Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.53022/oarjmccr.2021.1.1.0030
Adriel Martìnez Rodríguez, Ada de las Nieves Rodríguez Reyes, Elisa Maria Puentes Rizo, Pedro Rolando López Rodríguez, Ailé Cruz Arias
Introduction: Pregnancy in adolescence is a problem of alarming dimensions that demands comprehensive multisectoral care. The incidence of pregnancy in adolescents has grown and no previous studies on the entity were found. Objective: To describe the behavior of adolescent pregnancy in the Mantilla health area. Method: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study of a universe of 82 pregnant adolescents from the Mantilla health area from April 2019 to November 2020. A survey and test of perception of family functioning were applied, which were processed using Descriptive Statistics techniques. Results: 57.3% of the pregnant women were between 17 and 19 years old, 53.7% had not completed the pre-university or intermediate technical level and 75.6% did not wish to interrupt their pregnancy. Conclusions: Pregnancies in adolescence are unplanned and therefore unwanted; the vast majority of adolescents admit that they are incapable of facing pregnancy and what it means for their later life.
{"title":"Behavior of pregnancy in adolescence, Mantilla health area, 2019-2020","authors":"Adriel Martìnez Rodríguez, Ada de las Nieves Rodríguez Reyes, Elisa Maria Puentes Rizo, Pedro Rolando López Rodríguez, Ailé Cruz Arias","doi":"10.53022/oarjmccr.2021.1.1.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjmccr.2021.1.1.0030","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pregnancy in adolescence is a problem of alarming dimensions that demands comprehensive multisectoral care. The incidence of pregnancy in adolescents has grown and no previous studies on the entity were found. Objective: To describe the behavior of adolescent pregnancy in the Mantilla health area. Method: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study of a universe of 82 pregnant adolescents from the Mantilla health area from April 2019 to November 2020. A survey and test of perception of family functioning were applied, which were processed using Descriptive Statistics techniques. Results: 57.3% of the pregnant women were between 17 and 19 years old, 53.7% had not completed the pre-university or intermediate technical level and 75.6% did not wish to interrupt their pregnancy. Conclusions: Pregnancies in adolescence are unplanned and therefore unwanted; the vast majority of adolescents admit that they are incapable of facing pregnancy and what it means for their later life.","PeriodicalId":117900,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Research Journal of Medical and Clinical Case Reports","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129927452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.53022/oarjmccr.2021.1.1.0027
Agbecha Ayu
Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is a major fetal serum globulin structurally and functionally related to albumin. During fetal development, AFP is produced sequentially by the fetal yolk sac, gastrointestinal tract, and liver. Thus normal production of AFP is unique to fetal development, making it an ideal marker for early fetal evaluation. Since its introduction into obstetric practice, maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) screening has become the earliest non-invasive biochemical test to provide information regarding the fetus, thereby promoting access to earlier diagnosis, enabling families to make informed reproductive choices, and designing appropriate strategies for prenatal care and delivery. Normally, fetal AFP concentration levels continue to decrease through infantile stage (0 to 2 years), down to adult levels (0 – 8ng/ml). However, AFP is frequently re-expressed in patients affected by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and yolk-sac tumors (YST) therefore used in clinical practice as a tumor marker. To improve the specificity of AFP, glycoforms of AFP are determined and used in the differential/early diagnosis, follow up of treatment and prognostication of patients with AFP secreting tumors. Alpha-fetoprotein is also used as a biochemical diagnostic and prognostic marker for prolonged jaundice in newborns.
