This research analyses the influence of perceived authenticity of Christmas Markets and their products on shopping expenditure. The quantitative analysis was conducted based on 1275 self-administered questionnaires collected among event attendees in three different Northern Italian Christmas Markets during the four weeks of advent in 2008. In order to estimate separately the determinants of the propensity of respondents to shop and how much money they are willing to spend for each kind of purchase, we have adopted a double-hurdle model. The results show that tourists are more likely to spend, and spend more, if they consider the event and the products sold authentic. The study also reveals that, among other things, length of stay, respondents’ geographical location and location of the market affect the amount of personal expenditures during the festival. Finally, some outlines for future research are suggested, and some implications for destination and event managers are briefly discussed.
{"title":"The Effect of Authenticity on Tourists’ Expenditure at Cultural Events","authors":"L. Osti, Marta Disegna, J. Brida","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1674830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1674830","url":null,"abstract":"This research analyses the influence of perceived authenticity of Christmas Markets and their products on shopping expenditure. The quantitative analysis was conducted based on 1275 self-administered questionnaires collected among event attendees in three different Northern Italian Christmas Markets during the four weeks of advent in 2008. In order to estimate separately the determinants of the propensity of respondents to shop and how much money they are willing to spend for each kind of purchase, we have adopted a double-hurdle model. The results show that tourists are more likely to spend, and spend more, if they consider the event and the products sold authentic. The study also reveals that, among other things, length of stay, respondents’ geographical location and location of the market affect the amount of personal expenditures during the festival. Finally, some outlines for future research are suggested, and some implications for destination and event managers are briefly discussed.","PeriodicalId":117293,"journal":{"name":"EIB: Environmental Impacts Related to Marketing (Topic)","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131483142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Brida, Maria Eugenia Riaño, Sandra Zapata-Aguirre
Cruise tourism is growing faster than any other sector of the tourism industry, producing different impacts on destinations. From the social and economic viewpoint, the interactions between the different actors of the exchange process – cruise passengers, crews, residents and producers of the tourism products- can bring both positive and negative consequences. The aim of this paper is to analyze how local population perceives the impacts of cruise tourism and which factors do affect the relationship between impacts and perceptions´ formation. The research involves a primary data collection in Cartagena de Indias during the peak of the cruise season in the last trimester of 2009. The number and quality of the 1004 questionnaires collected allowed us to perform a quantitative analysis of the hosts perceptions and attitudes. A cluster analysis has demonstrated the existence of four different groups, within which members have common features and similar perceptions and attitudes. In general, is has revealed a positive recognition of the economic impacts of tourism. Also, social and cultural impacts are recognized to be positive, but at a lower degree. In terms of the future tourism polices, the different groups identified in the cluster analysis exert different positions.
{"title":"Residents’ Attitudes and Perception Towards Cruise Tourism Development: A Case Study of Cartagena de Indias, Colombia","authors":"J. Brida, Maria Eugenia Riaño, Sandra Zapata-Aguirre","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1622752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1622752","url":null,"abstract":"Cruise tourism is growing faster than any other sector of the tourism industry, producing different impacts on destinations. From the social and economic viewpoint, the interactions between the different actors of the exchange process – cruise passengers, crews, residents and producers of the tourism products- can bring both positive and negative consequences. The aim of this paper is to analyze how local population perceives the impacts of cruise tourism and which factors do affect the relationship between impacts and perceptions´ formation. The research involves a primary data collection in Cartagena de Indias during the peak of the cruise season in the last trimester of 2009. The number and quality of the 1004 questionnaires collected allowed us to perform a quantitative analysis of the hosts perceptions and attitudes. A cluster analysis has demonstrated the existence of four different groups, within which members have common features and similar perceptions and attitudes. In general, is has revealed a positive recognition of the economic impacts of tourism. Also, social and cultural impacts are recognized to be positive, but at a lower degree. In terms of the future tourism polices, the different groups identified in the cluster analysis exert different positions.","PeriodicalId":117293,"journal":{"name":"EIB: Environmental Impacts Related to Marketing (Topic)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133302553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study contribute to the growing literature on repeat visitation by examining the factors that affect a cruise ship passenger’s stated likelihood of returning to a visited port as a stay over tourist. Results from a survey of cruise ship passengers that stopped in Cartagena de Indias (Colombia) during the second semester of 2009 suggest that about one half of the respondents plan a return trip to the area. We show that the probability of returning to the destination depends positively on geographic area of residence, on the level of satisfaction declared by the passenger, on the time spent out the ship and especially on whether the tourist is not an experienced cruiser. The typical visitor wanting to return as stayover tourist is thus male, lives in the Caribbean area, high educated, young, on his first cruise and on an self-organized visit, who has spend a lot of time in port and experienced satisfactory services and security.
本研究通过考察影响游轮乘客作为停留游客返回所访问港口的可能性的因素，为不断增长的重复访问文献做出了贡献。2009年下半年，一项针对在哥伦比亚卡塔赫纳德印第亚斯(Cartagena de Indias)停靠的游轮乘客的调查结果显示，约有一半的受访者计划再次前往该地区。我们表明，返回目的地的概率正依赖于居住的地理区域、乘客声明的满意度水平、在船外花费的时间，尤其是游客是否不是一个有经验的巡洋舰。因此，想要作为留宿游客返回的典型游客是男性，居住在加勒比地区，受过高等教育，年轻，第一次巡航和自我组织的访问，他们在港口呆了很长时间，体验了满意的服务和安全。
{"title":"Tourist’s Intention of Returning to a Visited Destination: Cruise Ship Passengers in Cartagena De Indias, Colombia","authors":"Paolo Coletti, J. Brida","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1617894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1617894","url":null,"abstract":"This study contribute to the growing literature on repeat visitation by examining the factors that affect a cruise ship passenger’s stated likelihood of returning to a visited port as a stay over tourist. Results from a survey of cruise ship passengers that stopped in Cartagena de Indias (Colombia) during the second semester of 2009 suggest that about one half of the respondents plan a return trip to the area. We show that the probability of returning to the destination depends positively on geographic area of residence, on the level of satisfaction declared by the passenger, on the time spent out the ship and especially on whether the tourist is not an experienced cruiser. The typical visitor wanting to return as stayover tourist is thus male, lives in the Caribbean area, high educated, young, on his first cruise and on an self-organized visit, who has spend a lot of time in port and experienced satisfactory services and security.","PeriodicalId":117293,"journal":{"name":"EIB: Environmental Impacts Related to Marketing (Topic)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129663087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the results of a quantitative survey among residing families of a small mountain community on their attitudes and perceptions towards tourism impacts and policies. In total 295 questionnaires accounting for approximately 20% of the population were collected. A factor analysis was performed on residents’ agreement with different policies to obtain four different components. These components were used as dependent variables for a regression analysis showing that residents’ perceptions of economic, environmental and socio-cultural impacts of tourism affect their attitudes towards different tourism policies.
{"title":"Residents’ Attitudes and Perceptions of Tourism Impacts and Their Policy Implications","authors":"Andrea Barquet, L. Osti, J. Brida","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1559991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1559991","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of a quantitative survey among residing families of a small mountain community on their attitudes and perceptions towards tourism impacts and policies. In total 295 questionnaires accounting for approximately 20% of the population were collected. A factor analysis was performed on residents’ agreement with different policies to obtain four different components. These components were used as dependent variables for a regression analysis showing that residents’ perceptions of economic, environmental and socio-cultural impacts of tourism affect their attitudes towards different tourism policies.","PeriodicalId":117293,"journal":{"name":"EIB: Environmental Impacts Related to Marketing (Topic)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129669044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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