Pub Date : 2018-12-24DOI: 10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.03
Derick Basbas Canceran, C. Saloma
Finding the optimal schedule for the 82 games played by each of its 32 teams in a regular season is a continuing challenge for the National Basketball Association (NBA). We examine the schedules of the regular NBA games in the last 22 seasons including the current one to find possible trends in its key parameters - distance traveled during road games and number of successive (e.g. back-to-back) games played. To reduce operational cost and to keep a level playing field, the total distance traveled and the number of back-to-back games must be kept to a minimal and the same for all teams. Data have shown that teams are unlikely to win twice in back-to-back games. We implement a scheduling algorithm that aims to minimize a cost function that incorporates the key parameters as its variables. For the same season duration, the algorithm has been able to reduce the number of back-to-back games by 24% while increasing the total distance traveled by 25%.
{"title":"Towards a more efficient scheduling of regular NBA games","authors":"Derick Basbas Canceran, C. Saloma","doi":"10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.03","url":null,"abstract":"Finding the optimal schedule for the 82 games played by each of its 32 teams in a regular season is a continuing challenge for the National Basketball Association (NBA). We examine the schedules of the regular NBA games in the last 22 seasons including the current one to find possible trends in its key parameters - distance traveled during road games and number of successive (e.g. back-to-back) games played. To reduce operational cost and to keep a level playing field, the total distance traveled and the number of back-to-back games must be kept to a minimal and the same for all teams. Data have shown that teams are unlikely to win twice in back-to-back games. We implement a scheduling algorithm that aims to minimize a cost function that incorporates the key parameters as its variables. For the same season duration, the algorithm has been able to reduce the number of back-to-back games by 24% while increasing the total distance traveled by 25%.","PeriodicalId":142753,"journal":{"name":"PISIKA - Journal of the Physics Society of the Philippines","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122180988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-24DOI: 10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.08
Carlos Intalan Encarnacion, J. Maquiling
In this study, the optimal weight percent ratio of resin and aggregate for a polymer-granular matter composite (PGMC) was determined in terms of its compressive strength. The PGMC was made with polyester for its resin, and white sand as its aggregate. The weight percent ratios of the PGMC varied as follows: 15:85, 20:80, and 25:75 for resin and aggregate respectively. The PGMC specimens underwent a compression test after a curing period of seven days at room temperature to determine its compression strength. Results indicate that the PGMC with weight percent ratio 25:75 had the highest average compression strength out of the three types at 76.4 MPa which is more than twice the strength of cement-based concrete. The 15:85 and 20:80 PGMCs yielded average compression strengths of 19.8 MPa and 60.8 MPa respectively. The most common fracture type for the PGMCs having weight percent ratios 20:80 and 25:75 was shear, occurring 83.3% of the time. On the other hand, the PGMC having weight percent ratio 15:85 displayed shear wedge fracture for five of the six trials.
