Pub Date : 2005-02-01DOI: 10.1109/TCE.2005.1405733
Minqiang Jiang, N. Ling
In this paper, we present a PSNR-based frame complexity estimation to improve H.264/AVC rate control. Our scheme is based on adding PSNR-based complexity estimation to the existing mean absolute difference based (MAD-based) complexity measure to form s combined frame complexity estimation. The aim is to allocate bits more accurately, especially for frames with scene changes and high motions. Bit allocation to each frame is not just computed by encoder buffer status but also by a combined frame complexity measure. The quadratic rate-quantization (R-Q) model is used to determine the quantization parameter (QP) for each frame and the computed QP is further adjusted in two special cases. We also propose a frame skipping decision scheme to improve the performance at high frame rates. Simulation results show that the H.264 coder, using our proposed scheme, achieves better visual performances with similar or smaller PSNR deviations when compared to that of the recent JMS.6 rate control.
{"title":"On enhancing H.264/AVC video rate control by PSNR-based frame complexity estimation","authors":"Minqiang Jiang, N. Ling","doi":"10.1109/TCE.2005.1405733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCE.2005.1405733","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a PSNR-based frame complexity estimation to improve H.264/AVC rate control. Our scheme is based on adding PSNR-based complexity estimation to the existing mean absolute difference based (MAD-based) complexity measure to form s combined frame complexity estimation. The aim is to allocate bits more accurately, especially for frames with scene changes and high motions. Bit allocation to each frame is not just computed by encoder buffer status but also by a combined frame complexity measure. The quadratic rate-quantization (R-Q) model is used to determine the quantization parameter (QP) for each frame and the computed QP is further adjusted in two special cases. We also propose a frame skipping decision scheme to improve the performance at high frame rates. Simulation results show that the H.264 coder, using our proposed scheme, achieves better visual performances with similar or smaller PSNR deviations when compared to that of the recent JMS.6 rate control.","PeriodicalId":133046,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128956107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-01DOI: 10.1109/TCE.2004.1341700
Jun Yang, W. Gan, See-Ee Tang
An enhanced virtual sound imaging system using triple elevated-speaker projection is proposed. Based on the robustness analysis, an efficient auditory image correction scheme is developed to improve system performance. This is achieved by specially designed inverse filter together with HRTF filtering. The sound imaging algorithm is implemented on a TMS320C6201 EVMDSP board and subjective testing is also carried out to demonstrate the virtual sound effects.
{"title":"Development of virtual sound imaging system using triple elevated speakers","authors":"Jun Yang, W. Gan, See-Ee Tang","doi":"10.1109/TCE.2004.1341700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCE.2004.1341700","url":null,"abstract":"An enhanced virtual sound imaging system using triple elevated-speaker projection is proposed. Based on the robustness analysis, an efficient auditory image correction scheme is developed to improve system performance. This is achieved by specially designed inverse filter together with HRTF filtering. The sound imaging algorithm is implemented on a TMS320C6201 EVMDSP board and subjective testing is also carried out to demonstrate the virtual sound effects.","PeriodicalId":133046,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121352821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-01DOI: 10.1109/TCE.2004.1341706
Yen-Wen Lin, Cheng-Wei Lin
With great advances in the mobile technology and wireless communications, users expect to access the Internet anytime anywhere. However, resources on the mobile information appliances and wireless links are obviously inferior to the fixed peers. To save limited resources, actively push updated information from the data sources to the mobile users can be a good choice. However, due to particularities of mobile communications, kinds of problems are partially solved to achieve pushing timely information to the mobiles. In this paper, we present a push system with intelligence for delivering updated information to the mobile subscriber. By using the proposed push system, mobile users can obtain latest information anytime anywhere using any available appliances with personalized presentation. Experiment results show that the proposed push system can timely deliver information to the mobiles with satisfying efficiency.