{"title":"The clinical value of serum alpha-fetoprotein","authors":"Agbecha Ayu","doi":"10.53022/oarjmccr.2021.1.1.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjmccr.2021.1.1.0027","url":null,"abstract":"Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is a major fetal serum globulin structurally and functionally related to albumin. During fetal development, AFP is produced sequentially by the fetal yolk sac, gastrointestinal tract, and liver. Thus normal production of AFP is unique to fetal development, making it an ideal marker for early fetal evaluation. Since its introduction into obstetric practice, maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) screening has become the earliest non-invasive biochemical test to provide information regarding the fetus, thereby promoting access to earlier diagnosis, enabling families to make informed reproductive choices, and designing appropriate strategies for prenatal care and delivery. Normally, fetal AFP concentration levels continue to decrease through infantile stage (0 to 2 years), down to adult levels (0 – 8ng/ml). However, AFP is frequently re-expressed in patients affected by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and yolk-sac tumors (YST) therefore used in clinical practice as a tumor marker. To improve the specificity of AFP, glycoforms of AFP are determined and used in the differential/early diagnosis, follow up of treatment and prognostication of patients with AFP secreting tumors. Alpha-fetoprotein is also used as a biochemical diagnostic and prognostic marker for prolonged jaundice in newborns.","PeriodicalId":117900,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Research Journal of Medical and Clinical Case Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129252889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: A musculoskeletal disorder is the pain or injury in the joints, muscle, tendon, ligament, and its associated structures that support head, neck, upper and lower limb. These disorders can be trigger from repetitive exposure to awkward posture and due to psychological, social and occupational factors. Musculoskeletal disorders are the second leading cause of disability globally. The frequency of musculoskeletal disorders in physiotherapy OPDs of Karachi, Pakistan has not been reported yet, so this study investigated the frequency of musculoskeletal disorders in physiotherapy OPD of Karachi, Pakistan. Objective: The purpose of this study was to find out the frequency of musculoskeletal disorder in patients visiting physiotherapy outpatient department of various tertiary care hospitals situated in Karachi, Pakistan. Material and Method: A cross sectional survey study was carried out by using a self-constructed questionnaire to observe the frequency of MSD in physiotherapy. Data collection was done under the supervision of senior physical therapist. Results: 403 patients were included in this study from various physiotherapy OPDs. to evaluate the frequency of MSK disorders in which 166 were males and 237 were females. The minimum and maximum ages of the candidates who participated in the study were 8 and 69 years respectively. The results showed that 72.5% of patients in OPD had MSD in relevance to 28% of the patients suffering from neurological disorders [Table 3, 4]. Conclusion: Muscular-skeletal disorders are common among patients visiting in physiotherapy OPDs of Karachi, Pakistan. The most influenced region observed were the low back and shoulder due to overuse and also the knee which was persistent in elderly patients. Female patients were seen to have higher rate of MSK disorders which affects their daily activity than man. Suitable preventive and proper management methods are suggested to lessen MSK disorders.
{"title":"Ubiquity of repetitive stress injury disorders in the OPD of Karachi, Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Atayyab Talha Irfan, Khadija shakeel, Hira Zehra, Usman Khalid, Faizan Saeed Syed, Nida Rizvi, Kashif Bashir","doi":"10.53022/oarjmccr.2021.1.1.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjmccr.2021.1.1.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A musculoskeletal disorder is the pain or injury in the joints, muscle, tendon, ligament, and its associated structures that support head, neck, upper and lower limb. These disorders can be trigger from repetitive exposure to awkward posture and due to psychological, social and occupational factors. Musculoskeletal disorders are the second leading cause of disability globally. The frequency of musculoskeletal disorders in physiotherapy OPDs of Karachi, Pakistan has not been reported yet, so this study investigated the frequency of musculoskeletal disorders in physiotherapy OPD of Karachi, Pakistan. Objective: The purpose of this study was to find out the frequency of musculoskeletal disorder in patients visiting physiotherapy outpatient department of various tertiary care hospitals situated in Karachi, Pakistan. Material and Method: A cross sectional survey study was carried out by using a self-constructed questionnaire to observe the frequency of MSD in physiotherapy. Data collection was done under the supervision of senior physical therapist. Results: 403 patients were included in this study from various physiotherapy OPDs. to evaluate the frequency of MSK disorders in which 166 were males and 237 were females. The minimum and maximum ages of the candidates who participated in the study were 8 and 69 years respectively. The results showed that 72.5% of patients in OPD had MSD in relevance to 28% of the patients suffering from neurological disorders [Table 3, 4]. Conclusion: Muscular-skeletal disorders are common among patients visiting in physiotherapy OPDs of Karachi, Pakistan. The most influenced region observed were the low back and shoulder due to overuse and also the knee which was persistent in elderly patients. Female patients were seen to have higher rate of MSK disorders which affects their daily activity than man. Suitable preventive and proper management methods are suggested to lessen MSK disorders.","PeriodicalId":117900,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Research Journal of Medical and Clinical Case Reports","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129283284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.53022/oarjmccr.2021.1.1.0028
Manel Ben Amar, Yosra Gassara, Hajer Hentati, Jamil Selmi
In medicine, dental medicine and health care, the teaching literature is full of teaching strategies, methods and techniques that serve the teaching and learning of future health professionals. Among these strategies and methods, we find the medical simulation which consists in creating the closest possible care environments to clinical reality using natural, physical, computer or electronic equipment. Its aim is to teach technical and non-technical gestures and procedures for which direct teaching is impossible. In dental medicine, simulation is of unequal importance in the training, development and maintenance of the clinical skills of future practitioners. A large number of modalities have been developed for its uses, ranging from the use of natural teeth, phantom head, computer assisted simulation followed by virtual reality simulation with haptic feedback to robotization.
