero-Gómez, J. Eduardo Barcelon, Gabriel Molina-Terriza, Francesc Monrabal, Celia Rogero, Fernando P. Cossío, Juan José Gómez-Cadenas, Claire Tonnelé, Zoraida Freixa, the NEXT Collaboration","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c01892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c01892","url":null,"abstract":"We present a new time-resolved chemosensor for the detection of Ba<sup>2+</sup> ions. Our sensor is based on an iridium(III) compound with dual (fluorescent and phosphorescent) emission. The nature of the luminescence response of the sensor depends on its state; specifically, the phosphorescence emission of the free state at long wavelengths is strongly suppressed, while that of the Ba<sup>2+</sup>-chelated compound is strongly enhanced. Furthermore, the residual phosphorescence emission of the free compound decays with two short decay constants, τ<sub>free</sub><sup>1</sup> ∼ 3.5 ns (88%) and τ<sub>free</sub><sup>2</sup> ∼ 209 ns (12%), while the chelated compound decays with two long decay constants, τ<sub>bound</sub><sup>1</sup> ∼ 429 ns (21%) and τ<sub>bound</sub><sup>2</sup> ∼ 1128 ns (76%). This exceptional behavior, supported by quantum chemical calculations, allows a time-based separation between the signals of the free and the chelated species. Among other applications, our sensor could be the basis of a Ba<sup>2+</sup> tagging detector for neutrinoless double beta decay searches in xenon.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-11DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c03250
Parisa Dehghani, Mostafa Salehirozveh, Ataollah Tajabadi, Chi Chung Yeung, Michael Lam, Hing Y. Leung, Vellaisamy A. L. Roy
Prostate cancer (PCa), the second most common cancer in men, demands effective early detection strategies. Elevated spermine levels in the prostate tissue contrast with decreased urinary concentrations in PCa patients. Here, we present a novel sensing platform combining differential pulse voltammetry and an extended gate field-effect transistor (EGFET) with a molecularly imprinted polymer|molecular imprinting (MIP) nanofilm for selective and sensitive spermine detection. Key advancements include successfully constructing and characterizing a pseudoreference electrode and a precisely engineered analyte binding interface. The Ag/AgCl pseudoreference electrode exhibited high reliability and reproducibility, optimized to enhance conductivity and minimize interference noises. Electrochemical analysis confirmed successful MIP modification, creating a precise 3D-imprinted binding interface. The platform accurately quantified spermine in artificial urine across concentrations from 0.1 to 1000 ng/mL, achieving a detection limit of 1.23 ng/mL. High selectivity was demonstrated against competing polyamines such as spermidine and histamine. Analysis of electrical properties indicated that spermine binding induced changes in surface potential, altering the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor threshold voltage and validating the system’s sensitivity. The system’s superior performance was confirmed with a high imprinting factor (IF ≈ 4.1) and sensitivity 10 times higher compared to nonimprinted polymers. Hill–Langmuir analysis confirmed a strong binding affinity to spermine. Clinical validation using human urine samples from PCa diagnostic evaluations demonstrated high consistency with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, exhibiting an excellent linear correlation (R2 = 0.97) without statistically significant differences (p-value <0.0001). This study introduces a robust, miniaturized, and cost-effective EGFET-based sensor for spermine detection, offering substantial potential for clinical diagnostics and PCa biomarker monitoring.
