Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-IA06
S. O'keefe, Annette S Wilson, Kathryn R Koller, Christie A. Flanagan, Flora Sapp, G. Day, P. Holck, B. Methé, A. Morris, Jia V. Li, J. Kinross, T. Thomas
Alaska Native People (AN) suffer the highest recorded incidence of CRC globally (100:100,000) and thus have the greatest risk of dying from this disease. Diet drives genetic susceptibility risk factors, and there is convincing evidence that high consumption rates of red and processed meats and fat increase risk, while a diet rich in fiber suppresses risk. We have shown that the high risk of colon cancer in African Americans (~65:100,000) is suppressed by increasing the consumption of high-fiber foods, in part driven by the health-promoting and antineoplastic influence of colonic microbiome cometabolites (e.g., short chain fatty acids [SCFA] and butyrate) and the suppression of inflammatory and procarcinogenic cometabolites (e.g., conjugated bile acids, nitrogenous end products). This study aimed to determine if dietary-microbiome metabolism explains the extreme risk of colon cancer in AN. 20 adults living in Anchorage and 9 in Barrow (age range 40-65 years) were prospectively recruited and dietary data were recorded. This cohort was compared to 25 native Africans who consume a high-fiber diet (>50g/day) and have an extremely low risk of colon cancer ( Citation Format: Stephen O9Keefe, Annette Wilson, Kathryn Koller, Christie Flanagan, Flora Sapp, Gretchen Day, Peter Holck, Barbara Methe, Alison Morris, Jia Li, James Kinross, Timothy Thomas. Changes in the composition and activity of the colonic microbiome that may explain the extreme risk of colon cancer in Alaskan Native People [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Tenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2017 Sep 25-28; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018;27(7 Suppl):Abstract nr IA06.
阿拉斯加原住民(AN)的CRC发病率是全球最高的(100:100,000)，因此死于这种疾病的风险最大。饮食驱动遗传易感性风险因素，有令人信服的证据表明，红肉、加工肉类和脂肪的高消费率会增加风险，而富含纤维的饮食则会抑制风险。我们已经证明，非裔美国人(65:100,000)患结肠癌的高风险可以通过增加高纤维食物的摄入而得到抑制，部分原因是结肠微生物群共代谢物(如短链脂肪酸[SCFA]和丁酸盐)具有促进健康和抗肿瘤的作用，以及抑制炎症和致癌前共代谢物(如共轭胆囊酸、含氮终产物)。这项研究旨在确定饮食微生物组代谢是否解释了AN患者患结肠癌的极端风险。前瞻性地招募了20名居住在安克雷奇的成年人和9名居住在巴罗的成年人(年龄在40-65岁之间)，并记录了他们的饮食数据。该队列与25名食用高纤维饮食(>50克/天)且患结肠癌风险极低的非洲原住民进行了比较(引文格式:Stephen O9Keefe, Annette Wilson, Kathryn Koller, Christie Flanagan, Flora Sapp, Gretchen day, Peter Holck, Barbara Methe, Alison Morris, Jia Li, James Kinross, Timothy Thomas)。结肠微生物组成和活性的变化可能解释阿拉斯加土著人患结肠癌的极端风险[摘要]。见:第十届AACR会议论文集:种族/少数民族和医疗服务不足人群的癌症健康差异科学;2017年9月25-28日;亚特兰大,乔治亚州。费城(PA): AACR;癌症流行病学与生物标志物杂志，2018;27(7增刊):摘要nr IA06。
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