20th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development Proceedings最新文献

{"title":"Physical mechanical properties evaluation of experimental granulated poultry manure fertilizer","authors":"Ramūnas Mieldažys, E. Jotautienė, A. Jasinskas","doi":"10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf085","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":137227,"journal":{"name":"20th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114442826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Riskeness of public-private partnership concept","authors":"R. Tomek","doi":"10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf184","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":137227,"journal":{"name":"20th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124344013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy consumption by solar-powered watercraft at various speed settings","authors":"D. Berjoza, I. Jurgena, V. Osadcuks","doi":"10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf380","url":null,"abstract":"Since the world’s energy resources decrease, it is necessary to seek for opportunities to use renewable energy sources. One of the renewable sources is solar energy. During the last decade, solar energy was used by stationary installations for electricity generation, yet the use of solar energy by mobile installations is limited due to the size of solar photovoltaic panels. Modern vehicles typically use low-power solar panels to charge their batteries and power low-power electric devices. The present research used a plastic hull boat equipped with a standard electric motor Minn Kota Endura 30 and a 330W 36 V photovoltaic panel. Two experiments were conducted on the boat. During the pilot experiment, a distance of 41.5 km was covered by the boat equipped with a 5 Ah battery and a solar panel in 8.5 hours. The experiment was conducted on the Lielupe River upstream and downstream, seeking to reach the highest speed at different solar intensities in the month of August. The second experiment was conducted in September on a circular route in standing water, operating the boat at 5 different speed settings with average motor current consumption ranging from 7.3 to 21.86 A. The experiment identified the battery’s charging and discharging current and voltage, and the motor’s current and voltage at all the speed settings. The experiments showed that on a sunny day in the conditions in Latvia, the boat equipped with a stationary 330W solar photovoltaic panel can reach a maximum speed of up to 6 kmh without using the battery. The efficiency of the solar panel was significantly affected by the direction of the boat’s movement, which affected the angle of solar radiation and therefore the efficiency of the solar panel. To improve the efficiency of the solar panel, it is necessary to design a solar panel angle adjustment device that should be controlled automatically. Such a device is planned to be developed at the next stages of the research.","PeriodicalId":137227,"journal":{"name":"20th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121178250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology of electrospark hardening of cutting surface of feed mixer knives","authors":"S. Strebkov, A. Slobodyuk, A. Bondarev","doi":"10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf187","url":null,"abstract":"The research is aimed at ensuring the durability of the knives of a feed mixer-distributor with a vertical cutting-chopping and mixing scheme of feed preparation. The analysis of the wear process of the feed mixer knife found that the loss of performance occurs due to the violation of the geometry of the working edge of the knife in the course of mainly abrasive wear. The required level of durability can be achieved by reducing the wear rate. Strengthening the front surface of the knife cutting teeth increases the resource of the working body. Strengthening by electrospark alloying is considered as one of the technological methods. At the same time, an increase in the hardness of the working surface of the edge is achieved, while providing both fatigue and impact strength. When developing the technology, a comparison was made of various materials for forming a coating. The optimal rods are made of steel R5M6 (HSS) and a surfacing electrode T-590. The development of the operating parameters of coating deposition on the BIG-4 installation showed that the oscillation frequency of the electrode and the pulse energy have the greatest influence on the quality of the resulting coating. A microstructural analysis of the coating obtained during alloying in terms of microhardness and porosity has been carried out. For practical use, a technology has been developed and applied for hardening the knives of the feed mixer made of grade 45 carbon steel, which have acquired wear resistance at the level of knives made of 65G manganese steel spring. The results of life tests of hardened working bodies in the production conditions of a company engaged in dairy cattle breeding are presented, which showed an increase in the resource of the feed mixer knives by 67%. Conclusions are made about the expediency of using the developed technology to obtain a hardening coating on the cutting edge of the feed mixer knife.","PeriodicalId":137227,"journal":{"name":"20th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116656205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility analysis of cultivated berry field layout for automated cultivation","authors":"K. Soots, Tormi