Pub Date : 2020-10-20DOI: 10.20546/ijcmas.2020.910.265
M. Srivastav, R. Singh
Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss] is an important Rabi season oilseed crop, belongs to family Cruciferae and genus Brassica. Indian mustard is a natural amphidiploid (2n=36) a cross between Brassica rapa (2n=20) and Brassica nigra (2n=16). Mustard is largely self-pollinated but certain amount (2-14%) of cross pollination may take place and is mainly grown in northern part of India. Rajasthan contributes 44.60 % in area & 52.05 % in production of total rapeseed-mustard of India. Mustard crop required lower water requirement (240–400 mm) for completing life cycle, therefore it is fits well for rain fed cropping systems. Four oleiferous brassica species viz. Brassica juncea, Brassica napus, Brassica rapa and Brassica carinata are cultivated in about 6.2 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 10 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com
印度芥菜[芥菜]是一种重要的Rabi季节油料作物，属于十字花科和芸苔属。印度芥菜是天然的双二倍体(2n=36)，是油菜(2n=20)和黑油菜(2n=16)的杂交品种。芥菜大部分是自花授粉，但也有一定数量(2-14%)的异花授粉，主要种植在印度北部。拉贾斯坦邦贡献了44.60%的面积和52.05%的印度油菜籽-芥菜总产量。芥菜作物完成整个生命周期所需水量较低(240-400毫米)，因此非常适合雨养种植系统。《国际微生物学与应用科学杂志》(International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, ISSN: 2319-7706 vol . 9 no . 10(2020))期刊首页:http://www.ijcmas.com)约6.2种油菜(brassica juncea)、油菜(brassica napus)、油菜(brassica rapa)和油菜(brassica carinata)
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Pub Date : 2017-09-20DOI: 10.20546/IJCMAS.2017.609.338
R. Khandare, S. P. Patil
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Monech] is the fifth most important cereal crop worldwide after wheat, rice, maize and barley (FAO, 2011). In Maharashtra, sorghum is being grown on 5.50 million hectares and production is 6.05 million tonnes. sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata Rondani (OrderDiptera, FamilyMuscidae) is the most destructive one and causes severe damage in the early i.e. seedling stage and last up to 4 weeks causing severe reduction in plant population thereby causing heavy yield losses. The maggot crawls to the plant whorl and then moves downward between the fold of young leaves till they reach the growing point. It cuts the growing tip and feeds on the decaying leaf tissues, which results in dead heart formation. Resistance to shoot fly, A. soccata in sorghum is expressed in terms of antixenosis for ovipositon, antibiosis and tolerance (Sharma and Nwanze, 1997; Dhillon et al., 2005 a, b).
高粱[双色高粱]小麦是继小麦、水稻、玉米和大麦之后全球第五大最重要的谷类作物(粮农组织，2011年)。在马哈拉施特拉邦，高粱种植面积为550万公顷，产量为605万吨。高粱芽蝇，Atherigona soccata Rondani(双翅目，蝇科)是最具破坏性的一种，在早期即苗期造成严重损害，持续长达4周，导致植物种群严重减少，从而造成严重的产量损失。蛆虫爬到植物的轮轴上，然后在嫩叶的褶皱之间向下移动，直到它们到达生长点。它切断生长的尖端，以腐烂的叶组织为食，导致死心脏的形成。高粱对射击蝇的抗性表现在产卵抗虫、抗菌性和耐受性方面(Sharma and Nwanze, 1997;Dhillon et al.， 2005 a, b)。
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