{"title":"An intelligent push system for mobile clients with wireless information appliances","authors":"Yen-Wen Lin, Cheng-Wei Lin","doi":"10.1109/TCE.2004.1341706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCE.2004.1341706","url":null,"abstract":"With great advances in the mobile technology and wireless communications, users expect to access the Internet anytime anywhere. However, resources on the mobile information appliances and wireless links are obviously inferior to the fixed peers. To save limited resources, actively push updated information from the data sources to the mobile users can be a good choice. However, due to particularities of mobile communications, kinds of problems are partially solved to achieve pushing timely information to the mobiles. In this paper, we present a push system with intelligence for delivering updated information to the mobile subscriber. By using the proposed push system, mobile users can obtain latest information anytime anywhere using any available appliances with personalized presentation. Experiment results show that the proposed push system can timely deliver information to the mobiles with satisfying efficiency.","PeriodicalId":133046,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116974197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dongil Shin, Dongkyoo Shin, Eui-Jong Jeong, Jai-hoon Kim, Sungsoo Kim
As portable wireless computers become popular, mechanisms to transmit data to such users are of significant interest. Data broadcast is effective in dissemination-based applications to transfer the data to a large number of users in the asymmetric environment where the downstream communication capacity is relatively much greater than the upstream communication capacity. Index based organization of data transmitted over wireless channels is very important to reduce power consumption. We consider an efficient (1:m) indexing scheme for data broadcast on unreliable wireless networks. We model the data broadcast mechanism on the error prone wireless networks, using the Markov model. We analyze the average access time to obtain the desired data item and find that the optimal index redundancy (m) is SQRT[Data/{Index*(1-p)/sup /spl and//K}], where p is the failure rate of the wireless link, Data is the size of the data in a broadcast cycle, Index is the size of index, and K is the index level. We also measure the performance of data broadcast schemes by parametric analysis.
{"title":"Efficient data broadcast scheme on wireless link errors","authors":"Dongil Shin, Dongkyoo Shin, Eui-Jong Jeong, Jai-hoon Kim, Sungsoo Kim","doi":"10.1109/30.920471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/30.920471","url":null,"abstract":"As portable wireless computers become popular, mechanisms to transmit data to such users are of significant interest. Data broadcast is effective in dissemination-based applications to transfer the data to a large number of users in the asymmetric environment where the downstream communication capacity is relatively much greater than the upstream communication capacity. Index based organization of data transmitted over wireless channels is very important to reduce power consumption. We consider an efficient (1:m) indexing scheme for data broadcast on unreliable wireless networks. We model the data broadcast mechanism on the error prone wireless networks, using the Markov model. We analyze the average access time to obtain the desired data item and find that the optimal index redundancy (m) is SQRT[Data/{Index*(1-p)/sup /spl and//K}], where p is the failure rate of the wireless link, Data is the size of the data in a broadcast cycle, Index is the size of index, and K is the index level. We also measure the performance of data broadcast schemes by parametric analysis.","PeriodicalId":133046,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.","volume":"37 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125918934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper we propose a kind of digital-to-analog converter (DAC) with a linear interpolator, which improves the 8-bit digital signal to 12-bit data, so the resolution increases 16 times than that of a DAC without interpolation. The interpolating digital-to-analog converter (IDAC) can be used to improve the performance of DACs. IDAC technology increases the resolution of DACs and makes the output waveform of the converted analog signal much smoother than that of the original signal. The output analog signal has smaller distortion and much better property than that of DAC with low pass filter. The output speed of IDAC is about 600 MHz and the resolution in the digital part is 12-bit for interpolating performance and 10-bit for DAC converting operation. The chip is fabricated by 0.8 /spl mu/ double-metal single poly CMOS technology. The active size of chip is 1/spl times/1 mm/sup 2/. Power dissipation is 60 mW at supply 5 V. The error of the IDAC converting result is about 10 times better than that of DAC without an interpolator. The SNDR of IDAC is 68 dB.