Lillerand, E. Jogi, Indrek Virro, J. Olt","doi":"10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf222","url":null,"abstract":"Automation is a solution, which can be used by modern farmers to aid them in reducing manpower requirements in the fields. There are currently a number of development teams, which are making strides towards the development of automated solutions for operations which are related to various agricultural tasks. When possible, electric drives are used as motors for automated field robots. Fields are usually located in remote areas with no easily-available power grid to which to connect. Instead, locally-produced electrical energy from a renewable source is used to charge the batteries of field robots. Automated equipment which is operating in fields could benefit from the addition of what, in essence, is a service station, which could take care of the following tasks: 1) transporting field robots and all the necessary accessories, goods, fertiliser, plant protection products, and so on into the field; 2) electrical energy generation and accumulation; 3) charging the batteries for the field robots; 4) filling the tanks of the field robots; 5) ensuring communications with the field robot or a swarm of such robots, and between the farmer and remote databases. The aim of this article was to study the suitability of existing cultivated berry fields in terms of being able to apply a solution, which involves automation and precision cultivation, with the continued operability of such automation being ensured by the presence of a service station. In order to be able to fulfil the aims of this article, the initial data that weere collected in relation to the berry plantation, plus the specific berry cultivar and field robot type, will all be presented here. A discussion will be held in terms of suitable solutions for the supply of electrical energy to automated berry fields and, as a result of processing the collected data, proposals will be made for the layout of the crops, the layout and location of the service station, and also the trajectory of the field robot in the field itself.","PeriodicalId":137227,"journal":{"name":"20th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116616404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increase of economic efficiency of agricultural land management on regional level","authors":"D. Vasilieva, A. Vlasov, V. Parsova, G. Khasaev","doi":"10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf069","url":null,"abstract":". Sustainable economic development of the territory depends on involvement of land resources in economic turnover and increase of efficiency of their use. Land management efficiency at the municipal level in the Russian Federation is complicated by constant changes in land legislation, insufficient funding for measures to eliminate deficiencies in land use and improve the condition of land, inconsistency of governing bodies in the land sphere, the lack of development of the land market. Economic instruments are very important measure within land relations between land users and landowners and the state institutions, associated with payment for land use, mainly with land tax and real estate tax. Land payments are local taxes, therefore they are the financial base of regional budgets and play a significant role in the economic development of regions. Analysis of current system of land payments showed that they do not cover the entire land stock, there is a large number of beneficiaries exempted from payments, land payments are used inappropriately, etc. It means that serious changes should be made in the current system of land payments, and the rate of payments should be clarified. The land market development in relation to agricultural land is at a low level, so, when determining the cadastral value of land plots from agricultural land, it is impossible to use the market approach. Therefore, mainly the income approach is used for the cost, using the method of estimated land rent capitalization. As the territory of investigation Samara region has been chosen. The goal of the article is to analyse mechanisms for increasing the economic efficiency of land management in the category of agricultural land. Analysis of cadastral valuation conducted in 2020 showed that the cadastral value of land plots intended for agricultural production has increased by more than 7 times since 2021 in Samara region. Underdevelopment of agricultural land market in Samara region is connected with prolongation of the region’s moratorium on agricultural land privatization till 2024. At present the highest offer prices for land plots are in municipal districts situated in the central and northern agro-climatic zone, near large settlements, which are the main consumers of agricultural products. This does not coincide with the indicators of the cadastral value. Therefore, it is possible to increase the number of disputes with the results of cadastral valuation in courts and decrease the municipal budgets. To valuation are subjected real estate objects registered in the Unified state register of real estate. Currently this register has been formed on the basis of declarations, therefore the database is not sufficiently comprehensive according to the number of objects and qualitative and quantitative characteristics of real estate. Budget income on base of property taxes should take place not only as a result of increase of the cadastral value as tax base. It should be based on ","PeriodicalId":137227,"journal":{"name":"20th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132477583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and benefits of remote learning in context of competence development of engineering students during covid-19 pandemic","authors":"A. Vintere, E. Aruvee, D. Rimkuviene","doi":"10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf360","url":null,"abstract":"For almost a year now, due to the restrictions of the Covid-19 pandemic, engineering studies at all universities have been organized remotely. Challenges of remote studies, which are not usually relevant in the face-to-face learning environment, are now emerging. This leads to new learning experiences that open opportunities to develop the competencies needed by engineering professionals. This article analysis challenges and benefits of remote learning at three Baltics States universities with focus on influence to the development of personal, social and learning to learn competence. The theoretical basis of the research is formed by self-directed learning findings, focusing on students' purposefulness and responsibility for learning. The empirical part is based on a survey of engineering students from the Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, the Vytautas Magnus University and the Estonian University of Life Sciences on the challenges and benefits of remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that almost a quarter of the respondents prefer remote studies, which are mainly based on the principles of self-directed learning. Main challenges in the context of personal competence are difficulty focusing or paying attention to remote studies, and also motivation/desire to complete assignments, in the context of social competence - communication with the teacher but learning to learn competence - digital skills to use distance learning platforms and tools and also the problem of availability of information on remote studies. The main differences between the countries: Estonian students communicate much more with each other, Lithuanians have the best digital skills to use distance learning platforms and tools, but almost all Latvians and Estonians participated in online lectures. © 2021 Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":137227,"journal":{"name":"20th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117034470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental research in liquid batcher mixer","authors":"A. Kolesnikov, N. Vodolazskaya, Alexan Minasyan, K. Kazakov","doi":"10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":137227,"journal":{"name":"20th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117190951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Snow melioration effect on winter wheat yields in different soil and climatic zones","authors":"P. Tarasenko, V. Tarbaev, D. Vasilieva, M. Morozov","doi":"10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf215","url":null,"abstract":"Under conditions of ongoing climate warming and increasing anthropogenic impact on land resources, the use of moisture-saving soil-protecting technologies becomes especially important. Snow cover is of great importance for agriculture, as it changes radiation and thermal balance of underlying surface, protecting soil from cooling and winter crops from freezing, accumulates winter precipitation, being the most important source of increasing soil moisture reserves in arid and subarid zones in spring. Winter precipitation accounts for up to 30% of the annual norm. Soil moisture reserves formed with their help take up to 42% in total water consumption for grain crop yield formation during wet summer and up to 75% during dry summer. This article aims to study the effect of different methods of snow retention and snow cover height on the yield of grain crops. An effective method of snow retention is leaving high stubble after harvesting winter and spring crops. Leaving stubble bushes with a height of 0.35-0.40 m and a width of 1.5 m every 4.5 m provides accumulation of a solid snow cover in steppe areas with a height of 0.30-0.35 m, which increases the yield of wheat. Waders provide a more uniform distribution of snow cover than forest strips. Climate change contributes to the fact that snow retention becomes an urgent problem not only in the dry steppe, but also to the north even in the forest-steppe. Creation of snow retarders was done on Vetelny state farm, located in Balashovsky district in the western part of Saratov region, in the steppe zone, where chernozem soils prevail in the soil cover. In the autumn period, snow barriers were installed, and in the winter period, their effect on snow accumulation was studied. The study of the effect of snow barriers on soil moisture accumulation during the growing season of winter wheat was compared in the zones of dry steppe, steppe and forest-steppe. It was revealed that during regrowth of winter wheat the least amount of productive moisture stocks in 0-1.0 m soil layer was contained in dry steppe 1377 m·ha, the highest in forest-steppe zone up to 1841 m·ha. Snow retention increased the amount of moisture in the soil in the dry steppe, steppe and foreststeppe zone by 251, 151, 115-131 m·ha, or 18, 10, 6-8%, respectively. Thus, rational use of winter precipitation is a significant reserve of agricultural landscape productivity increase, especially in dry-steppe areas.","PeriodicalId":137227,"journal":{"name":"20th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126383912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}