A. Nabilah, S. Handayani, S. Setiasih, D. Rahayu, S. Hudiyono
This study’s objective was to synthesize esters of ricinoleic oxidation product. The esterification products were expected may act as emulsifiers and to have antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Before esterified, ricinoleic acid was oxidized by KMnO4. The success of the oxidation reaction was proven by determining iodine number. Esterification was carried out using ZnCl2 as catalyst with various alcohols, namely methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and 1-butanol. Mole ratio fatty acid to alcohol used in esterification was 1: 2. The ester products were characterized using FTIR and the conversion percentage were determined by titrimetric method. Emulsifier test also performed to determine the ability of ester product as emulsifier. The success of oxidation was proven by decreasing iodine number from 44.05 mg/g to 17.15 mg/g and increasing absorption intensity -OH group in FTIR spectrum. FTIR spectrum of ester products showed the presence of absorption of C = O ester groups at 1750-1735 cm−1 and C-O-C at 1300-1000 cm−1 which proved the success of esterification. Emulsifier test showed that esterification products can act as emulsifiers and the emulsions formed were stable up to 24 hours for water-in-oil emulsion (w/o). The best ability as an emulsifier was shown by methyl esters. Antimicrobial assay showed that all esters can inhibit the growth both bacteria, P. acnes and S. epidermidis. The largest inhibition zone obtained for butyl ester against P. acnes by 17 mm and methyl ester against S. epidermidis by 17 mm.
{"title":"Esterification of oxidized ricinoleic acid with various alcohols to produce emulsifier and antimicrobial compounds","authors":"A. Nabilah, S. Handayani, S. Setiasih, D. Rahayu, S. Hudiyono","doi":"10.1063/5.0005809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0005809","url":null,"abstract":"This study’s objective was to synthesize esters of ricinoleic oxidation product. The esterification products were expected may act as emulsifiers and to have antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Before esterified, ricinoleic acid was oxidized by KMnO4. The success of the oxidation reaction was proven by determining iodine number. Esterification was carried out using ZnCl2 as catalyst with various alcohols, namely methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and 1-butanol. Mole ratio fatty acid to alcohol used in esterification was 1: 2. The ester products were characterized using FTIR and the conversion percentage were determined by titrimetric method. Emulsifier test also performed to determine the ability of ester product as emulsifier. The success of oxidation was proven by decreasing iodine number from 44.05 mg/g to 17.15 mg/g and increasing absorption intensity -OH group in FTIR spectrum. FTIR spectrum of ester products showed the presence of absorption of C = O ester groups at 1750-1735 cm−1 and C-O-C at 1300-1000 cm−1 which proved the success of esterification. Emulsifier test showed that esterification products can act as emulsifiers and the emulsions formed were stable up to 24 hours for water-in-oil emulsion (w/o). The best ability as an emulsifier was shown by methyl esters. Antimicrobial assay showed that all esters can inhibit the growth both bacteria, P. acnes and S. epidermidis. The largest inhibition zone obtained for butyl ester against P. acnes by 17 mm and methyl ester against S. epidermidis by 17 mm.","PeriodicalId":117907,"journal":{"name":"THE 14TH JOINT CONFERENCE ON CHEMISTRY 2019","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127926020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Ardy, Fakhri Arsyi Hawari, A. W. Y. Parmita, Untung Triadi, Azhar Isti Hanifah, A. Wibowo
Heterogeneous fenton catalyst is one of the promising technologies for destruction of persistent and non-biodegradable pollutant in wastewater, such as dyes from textile industries. Previously, bacterial celluloses (BCs) were used as catalyst support of fenton catalysts to improve their catalytic activity. However, reusability of fenton catalyst@bacterial celluloses were not explored yet. Herein, fenton catalyst@bacterial celluloses were prepared using sol gel method with precursor concentration of 0.05 M and characterized by visual observation, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. After five cycles of repeated use, catalytic ability of the catalysts was gradually decrease to 17.9% of the original one. Understanding reusability of fenton catalyst@bacterial celluloses will be helpful for wastewater treatment application.