{"title":"High speed CMOS digital-to-analog converter with linear interpolator","authors":"Hongwei Wang, C. Chan, O. Choy","doi":"10.1109/30.920470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/30.920470","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we propose a kind of digital-to-analog converter (DAC) with a linear interpolator, which improves the 8-bit digital signal to 12-bit data, so the resolution increases 16 times than that of a DAC without interpolation. The interpolating digital-to-analog converter (IDAC) can be used to improve the performance of DACs. IDAC technology increases the resolution of DACs and makes the output waveform of the converted analog signal much smoother than that of the original signal. The output analog signal has smaller distortion and much better property than that of DAC with low pass filter. The output speed of IDAC is about 600 MHz and the resolution in the digital part is 12-bit for interpolating performance and 10-bit for DAC converting operation. The chip is fabricated by 0.8 /spl mu/ double-metal single poly CMOS technology. The active size of chip is 1/spl times/1 mm/sup 2/. Power dissipation is 60 mW at supply 5 V. The error of the IDAC converting result is about 10 times better than that of DAC without an interpolator. The SNDR of IDAC is 68 dB.","PeriodicalId":133046,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121912840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Hartwig, Matthias Lück, J. Aaltonen, R. Serafat, W. Theimer
Today, we observe the creation of an increasing number of multimedia consumer devices for mobile and home use. This includes set-top-boxes, game consoles, personal digital assistants (PDA), e-books, but also mobile phones. Although these devices have many things in common with desktop PCs-above all Internet access-it is widely accepted that they will serve a different purpose. Many committees and companies are currently trying to define the open application platform for tomorrow's consumer terminals for home use, among others the so-called Multimedia Home Platform (MHP) of the European Digital Video Broadcasting (DVE) project. Meanwhile, on the cellular end of the multimedia business, portable appliances like cellular phones, e-books and PDAs are evolving to multimedia terminals, starting from narrow band Internet services like the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) and slowly adopting video technologies. One of the main obstacles to overcome is bandwidth limitation-even for 3G mobile systems-and broadcast technology is considered to be a serious candidate to fill this gap, both for TV and data services. A special challenge is to provide multimedia services in vehicles, where, due to the static environment relative to the driver, some requirements for mobile and static terminals apply at the same time. This paper summarizes some trends and opportunities of mobile multimedia-especially in the DVB and GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) domain, while outlining the different requirements for mobile, home and car use of multimedia services.
{"title":"Mobile multimedia-challenges and opportunities","authors":"S. Hartwig, Matthias Lück, J. Aaltonen, R. Serafat, W. Theimer","doi":"10.1109/30.920475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/30.920475","url":null,"abstract":"Today, we observe the creation of an increasing number of multimedia consumer devices for mobile and home use. This includes set-top-boxes, game consoles, personal digital assistants (PDA), e-books, but also mobile phones. Although these devices have many things in common with desktop PCs-above all Internet access-it is widely accepted that they will serve a different purpose. Many committees and companies are currently trying to define the open application platform for tomorrow's consumer terminals for home use, among others the so-called Multimedia Home Platform (MHP) of the European Digital Video Broadcasting (DVE) project. Meanwhile, on the cellular end of the multimedia business, portable appliances like cellular phones, e-books and PDAs are evolving to multimedia terminals, starting from narrow band Internet services like the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) and slowly adopting video technologies. One of the main obstacles to overcome is bandwidth limitation-even for 3G mobile systems-and broadcast technology is considered to be a serious candidate to fill this gap, both for TV and data services. A special challenge is to provide multimedia services in vehicles, where, due to the static environment relative to the driver, some requirements for mobile and static terminals apply at the same time. This paper summarizes some trends and opportunities of mobile multimedia-especially in the DVB and GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) domain, while outlining the different requirements for mobile, home and car use of multimedia services.","PeriodicalId":133046,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.","volume":"737 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122948297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The panel AC power, the largest portion of power consumption of data driver circuits in TFT-LCDs, comes from charging and discharging quite large capacitive loads, data lines. The proposed stepwise data driving method can reduce the panel AC power consumption into only a few percent of that of conventional ones if the number of step is large enough. In the proposed driving method, external capacitors supply charge to loads in stepwise manner, and the charge returns to the capacitors instead of being discharged to ground. This charge recycling is the basis of reduction of the panel AC power. The effect of the proposed driving scheme has been analyzed by HSPICE simulation, and more than 75% saving of power consumption has been confirmed by measurement of the fabricated test circuits with 5-stepwise driving in a 0.6 /spl mu/m-standard CMOS technology.
