{"title":"Toward Socially Responsive Ambient Air Quality Monitoring in the Era of Distributed Sensing","authors":"Naomi Zimmerman","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6c01858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c01858","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinyuan Wu,Zining Zou,Yaoyin Zhang,Yu Liu,Yunhang Wang,Xinghang Jiang,Qiong Li,Xiaofei Wang,Kan Huang,Ganesh S. Chelluboyina,Rajan K. Chakrabarty,Alexander Laskin,Hongbo Fu
Aromatic compounds (ACs) are key brown carbon constituents, yet their radiative forcing (RF) in high-elevation regions remains poorly constrained. Here, we report year-round characterization of ACs (nitrated phenols (NPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and nitrated PAHs (NPAHs)) in PM2.5 at Mt. Gongga, Tibetan Plateau (TP). AC concentrations were higher in the dry season (1.38 vs 0.94 ng m–3), but mass absorption coefficients at 365 nm (MAC365) peaked in the wet season from higher aerosol liquid water content and elevated pH. Clear-sky direct RF (DRF) was positive in the wet season (5.7 × 10–4 W m–2) driven by NPs (single scattering albedo (SSA) = 0.81; imaginary part (k) = 0.055 at 365 nm) and stronger in the dry season (6.8 × 10–3 W m–2) due to higher AC concentrations and solar radiation. Under all-sky conditions, multiple scattering further amplifies DRF, highlighting the cloud modulation of BrC climatic effects. Dry-season biomass-burning transport from South and Central Asia enhanced AC deposition, elevating median snow RF ∼19-fold (4.6 × 10–4 vs 8.6 × 10–3 W m–2) through snow darkening and aging. Overall, trace ACs over the TP exert dual radiative impacts through atmospheric heating and cryospheric forcing via long-range transport and deposition.
{"title":"Molecular-Specific Aromatic Compounds Absorption Drives Divergent Radiative Forcing in High-Altitude Air and Snow over the Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Xinyuan Wu,Zining Zou,Yaoyin Zhang,Yu Liu,Yunhang Wang,Xinghang Jiang,Qiong Li,Xiaofei Wang,Kan Huang,Ganesh S. Chelluboyina,Rajan K. Chakrabarty,Alexander Laskin,Hongbo Fu","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c16974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c16974","url":null,"abstract":"Aromatic compounds (ACs) are key brown carbon constituents, yet their radiative forcing (RF) in high-elevation regions remains poorly constrained. Here, we report year-round characterization of ACs (nitrated phenols (NPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and nitrated PAHs (NPAHs)) in PM2.5 at Mt. Gongga, Tibetan Plateau (TP). AC concentrations were higher in the dry season (1.38 vs 0.94 ng m–3), but mass absorption coefficients at 365 nm (MAC365) peaked in the wet season from higher aerosol liquid water content and elevated pH. Clear-sky direct RF (DRF) was positive in the wet season (5.7 × 10–4 W m–2) driven by NPs (single scattering albedo (SSA) = 0.81; imaginary part (k) = 0.055 at 365 nm) and stronger in the dry season (6.8 × 10–3 W m–2) due to higher AC concentrations and solar radiation. Under all-sky conditions, multiple scattering further amplifies DRF, highlighting the cloud modulation of BrC climatic effects. Dry-season biomass-burning transport from South and Central Asia enhanced AC deposition, elevating median snow RF ∼19-fold (4.6 × 10–4 vs 8.6 × 10–3 W m–2) through snow darkening and aging. Overall, trace ACs over the TP exert dual radiative impacts through atmospheric heating and cryospheric forcing via long-range transport and deposition.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"241 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siqi Sun,Yingying Sun,Andrew S. Kinsela,Yunyi Zhu,Nikky LaBranche,Sheng Chen,T. David Waite
Exposure to respirable and inhalable dust from engineered stone is linked to lung diseases such as silicosis and COPD, yet the physicochemical properties affecting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) remain unclear. Here, 41 physicochemical properties were characterized across 30 dust samples and evaluated for associations with EMT progression in A549 lung epithelial cells after 24-h exposure. EMT was assessed using three hallmarks: E-cadherin downregulation, vimentin upregulation, and α-SMA upregulation. A hybrid feature selection strategy combining correlation filtering with LassoLarsCV reduced feature redundancy and improved model robustness. The selected features were modeled using optimized regressors (Extreme Gradient Boosting regressor for E-cadherin and Vimentin; Support Vector Machine for α-SMA), and SHAP analysis quantified each property’s contribution. Crystalline silica emerged as the most influential factor, showing negative associations with E-cadherin and positive associations with Vimentin and α-SMA. In contrast, sodium-, aluminum-, and rutile-bearing components were associated with lower EMT progression, likely reflecting their occurrence within less reactive mineral phases than crystalline silica. Specific surface area and absolute ζ potential were positively associated with the EMT, indicating enhanced particle-cell interactions and surface-related signaling. These findings establish a framework for linking dust physicochemical characteristics to marker-specific EMT responses and demonstrate the effectiveness of interpretable machine learning for particulate toxicity assessment.
