Pub Date : 2022-02-16DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.98337
P. Hyde, A. Mahalov
Dune fields of the present day, the Dust Bowl disaster of the 1930s U.S. Great Plains, and contemporary efforts to forecast, simulate, and understand dust storms have a striking, uniform commonality. What these apparently diverse phenomena have in common is that they all result from blowing sand and dust. This review paper unifies these three disparate but related phenomena. Its over-arching goal is to clearly explain these manifestations of windblown sand and dust. First, for contemporary dune fields, we offer reviews of two technical papers that explain the eolian formation and the continuing development of two major dune fields in southeastern California and northwestern Sonora, Mexico: the Algodones Dunes and the Gran Desierto de Altar. Second, historical, geological, meteorological, and socioeconomic aspects of the 1930s Great Plains Dust Bowl are discussed. Third, and last, we return to the present day to summarize two lengthy reports on dust storms and to review two technical papers that concern their forecasting and simulation. The intent of this review is to acquaint the interested reader with how eolian transport of sand and dust affects the formation of present-day dune fields, human agricultural enterprises, and efforts to better forecast and simulate dust storms. Implications: Blowing sand and dust have drastically affected the geological landscape and continue to shape the formation of dune fields today. Nearly a century ago the U.S. Great Plains suffered through the Dust Bowl, yet another consequence of blowing sand and dust brought on by drought and mismanagement of agricultural lands. Today, this phenomenon adversely affects landscapes, transportation, and human respiratory health. A more complete understanding of this phenomenon could (and has) led to more effective mitigation of dust sources, as well as to a more accurate predictive system by which the public can be forewarned.
今天的沙丘地带，20世纪30年代美国大平原的沙尘暴灾害，以及当代预测、模拟和理解沙尘暴的努力都有一个惊人的、统一的共性。这些表面上不同的现象有一个共同点，那就是它们都是由吹沙尘造成的。这篇综述文章将这三种不同但又相关的现象统一起来。它的首要目标是清楚地解释这些风沙和灰尘的表现。首先，对于当代沙丘场，我们提供了两篇技术论文的评论，这些论文解释了加利福尼亚东南部和墨西哥索诺拉西北部两个主要沙丘场的风成形成和持续发展:Algodones Dunes和Gran Desierto de Altar。其次，讨论了20世纪30年代大平原沙尘暴的历史、地质、气象和社会经济方面。第三，也是最后，我们回到今天来总结两篇关于沙尘暴的长篇报告，并回顾两篇关于沙尘暴预报和模拟的技术论文。这篇综述的目的是让有兴趣的读者了解沙尘的风成运输如何影响当今沙丘场的形成、人类农业企业以及更好地预测和模拟沙尘暴的努力。启示:吹起的沙尘极大地影响了地质景观，并在今天继续塑造沙丘场的形成。近一个世纪前，美国大平原遭受了沙尘暴的侵袭，这是干旱和农业用地管理不善带来的沙尘暴的另一个后果。如今，这种现象对景观、交通和人类呼吸系统健康产生了不利影响。对这一现象的更全面的了解可以(并且已经)导致更有效地减少粉尘来源，以及一个更准确的预测系统，通过它可以预先警告公众。
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Pub Date : 2022-02-16DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.98719
Fredy S. Mswima, Abiud L. Kaswamila
Climate change adaptation actions for mitigating desertification and improving community livelihood in developing countries have attracted numerous scholarly works. However, there have been insufficient findings on the adaptation regarding the eco-village practices in semi-arid areas in particular. This inspired a study to assess the role of eco-village practices in strengthening climate change adaptive capacity and mitigating desertification in semi-arid areas of Chololo village, Dodoma region in central Tanzania. Data were collected using mixed methods, that is, household survey (92), focus group discussions (21), key informants interviews (6), field observation and documentary review. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and content analysis were used in analyzing quantitative and qualitative data respectively. The study found a relatively high level of community awareness on the eco-village initiative; the initiative rehabilitated village forest reserve; improved land productivity for sorghum and pearl millet; increased number of planted trees; and strengthening communities’ adaptation to climate change through improved households’ nutrition, income and reduced water stress.
{"title":"Role of Eco-Village Initiatives in Mitigating Desertification in Semi-Arid Areas of Tanzania","authors":"Fredy S. Mswima, Abiud L. Kaswamila","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.98719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98719","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change adaptation actions for mitigating desertification and improving community livelihood in developing countries have attracted numerous scholarly works. However, there have been insufficient findings on the adaptation regarding the eco-village practices in semi-arid areas in particular. This inspired a study to assess the role of eco-village practices in strengthening climate change adaptive capacity and mitigating desertification in semi-arid areas of Chololo village, Dodoma region in central Tanzania. Data were collected using mixed methods, that is, household survey (92), focus group discussions (21), key informants interviews (6), field observation and documentary review. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and content analysis were used in analyzing quantitative and qualitative data respectively. The study found a relatively high level of community awareness on the eco-village initiative; the initiative rehabilitated village forest reserve; improved land productivity for sorghum and pearl millet; increased number of planted trees; and strengthening communities’ adaptation to climate change through improved households’ nutrition, income and reduced water stress.","PeriodicalId":120720,"journal":{"name":"Deserts and Desertification","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114780579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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