{"title":"Simulation in dental medicine: Current state and prospects","authors":"Manel Ben Amar, Yosra Gassara, Hajer Hentati, Jamil Selmi","doi":"10.53022/oarjmccr.2021.1.1.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjmccr.2021.1.1.0028","url":null,"abstract":"In medicine, dental medicine and health care, the teaching literature is full of teaching strategies, methods and techniques that serve the teaching and learning of future health professionals. Among these strategies and methods, we find the medical simulation which consists in creating the closest possible care environments to clinical reality using natural, physical, computer or electronic equipment. Its aim is to teach technical and non-technical gestures and procedures for which direct teaching is impossible. In dental medicine, simulation is of unequal importance in the training, development and maintenance of the clinical skills of future practitioners. A large number of modalities have been developed for its uses, ranging from the use of natural teeth, phantom head, computer assisted simulation followed by virtual reality simulation with haptic feedback to robotization.","PeriodicalId":117900,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Research Journal of Medical and Clinical Case Reports","volume":"57 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126903472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.53022/oarjmccr.2021.1.1.0029
Ilen Corrales Arredondo, C. Alfredo Mario Naranjo Ugalde, Lais Angélica Ceruto Ortiz, Yudith Escobar Bermúdez, Pedro Rolando López Rodríguez
Introduction: This past year, on a global scale, since 2019, public health warnings have gone off because of the recent epidemiological crisis set of the COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic holds responsibility for millions of infections, manifesting broadly in its clinical presentation, which ranges from asymptomatic carriers to respiratory failure, myocardial pathology and death; increasing the rates of hospitalization. Pediatric patients are at high risk of contracting the disease including those with congenital cardiomyopathy that are in need of surgical intervention in order to survive. Objective: Show that there exists an opportunity for elective surgical treatment and short term and medium term recovery in these patients in spite of respiratory and cardiovascular sequelae. Case presentation of an eleven-month infant diagnosed with Transposition of the Great Vessels, who after three months of idleness for having tested positive for COVID-19, received definitive surgical care for the initial diagnosis. Results: The perioperative strategy was based in the probable sequelae due to the infection. There are not respiratory complications like consequence for the previous lung injury. The auriculoventricular dysfunctional immediate post-operative was related with the surgical technique. Conclusion: A period no less than three months could be offer security for surgery using extracorporeal circulation in pediatric patients who suffered COVID-19. Patient with favorable post-op prognosis resulting from the work of a multi-disciplinary team that met all challenges of the complications inherent in the post-operative period following a complex cardiovascular surgery along with those of a potentially fatal virus.
{"title":"Mustard surgery three months after a COVID-19 infection: A case report","authors":"Ilen Corrales Arredondo, C. Alfredo Mario Naranjo Ugalde, Lais Angélica Ceruto Ortiz, Yudith Escobar Bermúdez, Pedro Rolando López Rodríguez","doi":"10.53022/oarjmccr.2021.1.1.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjmccr.2021.1.1.0029","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This past year, on a global scale, since 2019, public health warnings have gone off because of the recent epidemiological crisis set of the COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic holds responsibility for millions of infections, manifesting broadly in its clinical presentation, which ranges from asymptomatic carriers to respiratory failure, myocardial pathology and death; increasing the rates of hospitalization. Pediatric patients are at high risk of contracting the disease including those with congenital cardiomyopathy that are in need of surgical intervention in order to survive. Objective: Show that there exists an opportunity for elective surgical treatment and short term and medium term recovery in these patients in spite of respiratory and cardiovascular sequelae. Case presentation of an eleven-month infant diagnosed with Transposition of the Great Vessels, who after three months of idleness for having tested positive for COVID-19, received definitive surgical care for the initial diagnosis. Results: The perioperative strategy was based in the probable sequelae due to the infection. There are not respiratory complications like consequence for the previous lung injury. The auriculoventricular dysfunctional immediate post-operative was related with the surgical technique. Conclusion: A period no less than three months could be offer security for surgery using extracorporeal circulation in pediatric patients who suffered COVID-19. Patient with favorable post-op prognosis resulting from the work of a multi-disciplinary team that met all challenges of the complications inherent in the post-operative period following a complex cardiovascular surgery along with those of a potentially fatal virus.","PeriodicalId":117900,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Research Journal of Medical and Clinical Case Reports","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132897360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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