{"title":"Identification of Key Physicochemical Characteristics Which Influence Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Lung Cells after Exposure to Engineered and Natural Stone Dusts via a Hybrid Machine Learning Approach","authors":"Siqi Sun,Yingying Sun,Andrew S. Kinsela,Yunyi Zhu,Nikky LaBranche,Sheng Chen,T. David Waite","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c14999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c14999","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to respirable and inhalable dust from engineered stone is linked to lung diseases such as silicosis and COPD, yet the physicochemical properties affecting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) remain unclear. Here, 41 physicochemical properties were characterized across 30 dust samples and evaluated for associations with EMT progression in A549 lung epithelial cells after 24-h exposure. EMT was assessed using three hallmarks: E-cadherin downregulation, vimentin upregulation, and α-SMA upregulation. A hybrid feature selection strategy combining correlation filtering with LassoLarsCV reduced feature redundancy and improved model robustness. The selected features were modeled using optimized regressors (Extreme Gradient Boosting regressor for E-cadherin and Vimentin; Support Vector Machine for α-SMA), and SHAP analysis quantified each property’s contribution. Crystalline silica emerged as the most influential factor, showing negative associations with E-cadherin and positive associations with Vimentin and α-SMA. In contrast, sodium-, aluminum-, and rutile-bearing components were associated with lower EMT progression, likely reflecting their occurrence within less reactive mineral phases than crystalline silica. Specific surface area and absolute ζ potential were positively associated with the EMT, indicating enhanced particle-cell interactions and surface-related signaling. These findings establish a framework for linking dust physicochemical characteristics to marker-specific EMT responses and demonstrate the effectiveness of interpretable machine learning for particulate toxicity assessment.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jarod C. Kelly,Amgad Elgowainy,Ram Vijayagopal,Matteo Muratori,Ian Sutherland,Hoseinali Borhan,Hyung Chul Kim,Marcus Alexander
This study presents a cradle-to-grave lifecycle analysis of energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for U.S. medium- and heavy-duty vehicles across current (2021) and future (2035) technologies using the Greenhouse gas, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Technologies (GREET) model with industry-vetted assumptions. Results vary across vehicle classes but point to common trends: today, battery electric vehicles (BEVs) offer significant (10–60%) GHG emissions reduction compared to diesel internal combustion engine vehicles and are the lowest emissions option per ton-mile of cargo movement, followed by hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) (5–50% emissions reduction). Emissions savings depend largely on the duty cycle and fuel economy of the vehicle type. Future vehicle technology advancements result in comparable emission reductions associated with BEVs and hydrogen FCEVs. Weight-limited BEV trucks see less per-ton-mile emissions reduction due to the impact of battery weight on increased vehicle weight and reduced payload capacity. By 2035, improvements in vehicle efficiency can reduce emissions across all powertrains. However, very low levels of emissions require switching vehicles’ use-phase fuel/energy to low-carbon fuels and electricity. Renewable diesel, e-fuels, hydrogen produced from natural gas with carbon capture and storage or renewables, and use of low-carbon electricity can all achieve over 70% reduction in GHG emissions from the current day diesel-based internal combustion engine vehicle.