{"title":"Strength and fracture analysis of polymer-granular matter composites at variable weight percent ratio","authors":"Carlos Intalan Encarnacion, J. Maquiling","doi":"10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.08","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the optimal weight percent ratio of resin and aggregate for a polymer-granular matter composite (PGMC) was determined in terms of its compressive strength. The PGMC was made with polyester for its resin, and white sand as its aggregate. The weight percent ratios of the PGMC varied as follows: 15:85, 20:80, and 25:75 for resin and aggregate respectively. The PGMC specimens underwent a compression test after a curing period of seven days at room temperature to determine its compression strength. Results indicate that the PGMC with weight percent ratio 25:75 had the highest average compression strength out of the three types at 76.4 MPa which is more than twice the strength of cement-based concrete. The 15:85 and 20:80 PGMCs yielded average compression strengths of 19.8 MPa and 60.8 MPa respectively. The most common fracture type for the PGMCs having weight percent ratios 20:80 and 25:75 was shear, occurring 83.3% of the time. On the other hand, the PGMC having weight percent ratio 15:85 displayed shear wedge fracture for five of the six trials.","PeriodicalId":142753,"journal":{"name":"PISIKA - Journal of the Physics Society of the Philippines","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126418797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-24DOI: 10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.11
J. Asubar, H. Tokuda, M. Kuzuhara, Zenji Yatabe, K. Nishiguchi, T. Hashizume
AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility-transistors (HEMTs) are expected to revolutionize the power-switching technology owing to excellent intrinsic material properties of GaN, which include wide bandgap, high carrier saturation velocity, large critical electric field, and good thermal conductivity. However, the widespread deployment of these devices is still hounded by stability issues such as current collapse, kink effect, transconductance collapse, and self-heating. To address these issues, we developed the multi-mesa-channel (MMC) HEMT, in which a periodic trench structure is fabricated only under the gate electrode. The formation of the periodic trench results into parallel nanowire channels with 2-D electron gas (2DEG) surrounded by the gate electrode. A surrounding-field effect in the MMC structure results in a shallower threshold voltage, thus giving another degree of freedom for obtaining enhancement mode operation. In this work, we would present experimental results that demonstrate the superior performance of MMC AlGaN/GaN HEMTs over their conventional planar counterparts. On top of being less vulnerable to current collapse, MMC devices also exhibit improved linearity, stability, and thermal performance, which are all positive attributes required for optimum device operation.
{"title":"Improved linearity, stability, and thermal performance of multi-mesa-channel AlGaN/GaN HEMTs","authors":"J. Asubar, H. Tokuda, M. Kuzuhara, Zenji Yatabe, K. Nishiguchi, T. Hashizume","doi":"10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.11","url":null,"abstract":"AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility-transistors (HEMTs) are expected to revolutionize the power-switching technology owing to excellent intrinsic material properties of GaN, which include wide bandgap, high carrier saturation velocity, large critical electric field, and good thermal conductivity. However, the widespread deployment of these devices is still hounded by stability issues such as current collapse, kink effect, transconductance collapse, and self-heating. To address these issues, we developed the multi-mesa-channel (MMC) HEMT, in which a periodic trench structure is fabricated only under the gate electrode. The formation of the periodic trench results into parallel nanowire channels with 2-D electron gas (2DEG) surrounded by the gate electrode. A surrounding-field effect in the MMC structure results in a shallower threshold voltage, thus giving another degree of freedom for obtaining enhancement mode operation. In this work, we would present experimental results that demonstrate the superior performance of MMC AlGaN/GaN HEMTs over their conventional planar counterparts. On top of being less vulnerable to current collapse, MMC devices also exhibit improved linearity, stability, and thermal performance, which are all positive attributes required for optimum device operation.","PeriodicalId":142753,"journal":{"name":"PISIKA - Journal of the Physics Society of the Philippines","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127801917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-24DOI: 10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.05
Jobeth Gazmen Martecio, Bhazel Anne R. Pelicano
In this study, the signal transmission and the spiking patterns of a CA3 pyramidal neuron were simulated through a 69-compartment model with branching dendritic structure. For the simulation, we numerically solved coupled first-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations using fourth order Runge-Kutta method with step size of 2.5×10-3ms. By introducing steady current into the soma, action potentials (APs) were induced. Results reveal two main firing properties of CA3 pyramidal neuron under constant stimulation current: spike frequency adaptation and intrinsic bursting. Results also show AP is initiated in the axon-initial segment 12.5µm - 87.75µm from the center of the soma and propagated retrogradely (backpropagation) into the dendrites. APs propagated in the axon displayed no attenuation while APs backpropagated in dendrites demonstrated decrease in amplitude and increase in spike duration. The calculated backpropagation ratio, (15.6±0.18) × 10-2, suggests that backpropagating APs underwent significant attenuation.