{"title":"Reusability study of fenton catalyst@bacterial celluloses for removal of methylene blue as synthetic dyes model","authors":"H. Ardy, Fakhri Arsyi Hawari, A. W. Y. Parmita, Untung Triadi, Azhar Isti Hanifah, A. Wibowo","doi":"10.1063/5.0005229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0005229","url":null,"abstract":"Heterogeneous fenton catalyst is one of the promising technologies for destruction of persistent and non-biodegradable pollutant in wastewater, such as dyes from textile industries. Previously, bacterial celluloses (BCs) were used as catalyst support of fenton catalysts to improve their catalytic activity. However, reusability of fenton catalyst@bacterial celluloses were not explored yet. Herein, fenton catalyst@bacterial celluloses were prepared using sol gel method with precursor concentration of 0.05 M and characterized by visual observation, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. After five cycles of repeated use, catalytic ability of the catalysts was gradually decrease to 17.9% of the original one. Understanding reusability of fenton catalyst@bacterial celluloses will be helpful for wastewater treatment application.","PeriodicalId":117907,"journal":{"name":"THE 14TH JOINT CONFERENCE ON CHEMISTRY 2019","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128661692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Rahmawati, Arum A. Kusumaningtyas, T. Saraswati, I. Yahya, Younki Lee
Sodium-Ion Battery (SIB) is now gaining attention instead of Lithium-Ion Battery (LIB) due to a high sodium abundance compare to lithium. Na-iron oxide compound mostly studied as raw material for SIB cathode. The abundance of iron source on earth is an advantage to develop SIB. Therefore, this research aims to prepare Fe2O3 from Indonesian iron sand through co-precipitation method, and then react the Fe2O3 with Na2O2 to produce NaFeO2. The reaction was conducted at 650 °C for 12 h. XRD analysis equipped with Le Bail refinement found that the prepared Fe2O3 has diffraction pattern similar to Fe2O3 ICSD#15840, trigonal structure and space group of R-3CH. Meanwhile, the prepared NaFeO2 has a diffraction pattern similar to standard diffraction ICSD#75588. The crystal structure is trigonal / rhombohedral with a space group of R-3MH. Test of NaFeO2 as a potential host for Mn2+ ions was conducted by doped 0.1 mol% Mn into NaFeO2. Cyclic voltammetry analysis of a half cell Na | NaFeO2 | Al and Na | Mn doped-NaFeO2 | Al shows an active electrochemical reduction-oxidation of Fe2+/Fe3+ at 1.776 V vs Na+/Na. Meanwhile a potential peak at 0.808 V released by NaFeO2 half-cell confirms the electrochemical activity of Na+ ions to leach out and be inserted back into NaFeO2 cathode.
钠离子电池(SIB)与锂离子电池(LIB)相比，钠含量更高，因此备受关注。钠铁氧化物作为SIB阴极的原料研究较多。地球上铁矿资源丰富，是发展SIB的有利条件。因此，本研究旨在通过共沉淀法从印尼铁砂中制备Fe2O3，然后与Na2O2反应生成NaFeO2。在650℃下反应12 h。采用Le Bail细化的XRD分析发现，制备的Fe2O3具有与Fe2O3 ICSD#15840相似的衍射模式，具有三角形结构和R-3CH的空间基团。同时，制备的NaFeO2具有与标准衍射ICSD#75588相似的衍射图样。晶体结构为三角形/菱形，空间群为R-3MH。通过在NaFeO2中掺杂0.1 mol%的Mn，对NaFeO2作为Mn2+离子的潜在宿主进行了测试。对半电池Na | NaFeO2 | Al和Na | Mn掺杂的naeo2 | Al的循环伏安分析表明，在1.776 V vs Na+/Na下，Fe2+/Fe3+发生了积极的电化学还原氧化。同时，naeo2半电池在0.808 V处释放的电位峰证实了Na+离子浸出并插入到NaFeO2阴极的电化学活性。
{"title":"Preparation of NaFeO2 from iron sand as a raw material for cathode of sodium-ion battery","authors":"F. Rahmawati, Arum A. Kusumaningtyas, T. Saraswati, I. Yahya, Younki Lee","doi":"10.1063/5.0005348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0005348","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium-Ion Battery (SIB) is now gaining attention instead of Lithium-Ion Battery (LIB) due to a high sodium abundance compare to lithium. Na-iron oxide compound mostly studied as raw material for SIB cathode. The abundance of iron source on earth is an advantage to develop SIB. Therefore, this research aims to prepare Fe2O3 from Indonesian iron sand through co-precipitation method, and then react the Fe2O3 with Na2O2 to produce NaFeO2. The reaction was conducted at 650 °C for 12 h. XRD analysis equipped with Le Bail refinement found that the prepared Fe2O3 has diffraction pattern similar to Fe2O3 ICSD#15840, trigonal structure and space group of R-3CH. Meanwhile, the prepared