{"title":"Cradle-to-Grave Lifecycle Analysis of U.S. Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicle-Fuel Pathways: A Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment of Current (2021) and Future (2035) Technologies","authors":"Jarod C. Kelly,Amgad Elgowainy,Ram Vijayagopal,Matteo Muratori,Ian Sutherland,Hoseinali Borhan,Hyung Chul Kim,Marcus Alexander","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c10480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c10480","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a cradle-to-grave lifecycle analysis of energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for U.S. medium- and heavy-duty vehicles across current (2021) and future (2035) technologies using the Greenhouse gas, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Technologies (GREET) model with industry-vetted assumptions. Results vary across vehicle classes but point to common trends: today, battery electric vehicles (BEVs) offer significant (10–60%) GHG emissions reduction compared to diesel internal combustion engine vehicles and are the lowest emissions option per ton-mile of cargo movement, followed by hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) (5–50% emissions reduction). Emissions savings depend largely on the duty cycle and fuel economy of the vehicle type. Future vehicle technology advancements result in comparable emission reductions associated with BEVs and hydrogen FCEVs. Weight-limited BEV trucks see less per-ton-mile emissions reduction due to the impact of battery weight on increased vehicle weight and reduced payload capacity. By 2035, improvements in vehicle efficiency can reduce emissions across all powertrains. However, very low levels of emissions require switching vehicles’ use-phase fuel/energy to low-carbon fuels and electricity. Renewable diesel, e-fuels, hydrogen produced from natural gas with carbon capture and storage or renewables, and use of low-carbon electricity can all achieve over 70% reduction in GHG emissions from the current day diesel-based internal combustion engine vehicle.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tao Zhang,Henglin Zhang,Tianhui Zhao,Shiming Song,Jiye Zhang,Luhan Yang,Fengchang Wu
Neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs) are globally prevalent environmental contaminants. However, their biological half-lives in humans remain poorly characterized. This study employed a controlled mouse pharmacokinetic experiment with human biomonitoring data to elucidate key parameters for selected NEOs. Human biomonitoring provided renal clearance (CLrenal), while controlled mice experiment provided the volume of distribution (Vd); these were combined to estimate the biological half-life. Analysis of 172 paired human urine and blood samples revealed that CLrenal varied substantially among parent NEOs (median: 9.04 to 158 mL/day/kg) and exhibited a distinct structure-dependency. The CLrenal of fused, bicyclic NEOs (i.e., imidacloprid (IMI), thiacloprid (THD), and thiamethoxam (THM)) was governed by water solubility, while that of their nonfused, monocyclic systems (i.e., acetamiprid (ACE), clothianidin (CLO), and dinotefuran (DIN)) was determined by lipophilicity. A one-compartment log–linear regression analysis of intravenous mice data provided robust estimates of Vd, which ranged from 306 to 700 mL/kg body weight for ACE, IMI, and DIN. By combining Vd with human CLrenal, the extrapolated median biological half-life for ACE, IMI, and DIN were 15.5, 24.8, and 53.7 days, respectively, indicating significant potential for bioaccumulation in humans. Uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these prolonged estimates, yielding 95% confidence intervals of 5.53 (ACE) to 157 (DIN) days, with even the most conservative scenario giving a range of 5.17 (ACE) to 17.9 (DIN) days. The prolonged half-life of NEOs indicates a significant potential for bioaccumulation in humans upon continuous exposure, which warrants further investigation regarding its implications for human health risk assessment.
