Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.1017/9781108620932.021
{"title":"Matter and Electromagnetic Fields","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/9781108620932.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108620932.021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":127524,"journal":{"name":"Principles of Thermodynamics","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123783626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.1017/9781108620932.013
J. Ansermet, S. Brechet
The definition of a thermodynamic system includes the characterisation of its enclosure. The system can be closed or open, adiabatic or diathermal, rigid or mobile. State variables may be extensive or intensive. State functions are functions of the state variables only. A system may be divided into subsystems separated by walls that can be impermeable or permeable, adiabatic or diathermal, fixed or mobile. The state of a system may be changed by mechanical processes or thermal processes, resulting in a thermal transfer, mass transfer or work. The first law is expressed in terms of the total energy that includes the kinetic energy, so that thermomechanical systems can be analysed, creating a conceptual link between classical mechanics and thermodynamics. By examining a damped harmonic oscillator in the framework of thermodynamics, the need for a non-mechanical state variable is revealed.
{"title":"Thermodynamic System and First Law","authors":"J. Ansermet, S. Brechet","doi":"10.1017/9781108620932.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108620932.013","url":null,"abstract":"The definition of a thermodynamic system includes the characterisation of its enclosure. The system can be closed or open, adiabatic or diathermal, rigid or mobile. State variables may be extensive or intensive. State functions are functions of the state variables only. A system may be divided into subsystems separated by walls that can be impermeable or permeable, adiabatic or diathermal, fixed or mobile. The state of a system may be changed by mechanical processes or thermal processes, resulting in a thermal transfer, mass transfer or work. The first law is expressed in terms of the total energy that includes the kinetic energy, so that thermomechanical systems can be analysed, creating a conceptual link between classical mechanics and thermodynamics. By examining a damped harmonic oscillator in the framework of thermodynamics, the need for a non-mechanical state variable is revealed.","PeriodicalId":127524,"journal":{"name":"Principles of Thermodynamics","volume":"382 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131437500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.1017/9781108620932.024
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/9781108620932.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108620932.024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":127524,"journal":{"name":"Principles of Thermodynamics","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132409494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.1017/9781108620932.015
{"title":"Thermodynamics of Subsystems","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/9781108620932.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108620932.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":127524,"journal":{"name":"Principles of Thermodynamics","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127627397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.1017/9781108620932.022
J. Ansermet, S. Brechet
Continuity equations are derived first for extensive scalar quantities, then extended to vectorial quantities. Thus, material derivatives, source densities and current densities are introduced. The formalism is applied to express the conservation of mass and charge. The continuity equation for linear momentum corresponds to Newton’s second law with a stress tensor included to account for deformations in continuous media. Evolution equations for energy are obtained. This approch yields a local Gibbs relation, the relationship betwen intenal energy current density, conductive and convective heat currents and an expression for the entropy source density in terms of generalised currents and forces. This presentation of the thermodynamics of continuous media ends with volume integrations formalises the conceptual link between the local description of continuous media with the description of simple systems subjected to thermal and mechanical processes.
{"title":"Thermodynamics of Continuous Media","authors":"J. Ansermet, S. Brechet","doi":"10.1017/9781108620932.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108620932.022","url":null,"abstract":"Continuity equations are derived first for extensive scalar quantities, then extended to vectorial quantities. Thus, material derivatives, source densities and current densities are introduced. The formalism is applied to express the conservation of mass and charge. The continuity equation for linear momentum corresponds to Newton’s second law with a stress tensor included to account for deformations in continuous media. Evolution equations for energy are obtained. This approch yields a local Gibbs relation, the relationship betwen intenal energy current density, conductive and convective heat currents and an expression for the entropy source density in terms of generalised currents and forces. This presentation of the thermodynamics of continuous media ends with volume integrations formalises the conceptual link between the local description of continuous media with the description of simple systems subjected to thermal and mechanical processes.","PeriodicalId":127524,"journal":{"name":"Principles of Thermodynamics","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130264162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-02DOI: 10.1017/9781108620932.009
K. Fic
{"title":"Chemistry and Electrochemistry","authors":"K. Fic","doi":"10.1017/9781108620932.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108620932.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":127524,"journal":{"name":"Principles of Thermodynamics","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114714511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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