{"title":"Next-Gen Point-of-Care Tool for Ultra-Sensitive Detection of Urinary Spermine for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis","authors":"Parisa Dehghani, Mostafa Salehirozveh, Ataollah Tajabadi, Chi Chung Yeung, Michael Lam, Hing Y. Leung, Vellaisamy A. L. Roy","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c03250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c03250","url":null,"abstract":"Prostate cancer (PCa), the second most common cancer in men, demands effective early detection strategies. Elevated spermine levels in the prostate tissue contrast with decreased urinary concentrations in PCa patients. Here, we present a novel sensing platform combining differential pulse voltammetry and an extended gate field-effect transistor (EGFET) with a molecularly imprinted polymer|molecular imprinting (MIP) nanofilm for selective and sensitive spermine detection. Key advancements include successfully constructing and characterizing a pseudoreference electrode and a precisely engineered analyte binding interface. The Ag/AgCl pseudoreference electrode exhibited high reliability and reproducibility, optimized to enhance conductivity and minimize interference noises. Electrochemical analysis confirmed successful MIP modification, creating a precise 3D-imprinted binding interface. The platform accurately quantified spermine in artificial urine across concentrations from 0.1 to 1000 ng/mL, achieving a detection limit of 1.23 ng/mL. High selectivity was demonstrated against competing polyamines such as spermidine and histamine. Analysis of electrical properties indicated that spermine binding induced changes in surface potential, altering the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor threshold voltage and validating the system’s sensitivity. The system’s superior performance was confirmed with a high imprinting factor (IF ≈ 4.1) and sensitivity 10 times higher compared to nonimprinted polymers. Hill–Langmuir analysis confirmed a strong binding affinity to spermine. Clinical validation using human urine samples from PCa diagnostic evaluations demonstrated high consistency with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, exhibiting an excellent linear correlation (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.97) without statistically significant differences (<i>p</i>-value <0.0001). This study introduces a robust, miniaturized, and cost-effective EGFET-based sensor for spermine detection, offering substantial potential for clinical diagnostics and PCa biomarker monitoring.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noninvasive detection sensors for comfort and moisture absorption are popular for personalized health monitoring, yet integrated sensors that enable the on-demand detection of both physical and chemical indexes remain significantly challenging. Herein, we report a multifunctional fiber-based flexible sensing yarn for improved electrochemical and resistance sensing performance for in situ sweat activating and monitoring of body motion as well as the distinct color variation derived from the pH of sweat. The core–shell structure of the composite yarn (TSY) consists of a core layer of direct wet-spun twisted polyurethane fibers mixed with carbon black and a hydrophilic fiber layer of conductive zinc wires and colored lyocell fiber through the braiding method. The internal confined space between the core–shell layers can induce ion enrichment in sweat, enhancing the electrochemical sensing ability in capturing 0.5 μL of sweat, while the space-separated design can further isolate the interference so that pH and motion can be analyzed. Additionally, the colored hydrophilic lyocell fiber can transmit visual signals by the variance of color derived from the characterization of natural dyes in the process of adsorption of sweat. The designed TSY represents a promising integrated system capable of real-time monitoring of the chemical composition of sweat and the exercise conditions of movement.
{"title":"Flexible and Stretchable Electrochemical Sensor Merging the Multifunction of Monitoring Movement and Rapid Visual Signal Transmission","authors":"Sijie Zhou, Wanjin Hu, Xiaofeng Wang, Mengyao Cai, Xinjie Wei, Jieyao Qin, Xuelin Wang, Zhuan Fu, Junyao Gong, Chunhua Zhang, Weilin Xu, Liangjun Xia","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c03709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c03709","url":null,"abstract":"Noninvasive detection sensors for comfort and moisture absorption are popular for personalized health monitoring, yet integrated sensors that enable the on-demand detection of both physical and chemical indexes remain significantly challenging. Herein, we report a multifunctional fiber-based flexible sensing yarn for improved electrochemical and resistance sensing performance for in situ sweat activating and monitoring of body motion as well as the distinct color variation derived from the pH of sweat. The core–shell structure of the composite yarn (TSY) consists of a core layer of direct wet-spun twisted polyurethane fibers mixed with carbon black and a hydrophilic fiber layer of conductive zinc wires and colored lyocell fiber through the braiding method. The internal confined space between the core–shell layers can induce ion enrichment in sweat, enhancing the electrochemical sensing ability in capturing 0.5 μL of sweat, while the space-separated design can further isolate the interference so that pH and motion can be analyzed. Additionally, the colored hydrophilic lyocell fiber can transmit visual signals by the variance of color derived from the characterization of natural dyes in the process of adsorption of sweat. The designed TSY represents a promising integrated system capable of real-time monitoring of the chemical composition of sweat and the exercise conditions of movement.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-11DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.5c00198
Fei Yang, Xiuzhu Huo, Xiaoyu Fu, Xiaoyu Wang, Ye Liu, Zisheng Guo, Jiao Chen, Mengyao She, Jianli Li
Hard-healing wounds are a serious issue faced by diabetic patients, and the cellular autophagy level is closely related to the wound healing progress. However, it is difficult to monitor the real-time autophagy levels in living organisms. In this work, we provided a new autophagy fluorescent sensor IN-NH2 based on the modification of 2-substituted quinoline, giving an excellent ability to quantify the pH fluctuation in lysosomes during autophagy. This sensor was successfully applied in the real-time monitoring of autophagy levels in a wound healing model of diabetic rats, showing potential for exploring the internal mechanism between autophagy and disease progression.