{"title":"Stepwise data driving method and circuits for low-power TFT-LCDs","authors":"B. Choi, O. Kwon","doi":"10.1109/30.920473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/30.920473","url":null,"abstract":"The panel AC power, the largest portion of power consumption of data driver circuits in TFT-LCDs, comes from charging and discharging quite large capacitive loads, data lines. The proposed stepwise data driving method can reduce the panel AC power consumption into only a few percent of that of conventional ones if the number of step is large enough. In the proposed driving method, external capacitors supply charge to loads in stepwise manner, and the charge returns to the capacitors instead of being discharged to ground. This charge recycling is the basis of reduction of the panel AC power. The effect of the proposed driving scheme has been analyzed by HSPICE simulation, and more than 75% saving of power consumption has been confirmed by measurement of the fabricated test circuits with 5-stepwise driving in a 0.6 /spl mu/m-standard CMOS technology.","PeriodicalId":133046,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114910128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper proposed a method of gradation data processing and heating control for color thermal printers. The method's aim is to shorten a printing time by way of reduction in the data amount transmitted to a thermal print head (TPH) and more uniformly distribute heat during a line print time interval. A hardware design was also presented for implementing the proposed method.
{"title":"A method of gray level data processing and heating control for color thermal printers","authors":"Shih-Mim Liu, C.-c. Tsai","doi":"10.1109/30.920472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/30.920472","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposed a method of gradation data processing and heating control for color thermal printers. The method's aim is to shorten a printing time by way of reduction in the data amount transmitted to a thermal print head (TPH) and more uniformly distribute heat during a line print time interval. A hardware design was also presented for implementing the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":133046,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124031882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kwang-deok Seo, Sang-Hee Lee, Jae-Kyoon Kim, Jong-Seog Koh
In this paper, a new rate control algorithm is introduced as a solution for fast rate control requirements in transcoding. The specific transcoding problem mentioned in this paper is referred to as bit-rate conversion. For video services in heterogeneous network environments, it is necessary to convert the bit-rate of a compressed video to match it to transmission channels of lower capacity. The transcoding of coded video streams by requantization in the DCT (discrete cosine transform) domain is considered as a promising technique for its low complexity and acceptable picture quality. We carried out extensive simulations for many kinds of video sequences to find a novel R-Q (rate-quantization) model in the requantization process and found a piecewise linearly decreasing model. Exploiting this model we propose an efficient rate control algorithm for fast transcoding. Since the proposed algorithm requires much lower complexity than conventional algorithms and inherently avoids additional steps of implementation for a scene adaptive rate control in the transcoder, it has a significant advantage as a rate control algorithm for transcoding.
{"title":"Rate control algorithm for fast bit-rate conversion transcoding","authors":"Kwang-deok Seo, Sang-Hee Lee, Jae-Kyoon Kim, Jong-Seog Koh","doi":"10.1109/30.920469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/30.920469","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new rate control algorithm is introduced as a solution for fast rate control requirements in transcoding. The specific transcoding problem mentioned in this paper is referred to as bit-rate conversion. For video services in heterogeneous network environments, it is necessary to convert the bit-rate of a compressed video to match it to transmission channels of lower capacity. The transcoding of coded video streams by requantization in the DCT (discrete cosine transform) domain is considered as a promising technique for its low complexity and acceptable picture quality. We carried out extensive simulations for many kinds of video sequences to find a novel R-Q (rate-quantization) model in the requantization process and found a piecewise linearly decreasing model. Exploiting this model we propose an efficient rate control algorithm for fast transcoding. Since the proposed algorithm requires much lower complexity than conventional algorithms and inherently avoids additional steps of implementation for a scene adaptive rate control in the transcoder, it has a significant advantage as a rate control algorithm for transcoding.","PeriodicalId":133046,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127564328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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