{"title":"Combining Biomonitoring Data and a Pharmacokinetic Model to Estimate the Extended Half-Life of Neonicotinoid Insecticides in Humans","authors":"Tao Zhang,Henglin Zhang,Tianhui Zhao,Shiming Song,Jiye Zhang,Luhan Yang,Fengchang Wu","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c18046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c18046","url":null,"abstract":"Neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs) are globally prevalent environmental contaminants. However, their biological half-lives in humans remain poorly characterized. This study employed a controlled mouse pharmacokinetic experiment with human biomonitoring data to elucidate key parameters for selected NEOs. Human biomonitoring provided renal clearance (CLrenal), while controlled mice experiment provided the volume of distribution (Vd); these were combined to estimate the biological half-life. Analysis of 172 paired human urine and blood samples revealed that CLrenal varied substantially among parent NEOs (median: 9.04 to 158 mL/day/kg) and exhibited a distinct structure-dependency. The CLrenal of fused, bicyclic NEOs (i.e., imidacloprid (IMI), thiacloprid (THD), and thiamethoxam (THM)) was governed by water solubility, while that of their nonfused, monocyclic systems (i.e., acetamiprid (ACE), clothianidin (CLO), and dinotefuran (DIN)) was determined by lipophilicity. A one-compartment log–linear regression analysis of intravenous mice data provided robust estimates of Vd, which ranged from 306 to 700 mL/kg body weight for ACE, IMI, and DIN. By combining Vd with human CLrenal, the extrapolated median biological half-life for ACE, IMI, and DIN were 15.5, 24.8, and 53.7 days, respectively, indicating significant potential for bioaccumulation in humans. Uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these prolonged estimates, yielding 95% confidence intervals of 5.53 (ACE) to 157 (DIN) days, with even the most conservative scenario giving a range of 5.17 (ACE) to 17.9 (DIN) days. The prolonged half-life of NEOs indicates a significant potential for bioaccumulation in humans upon continuous exposure, which warrants further investigation regarding its implications for human health risk assessment.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bin Lu,Yueming Lucy Qiu,Zhaohua Wang,Bo Wang,Kaifang Luo,Pengfei Liu,Yingdan Mei,Bin Zhang,Jingyun Li
Hydrogen is expected to play a key role in the sustainable decarbonization of energy systems. While hydrogen may provide global public good for reducing carbon emissions, it is important to quantify its potential impact on local communities for ensuring equitable and socially accepted energy transitions. This study quantifies the effects of hydrogen infrastructure on nearby communities by using a high-resolution panel of residential property transactions in California from 2012 to 2021. The analysis incorporates three types of hydrogen infrastructure: hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs), hydrogen production facilities (HPFs), and hydrogen corridor pipelines (HCPs). Our findings show that residential properties within a 2.2 km radius of an HRS experience an average devaluation of 2.74%–3.45% (or US$19,413–$24,444). Following a major hydrogen explosion, this depreciation intensifies to 4.41%–5.28%. HPFs also exert significant negative externalities, with property values declining by 4.52%–5.64% within a 4 km radius. Heterogeneity analyses reveal that minority communities, particularly those with low shares of White residents and high proportions of Black and Hispanic populations, experienced disproportionately greater devaluation. Our empirical evidence of the local impact can help policymakers better systematically promote the larger scale of hydrogen energy deployment while minimizing the potential negative impacts on local communities.