{"title":"Action potential initiation and propagation in a branching dendritic model of a CA3 pyramidal neuron","authors":"Jobeth Gazmen Martecio, Bhazel Anne R. Pelicano","doi":"10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.05","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the signal transmission and the spiking patterns of a CA3 pyramidal neuron were simulated through a 69-compartment model with branching dendritic structure. For the simulation, we numerically solved coupled first-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations using fourth order Runge-Kutta method with step size of 2.5×10-3ms. By introducing steady current into the soma, action potentials (APs) were induced. Results reveal two main firing properties of CA3 pyramidal neuron under constant stimulation current: spike frequency adaptation and intrinsic bursting. Results also show AP is initiated in the axon-initial segment 12.5µm - 87.75µm from the center of the soma and propagated retrogradely (backpropagation) into the dendrites. APs propagated in the axon displayed no attenuation while APs backpropagated in dendrites demonstrated decrease in amplitude and increase in spike duration. The calculated backpropagation ratio, (15.6±0.18) × 10-2, suggests that backpropagating APs underwent significant attenuation.","PeriodicalId":142753,"journal":{"name":"PISIKA - Journal of the Physics Society of the Philippines","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133217012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-24DOI: 10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.06
Jejomar Yape Derecho, May T. Lim
Analyzing the flow of news across national boundaries can increase our understanding of a country's perspective of the global scene. This paper utilized the GDELT Project's database of English news articles to determine the trends in the global coverage of international news topics. The distributions of the time delays before a country catches on a particular news topic were studied. It was found that major countries, such as the United States, and countries with an English-speaking population generally have smaller time delays in publishing articles written in the English language. By using average linkage hierarchical clustering, common trends in the distributions of publishing time lags were determined and countries following the same patterns were found. The clustering of these distributions correlate with the geographical proximity of the countries.
{"title":"Trends in the spread of global news in the English language","authors":"Jejomar Yape Derecho, May T. Lim","doi":"10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.06","url":null,"abstract":"Analyzing the flow of news across national boundaries can increase our understanding of a country's perspective of the global scene. This paper utilized the GDELT Project's database of English news articles to determine the trends in the global coverage of international news topics. The distributions of the time delays before a country catches on a particular news topic were studied. It was found that major countries, such as the United States, and countries with an English-speaking population generally have smaller time delays in publishing articles written in the English language. By using average linkage hierarchical clustering, common trends in the distributions of publishing time lags were determined and countries following the same patterns were found. The clustering of these distributions correlate with the geographical proximity of the countries.","PeriodicalId":142753,"journal":{"name":"PISIKA - Journal of the Physics Society of the Philippines","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117323090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-24DOI: 10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.07
Bea Barolo Artuz, Kathleen Mae M. Juadiong, Rhenish C. Simon, Astrid Korina S. Gabo
The disaster response team of Metropolitan Manila prepares for the 'Big One,' focusing on information dissemination as to what must be done when the earthquake happens. In order to make a quick and safe evacuation, it is necessary to formulate a clear-cut evacuation plan, specifically, to create evacuation routes. In this study, earthquake evacuation was simulated from Philippine General Hospital (PGH) to Rizal Park to identify optimal evacuation routes quantitatively using genetic algorithm (GA) and geospatial data. The problem was treated as a multi-objective optimization problem wherein the evacuation distance was minimized and the arrival probability maximized. Road networks were mapped using Geographical Information System (GIS) and information on road lengths and road blockage probability were imported to python. GA was used to search for optimal evacuation routes. The algorithm yielded a front of Pareto-optimal solutions. Subsequently, analytic hierarchical process (AHP) was applied to select the best optimal evacuation route according to preference. The best route identified has a distance of 1089.32 m and an arrival probability of 0.504. The model contributes to the preparation and planning of evacuation in the event of the 'Big One' ensuring the safest and most efficient evacuation route.