NaFeO2 has a diffraction pattern similar to standard diffraction ICSD#75588. The crystal structure is trigonal / rhombohedral with a space group of R-3MH. Test of NaFeO2 as a potential host for Mn2+ ions was conducted by doped 0.1 mol% Mn into NaFeO2. Cyclic voltammetry analysis of a half cell Na | NaFeO2 | Al and Na | Mn doped-NaFeO2 | Al shows an active electrochemical reduction-oxidation of Fe2+/Fe3+ at 1.776 V vs Na+/Na. Meanwhile a potential peak at 0.808 V released by NaFeO2 half-cell confirms the electrochemical activity of Na+ ions to leach out and be inserted back into NaFeO2 cathode.","PeriodicalId":117907,"journal":{"name":"THE 14TH JOINT CONFERENCE ON CHEMISTRY 2019","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126461526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kinetic study of methylene blue photocatalytic decolorization using zinc oxide was carried out under UV-LED lamp irradiation. Zinc oxide was prepared by precipitation method. Zinc oxide was characterized by XRD, FESEM, and N2 adsorption-desorption. Characterization results show that zinc oxide has a hexagonal crystal face, particle size between 0.125-0.3 µm, specific surface area (SBET), micropore volume, and mesopore volume are 60.20 m2/g, 0.541 cm3/g, and 0.02 cm3/g, respectively. The variations of pH and concentration of methylene blue solution were observed. The results show that the alkaline conditions had the highest methylene blue photocatalytic decolorization rate. At initial low concentration, the methylene blue photocatalytic decolorization is very high and decrease when the initial concentration of methylene blue increase. Photocatalytic decolorization reaction kinetics follow the first-order kinetic. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic analysis results show that photocatalytic reaction constant and Langmuir-Hinshelwood constant value are 2.2621 L.mg−1.min−1 and 0.0144 L.mg-1, respectively.
{"title":"Kinetic study of methylene blue photocatalytic decolorization using zinc oxide under UV-LED irradiation","authors":"Riki Subagyo, Y. Kusumawati, W. Widayatno","doi":"10.1063/5.0005263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0005263","url":null,"abstract":"Kinetic study of methylene blue photocatalytic decolorization using zinc oxide was carried out under UV-LED lamp irradiation. Zinc oxide was prepared by precipitation method. Zinc oxide was characterized by XRD, FESEM, and N2 adsorption-desorption. Characterization results show that zinc oxide has a hexagonal crystal face, particle size between 0.125-0.3 µm, specific surface area (SBET), micropore volume, and mesopore volume are 60.20 m2/g, 0.541 cm3/g, and 0.02 cm3/g, respectively. The variations of pH and concentration of methylene blue solution were observed. The results show that the alkaline conditions had the highest methylene blue photocatalytic decolorization rate. At initial low concentration, the methylene blue photocatalytic decolorization is very high and decrease when the initial concentration of methylene blue increase. Photocatalytic decolorization reaction kinetics follow the first-order kinetic. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic analysis results show that photocatalytic reaction constant and Langmuir-Hinshelwood constant value are 2.2621 L.mg−1.min−1 and 0.0144 L.mg-1, respectively.","PeriodicalId":117907,"journal":{"name":"THE 14TH JOINT CONFERENCE ON CHEMISTRY 2019","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127363379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Sarjadi, S. Tan, X. L. Wong, F. Anuar, Md. Shaheen Sarkar, M. L. Rahman
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of unsymmetrically branched alkyl chains carbazole-based polymer","authors":"M. Sarjadi, S. Tan, X. L. Wong, F. Anuar, Md. Shaheen Sarkar, M. L. Rahman","doi":"10.1063/5.0005389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0005389","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":117907,"journal":{"name":"THE 14TH JOINT CONFERENCE ON CHEMISTRY 2019","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123714596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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