{"title":"Quantifying the Local Impact of Hydrogen Infrastructure: Evidence from Changes in Property Values in California","authors":"Bin Lu,Yueming Lucy Qiu,Zhaohua Wang,Bo Wang,Kaifang Luo,Pengfei Liu,Yingdan Mei,Bin Zhang,Jingyun Li","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c08792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c08792","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen is expected to play a key role in the sustainable decarbonization of energy systems. While hydrogen may provide global public good for reducing carbon emissions, it is important to quantify its potential impact on local communities for ensuring equitable and socially accepted energy transitions. This study quantifies the effects of hydrogen infrastructure on nearby communities by using a high-resolution panel of residential property transactions in California from 2012 to 2021. The analysis incorporates three types of hydrogen infrastructure: hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs), hydrogen production facilities (HPFs), and hydrogen corridor pipelines (HCPs). Our findings show that residential properties within a 2.2 km radius of an HRS experience an average devaluation of 2.74%–3.45% (or US$19,413–$24,444). Following a major hydrogen explosion, this depreciation intensifies to 4.41%–5.28%. HPFs also exert significant negative externalities, with property values declining by 4.52%–5.64% within a 4 km radius. Heterogeneity analyses reveal that minority communities, particularly those with low shares of White residents and high proportions of Black and Hispanic populations, experienced disproportionately greater devaluation. Our empirical evidence of the local impact can help policymakers better systematically promote the larger scale of hydrogen energy deployment while minimizing the potential negative impacts on local communities.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monomethylmercury (MMHg) is a potent neurotoxin to which humans are exposed via fish consumption. However, the relative importance of planktonic and benthic biomagnification pathways to fish MMHg concentrations in marine food webs is challenging to quantify. Here, we apply compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) of Hg to identify fish MMHg biomagnification pathways across nearshore bay (NB), marine continental shelf (MCS), and pelagic ocean (PO) regions. We observe significant differences in Δ199Hg between MMHg and total mercury (THg), highlighting the limitations of using THg isotopes to resolve MMHg dynamics in the environment. In NB fish, Δ199Hg of MMHg closely matches that of benthic invertebrates, while in MCS and PO fish, it aligns with phytoplankton. According to the MMHg isotope binary mixing model, about 85% of MMHg in NB fish derives from the benthic biomagnification pathway, whereas over 90% of MMHg in MCS and PO fish originates from seawater-phytoplankton trophic transfer. These findings reveal that the benthic biomagnification pathway in near-shore regions has been underestimated in previous models, leading to potential uncertainties in evaluating marine Hg cycling and human exposure risks. This study highlights the importance of the benthic biomagnification pathway in coastal environments and demonstrates the potential of the CSIA of Hg for investigating MMHg biomagnification pathways in marine food webs, which provides new insights for global Hg pollution management under the Minamata Convention.
{"title":"Monomethylmercury Isotopes Reveal a Hidden Biomagnification Pathway in Marine Ecosystems and Their Environmental Implications","authors":"Shaochen Yang,Xingyu Liang,Sae Yun Kwon,Ruolan Li,Chuyan Lai,Martin Tsz-Ki Tsui,David Point,Jinling Liu,Yanxu Zhang,Huan Zhong,Runsheng Yin,Zhengcheng Song,Tian Lin,Jingqian Xie,Li Zhang,Xianzhi Lin,Leiming Zhang,Ping Li,Xinbin Feng","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c12329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c12329","url":null,"abstract":"Monomethylmercury (MMHg) is a potent neurotoxin to which humans are exposed via fish consumption. However, the relative importance of planktonic and benthic biomagnification pathways to fish MMHg concentrations in marine food webs is challenging to quantify. Here, we apply compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) of Hg to identify fish MMHg biomagnification pathways across nearshore bay (NB), marine continental shelf (MCS), and pelagic ocean (PO) regions. We observe significant differences in Δ199Hg between MMHg and total mercury (THg), highlighting the limitations of using THg isotopes to resolve MMHg dynamics in the environment. In NB fish, Δ199Hg of MMHg closely matches that of benthic invertebrates, while in MCS and PO fish, it aligns with phytoplankton. According to the MMHg isotope binary mixing model, about 85% of MMHg in NB fish derives from the benthic biomagnification pathway, whereas over 90% of MMHg in MCS and PO fish originates from seawater-phytoplankton trophic transfer. These findings reveal that the benthic biomagnification pathway in near-shore regions has been underestimated in previous models, leading to potential uncertainties in evaluating marine Hg cycling and human exposure risks. This study highlights the importance of the benthic biomagnification pathway in coastal environments and demonstrates the potential of the CSIA of Hg for investigating MMHg biomagnification pathways in marine food webs, which provides new insights for global Hg pollution management under the Minamata Convention.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The precise manifestations of iron (Fe) imbalance, especially Fe2+ deficiency, are critical for addressing the health effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on human health. This study integrates epidemiological and in vitro and in vivo evidence to elucidate the role of Fe homeostasis in the effects of PM2.5 exposure on lung injury. Serum was collected from 35 women from Hebei Province, North China, and their residential PM2.5 concentrations were monitored from January 2015 to January 2016. We found that the ferritin light chain (FTL) in serum was positively associated with the PM2.5 concentration, suggesting that PM2.5 disrupts Fe homeostasis in the human body. Intratracheal instillation of naphthalene-1,4-dione-coated black carbon (1,4-NQ-BC), a PM2.5 analogue, increased FTL, but impaired the autophagy flux in rat lungs. 1,4-NQ-BC reduced Fe2+, but increased total Fe in RAW264.7 cells, when there was unimpaired Fe transportation through cell membranes. Likewise, 1,4-NQ-BC activated autophagy, but impaired lysosomal function, consequently inhibiting the autophagic flux in RAW264.7 cells. The role of lysosome dysfunction in PM-induced Fe2+ deficiency was revealed for the first time, via overexpression of transcription factor EB in a RAW264.7 cell model. We concluded that lysosomal damage-evoked Fe2+ deficiency provided sensitive biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in pulmonary injury associated with ambient PM2.5 exposure.