{"title":"Identifying optimal earthquake evacuation routes using genetic algorithm","authors":"Bea Barolo Artuz, Kathleen Mae M. Juadiong, Rhenish C. Simon, Astrid Korina S. Gabo","doi":"10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.07","url":null,"abstract":"The disaster response team of Metropolitan Manila prepares for the 'Big One,' focusing on information dissemination as to what must be done when the earthquake happens. In order to make a quick and safe evacuation, it is necessary to formulate a clear-cut evacuation plan, specifically, to create evacuation routes. In this study, earthquake evacuation was simulated from Philippine General Hospital (PGH) to Rizal Park to identify optimal evacuation routes quantitatively using genetic algorithm (GA) and geospatial data. The problem was treated as a multi-objective optimization problem wherein the evacuation distance was minimized and the arrival probability maximized. Road networks were mapped using Geographical Information System (GIS) and information on road lengths and road blockage probability were imported to python. GA was used to search for optimal evacuation routes. The algorithm yielded a front of Pareto-optimal solutions. Subsequently, analytic hierarchical process (AHP) was applied to select the best optimal evacuation route according to preference. The best route identified has a distance of 1089.32 m and an arrival probability of 0.504. The model contributes to the preparation and planning of evacuation in the event of the 'Big One' ensuring the safest and most efficient evacuation route.","PeriodicalId":142753,"journal":{"name":"PISIKA - Journal of the Physics Society of the Philippines","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129678082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-24DOI: 10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.12
M. Revilla, J. C. Lorenzo, J. Narag, N. Hermosa
In this paper, we show that cloaking region can be achieved with four converging lenses of any focal length by solving the ray transfer matrix of a four lens optical system. It has been shown before that cloaking can be achieved using four converging lenses (so-called Rochester cloaks). However, those cloaks require having 2 sets of 2 lenses with equal focal lengths, which we did not impose. We also discuss in this paper how the separation lengths between the lenses are affected by their focal lengths. In addition, we show how our formulas hold under Rochester cloak conditions.
{"title":"Paraxial optics cloak using four converging lenses with arbitrary focal lengths","authors":"M. Revilla, J. C. Lorenzo, J. Narag, N. Hermosa","doi":"10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.12","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we show that cloaking region can be achieved with four converging lenses of any focal length by solving the ray transfer matrix of a four lens optical system. It has been shown before that cloaking can be achieved using four converging lenses (so-called Rochester cloaks). However, those cloaks require having 2 sets of 2 lenses with equal focal lengths, which we did not impose. We also discuss in this paper how the separation lengths between the lenses are affected by their focal lengths. In addition, we show how our formulas hold under Rochester cloak conditions.","PeriodicalId":142753,"journal":{"name":"PISIKA - Journal of the Physics Society of the Philippines","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131828365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-24DOI: 10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.02
L. J. F. Sese, R. Gammag
A two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) under a perpendicular magnetic field is considered. For a given Landau level, the chemical potential can be approximated to have a linear dependence on the magnetic field. This approximation is valid except when complete filling is reached (integer filling factor). The chemical potential oscillation yields a recursion relation for every Landau level. This gives way to an exact form of the magnetization. The derivations herein hold at low temperature.
{"title":"Linear chemical potential leading to a closed form of the magnetization of a 2DEG in a perpendicular magnetic field","authors":"L. J. F. Sese, R. Gammag","doi":"10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.02","url":null,"abstract":"A two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) under a perpendicular magnetic field is considered. For a given Landau level, the chemical potential can be approximated to have a linear dependence on the magnetic field. This approximation is valid except when complete filling is reached (integer filling factor). The chemical potential oscillation yields a recursion relation for every Landau level. This gives way to an exact form of the magnetization. The derivations herein hold at low temperature.","PeriodicalId":142753,"journal":{"name":"PISIKA - Journal of the Physics Society of the Philippines","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134056611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-24DOI: 10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.04
Leodegario Urgel Lorenzo, Ricarido Jr Saturay, R. Solidum
Early warning systems for deep-seated landslides are recommended to have three levels; ordinary, pre-alarm, and alarm. Defining landslide kinematics threshold values for each level is difficult due to the large variability of geological and meteorological conditions of each site, coupled with the social implications of false and missed alerts. Although historical pre-failure values of velocity and acceleration may be used as thresholds for the alarm level, thresholds for pre-alarm level are indefinite since it is based only on the seasonal oscillations of the landslide displacement. To create a systematic and robust method of defining pre-alarm threshold values based on historical values of displacement, we evaluate the performance of four different landslide kinematic thresholds namely, displacement, average velocity, spline computed velocity, and spline computed acceleration, in predicting landslide acceleration using receiver operating characteristic convex hull analysis. We select the optimal parameter depending on the cost of false and missed alerts. We use the ground data of the 50 identified deep-seated landslide risk sites of the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology - Dynaslope Project to evaluate the performance of these parameters. We found that the spline computed quantities provide the optimal parameter for majority of the displacement data. The obtained threshold values were consistent in order of magnitude demonstrating the robustness of the method. In future studies, other external landslide triggering factors may be included in the selection process.