{"title":"Ratiometric Fluorescent Sensors for Real-Time Monitoring Cellular Autophagy Levels during Diabetic Wound Healing","authors":"Fei Yang, Xiuzhu Huo, Xiaoyu Fu, Xiaoyu Wang, Ye Liu, Zisheng Guo, Jiao Chen, Mengyao She, Jianli Li","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c00198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c00198","url":null,"abstract":"Hard-healing wounds are a serious issue faced by diabetic patients, and the cellular autophagy level is closely related to the wound healing progress. However, it is difficult to monitor the real-time autophagy levels in living organisms. In this work, we provided a new autophagy fluorescent sensor <b>IN-NH</b><sub><b>2</b></sub> based on the modification of 2-substituted quinoline, giving an excellent ability to quantify the pH fluctuation in lysosomes during autophagy. This sensor was successfully applied in the real-time monitoring of autophagy levels in a wound healing model of diabetic rats, showing potential for exploring the internal mechanism between autophagy and disease progression.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flexible flexion sensors are attracting attention due to their wide range of applications. It is urgent to develop a flexible sensor matrix to detect strain distribution on curved surfaces for object surface posture reconstruction, fault detection, and predictive maintenance. Herein, a convenient and universal method for preparing a flexible flexion sensor matrix is proposed using a versatile screen-printing technique. Compared to traditional thin film configurations, this process improved the sensitivity by introducing multiple interfaces and can be used for the fabrication of large-area flexion sensor matrix with high stability and consistency. The prepared flexible flexion sensors performed with a low detection limit (0.07%), a remarkable gauge factor (>50), and high stability (no apparent decay after 2000 bending–releasing cycles). We also demonstrated their applications in monitoring human body movement and gesture recognition. The sensors were integrated into a data glove for real-time robotic arm control, and achieved an accuracy rate of over 96% in recognizing various gestures with a neural network model. A large area flexible flexion sensor matrix (8 × 8) was fabricated by full-printing technique and enables simultaneous monitoring of multiposition bending states, which has significant potential in real-time tracking the strain distribution in bendable and curved surfaces.
{"title":"Large Area and Flexible Flexion Sensing Matrix for Detection of Strain Distribution in Bendable and Curved Surface","authors":"Huihui Ma, Weiwei Li, Qixuan Zhu, Yunqiang Cao, Manzhang Xu, Yuxuan Xu, Siying Dang, Zihao Xu, Gaojie Chen, Lu Zheng, Xuewen Wang, Wei Huang","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c00153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c00153","url":null,"abstract":"Flexible flexion sensors are attracting attention due to their wide range of applications. It is urgent to develop a flexible sensor matrix to detect strain distribution on curved surfaces for object surface posture reconstruction, fault detection, and predictive maintenance. Herein, a convenient and universal method for preparing a flexible flexion sensor matrix is proposed using a versatile screen-printing technique. Compared to traditional thin film configurations, this process improved the sensitivity by introducing multiple interfaces and can be used for the fabrication of large-area flexion sensor matrix with high stability and consistency. The prepared flexible flexion sensors performed with a low detection limit (0.07%), a remarkable gauge factor (>50), and high stability (no apparent decay after 2000 bending–releasing cycles). We also demonstrated their applications in monitoring human body movement and gesture recognition. The sensors were integrated into a data glove for real-time robotic arm control, and achieved an accuracy rate of over 96% in recognizing various gestures with a neural network model. A large area flexible flexion sensor matrix (8 × 8) was fabricated by full-printing technique and enables simultaneous monitoring of multiposition bending states, which has significant potential in real-time tracking the strain distribution in bendable and curved surfaces.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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