{"title":"Integrated Evidence for Lysosomal Dysfunction-Mediated Iron Dysregulation induced by PM2.5 Exposure","authors":"Qiong Zhang,Yuese Yuan,Yuetong Liu,Jiawei Yang,Tao Zhou,Haichen Zhang,Lening Chen,Yuan Cui,Yang Wang,Ran Zhao,Qianqian Xiao,Qinghe Meng,Jianjun Jiang,Weidong Hao,Bin Wang,Xuetao Wei","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c14185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c14185","url":null,"abstract":"The precise manifestations of iron (Fe) imbalance, especially Fe2+ deficiency, are critical for addressing the health effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on human health. This study integrates epidemiological and in vitro and in vivo evidence to elucidate the role of Fe homeostasis in the effects of PM2.5 exposure on lung injury. Serum was collected from 35 women from Hebei Province, North China, and their residential PM2.5 concentrations were monitored from January 2015 to January 2016. We found that the ferritin light chain (FTL) in serum was positively associated with the PM2.5 concentration, suggesting that PM2.5 disrupts Fe homeostasis in the human body. Intratracheal instillation of naphthalene-1,4-dione-coated black carbon (1,4-NQ-BC), a PM2.5 analogue, increased FTL, but impaired the autophagy flux in rat lungs. 1,4-NQ-BC reduced Fe2+, but increased total Fe in RAW264.7 cells, when there was unimpaired Fe transportation through cell membranes. Likewise, 1,4-NQ-BC activated autophagy, but impaired lysosomal function, consequently inhibiting the autophagic flux in RAW264.7 cells. The role of lysosome dysfunction in PM-induced Fe2+ deficiency was revealed for the first time, via overexpression of transcription factor EB in a RAW264.7 cell model. We concluded that lysosomal damage-evoked Fe2+ deficiency provided sensitive biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in pulmonary injury associated with ambient PM2.5 exposure.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"314 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiwei Wang,Sunxinyi Wang,Xiaoming Xu,Yuxuan Chen,Yuhan Wang,Xuesong Yi,Zihui Wang,Langming Bai,Fuqiang Liu
The development of green and high-performance nanofiltration membranes is of great significance in mitigating the global water crisis. However, conventional nanofiltration membranes are generally constrained by the trade-off between permeability and selectivity, which limits their practical application. In this study, we designed a reactive interlayer based on piperazine-grafted carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, which participates in the interfacial polymerization process to form a mixed nascent layer (MNL) with smaller pore sizes. This intermediate structure further regulated the formation of an ultrathin polyamide layer featuring uniform pore size distribution and a crumpled morphology. Combined with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we systematically elucidated the influence of different nascent interlayer structures on the final morphology and chemical composition of the polyamide layer. The resulting membrane exhibits exceptional ion sieving performance, with a Cl–/SO42– selectivity of up to 155.4, and maintains a high water permeance of 43.9 L m–2 h–1 bar–1 while demonstrating effective removal of various micropollutants. This work not only deepens the understanding of the structural evolution mechanism during interfacial polymerization but also provides a new strategy for developing high-performance nanofiltration membranes toward efficient water treatment.