{"title":"Obtaining pre-alarm thresholds for deep-seated landslides using receiver operating characteristic convex hull analysis of slope kinematics","authors":"Leodegario Urgel Lorenzo, Ricarido Jr Saturay, R. Solidum","doi":"10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.04","url":null,"abstract":"Early warning systems for deep-seated landslides are recommended to have three levels; ordinary, pre-alarm, and alarm. Defining landslide kinematics threshold values for each level is difficult due to the large variability of geological and meteorological conditions of each site, coupled with the social implications of false and missed alerts. Although historical pre-failure values of velocity and acceleration may be used as thresholds for the alarm level, thresholds for pre-alarm level are indefinite since it is based only on the seasonal oscillations of the landslide displacement. To create a systematic and robust method of defining pre-alarm threshold values based on historical values of displacement, we evaluate the performance of four different landslide kinematic thresholds namely, displacement, average velocity, spline computed velocity, and spline computed acceleration, in predicting landslide acceleration using receiver operating characteristic convex hull analysis. We select the optimal parameter depending on the cost of false and missed alerts. We use the ground data of the 50 identified deep-seated landslide risk sites of the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology - Dynaslope Project to evaluate the performance of these parameters. We found that the spline computed quantities provide the optimal parameter for majority of the displacement data. The obtained threshold values were consistent in order of magnitude demonstrating the robustness of the method. In future studies, other external landslide triggering factors may be included in the selection process.","PeriodicalId":142753,"journal":{"name":"PISIKA - Journal of the Physics Society of the Philippines","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125002475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-10DOI: 10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.09
E. Cuansing, Jian-Sheng Wang
We configure a nanojunction to function as a quantum engine by making the tunnel couplings between the channel and the leads dynamic and applying a time-dependent gate potential. The individual dynamics of each of the couplings to the leads as well as the gate potential are then made to follow an operating protocol so that electrons are pumped from the left lead, through the channel, and on to the right lead. We express the electron energy current flowing across the device in terms of nonequilibrium Green's functions. Using the Keldysh formalism, we then express these nonequilibrium Green's functions in terms of steady-state Green's functions. The steady-state Green's functions, in turn, are expressed in terms of the equilibrium Green's functions of the free leads. Equilibrium Green's functions are determined from the equation of motion of each free lead.
{"title":"A quantum engine by pumping electrons in a nanojunction with a single gate and dynamic tunnel couplings to the leads","authors":"E. Cuansing, Jian-Sheng Wang","doi":"10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20526/PISIKA.01A18.09","url":null,"abstract":"We configure a nanojunction to function as a quantum engine by making the tunnel couplings between the channel and the leads dynamic and applying a time-dependent gate potential. The individual dynamics of each of the couplings to the leads as well as the gate potential are then made to follow an operating protocol so that electrons are pumped from the left lead, through the channel, and on to the right lead. We express the electron energy current flowing across the device in terms of nonequilibrium Green's functions. Using the Keldysh formalism, we then express these nonequilibrium Green's functions in terms of steady-state Green's functions. The steady-state Green's functions, in turn, are expressed in terms of the equilibrium Green's functions of the free leads. Equilibrium Green's functions are determined from the equation of motion of each free lead.","PeriodicalId":142753,"journal":{"name":"PISIKA - Journal of the Physics Society of the Philippines","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122128360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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