{"title":"Mixed Nascent Layer Based on Reactive Nanofiber to Regulate High-Performance Nanofiltration Membranes","authors":"Zhiwei Wang,Sunxinyi Wang,Xiaoming Xu,Yuxuan Chen,Yuhan Wang,Xuesong Yi,Zihui Wang,Langming Bai,Fuqiang Liu","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c15464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c15464","url":null,"abstract":"The development of green and high-performance nanofiltration membranes is of great significance in mitigating the global water crisis. However, conventional nanofiltration membranes are generally constrained by the trade-off between permeability and selectivity, which limits their practical application. In this study, we designed a reactive interlayer based on piperazine-grafted carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, which participates in the interfacial polymerization process to form a mixed nascent layer (MNL) with smaller pore sizes. This intermediate structure further regulated the formation of an ultrathin polyamide layer featuring uniform pore size distribution and a crumpled morphology. Combined with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we systematically elucidated the influence of different nascent interlayer structures on the final morphology and chemical composition of the polyamide layer. The resulting membrane exhibits exceptional ion sieving performance, with a Cl–/SO42– selectivity of up to 155.4, and maintains a high water permeance of 43.9 L m–2 h–1 bar–1 while demonstrating effective removal of various micropollutants. This work not only deepens the understanding of the structural evolution mechanism during interfacial polymerization but also provides a new strategy for developing high-performance nanofiltration membranes toward efficient water treatment.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tien Van Do,Andreas Zuend,Na Rae Choi,Taehyoung Lee,Hyejung Shin,Kwangyul Lee,Jongsung Park,Seokjun Seo,Mijung Song
The phase state of fine particles (PM2.5) critically governs gas–particle partitioning and multiphase chemical reactivity, yet remains poorly constrained under real-world conditions. In this study, optical microscopy, poke-and-flow experiments, and thermodynamic modeling were combined to examine the phase behavior of wintertime urban PM2.5 collected in Ansan, South Korea. Morphological analyses revealed humidity- and composition-dependent transitions, with liquid–liquid and liquid–liquid–solid states frequently observed in individual particles. Polluted, nitrate-rich aerosols predominantly exhibited liquid-like morphology and followed near-equilibrium partitioning of nitrate and ammonium. In contrast, cleaner, organic-rich particles likely exhibited higher viscosity and nonliquid characteristics, which may have led to partial deviation from equilibrium predictions. These results provide direct experimental evidence of phase complexity in ambient PM2.5 and demonstrate that the particle phase state, modulated by relative humidity and composition, plays a critical role in determining thermodynamic behavior and atmospheric reactivity of urban aerosols.
{"title":"Phase Behavior of Polluted and Clean Urban Winter PM2.5 from Optical Observations and Thermodynamic Equilibrium Modeling","authors":"Tien Van Do,Andreas Zuend,Na Rae Choi,Taehyoung Lee,Hyejung Shin,Kwangyul Lee,Jongsung Park,Seokjun Seo,Mijung Song","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c16878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c16878","url":null,"abstract":"The phase state of fine particles (PM2.5) critically governs gas–particle partitioning and multiphase chemical reactivity, yet remains poorly constrained under real-world conditions. In this study, optical microscopy, poke-and-flow experiments, and thermodynamic modeling were combined to examine the phase behavior of wintertime urban PM2.5 collected in Ansan, South Korea. Morphological analyses revealed humidity- and composition-dependent transitions, with liquid–liquid and liquid–liquid–solid states frequently observed in individual particles. Polluted, nitrate-rich aerosols predominantly exhibited liquid-like morphology and followed near-equilibrium partitioning of nitrate and ammonium. In contrast, cleaner, organic-rich particles likely exhibited higher viscosity and nonliquid characteristics, which may have led to partial deviation from equilibrium predictions. These results provide direct experimental evidence of phase complexity in ambient PM2.5 and demonstrate that the particle phase state, modulated by relative humidity and composition, plays a critical role in determining thermodynamic behavior and atmospheric reactivity of urban aerosols.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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