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Effect of physical activity status and dietary habits on pulmonary functions 体育活动状况和饮食习惯对肺功能的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/jmp.20190125094008
B. Ibrahim, A. Osman
BACKGROUND: There is a widely recognized fact that people who are more physically active and have healthy dietary habits tend to have a higher degree of fitness and physical activity that can promote respiratory health, which increases the efficiency of pulmonary function. Objective: The aim of the present study to explore the effect of physical activity, physical inactivity and dietary habits on pulmonary function. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed during the period from August to December 2017, at Faculty of Medicine, Omdurman Al-Ahlia University (OAU), Omdurman, Sudan. The study included 207 medical students (100 males - 107 females) between the ages of 15-25 years. The smoker and the asthmatic were excluded. Pulmonary function test (PFT) was measured by using digital portable spirometer and peak flow meter instruments. Arab Teens Lifestyle Study (ATLS) questionnaire was used for determination of physical activity status and dietary habits. Results: Data analysis showed that PFT parameters were statistically significantly higher in males than females (P value.000). PFT parameters were significantly higher in active subjects (P value 0.003), while the physical inactivity does not affect the PFT parameters. In addition, PFT parameters were significantly positively correlated with many physical activity types. PFT parameters were significantly negatively correlated with many foods staff. PFT parameters were significantly positively correlated to height, weight, sum of metabolic equivalent (sum METs) and age. Conclusion: Our study concluded that physical activity and regular exercise improve the pulmonary function, and sedentary lifestyle has no direct effect on pulmonary function. Food staff with high fiber content was better than low fiber content for pulmonary function.
背景:一个被广泛认可的事实是,多运动和有健康饮食习惯的人往往有更高的健康程度和身体活动,可以促进呼吸健康,从而提高肺功能的效率。目的:探讨运动、不运动和饮食习惯对肺功能的影响。材料和方法:本横断面研究于2017年8月至12月在苏丹恩图曼Al-Ahlia大学(非统组织)医学院进行。研究对象包括年龄在15-25岁之间的207名医学生(100名男性,107名女性)。吸烟者和哮喘患者被排除在外。采用数字便携式肺活量计和峰值流量仪测量肺功能。采用阿拉伯青少年生活方式调查问卷(ATLS)确定体育活动状况和饮食习惯。结果:数据分析显示,男性患者PFT参数高于女性患者(P值为0.000)。运动组PFT参数显著高于运动组(P值0.003),不运动组PFT参数不受影响。此外,PFT参数与多种体育活动类型呈显著正相关。PFT参数与许多食品员工呈显著负相关。PFT参数与身高、体重、代谢当量总和(sum METs)和年龄呈显著正相关。结论:我们的研究表明,体育活动和经常锻炼可以改善肺功能,而久坐的生活方式对肺功能没有直接影响。高纤维食物对肺功能的影响优于低纤维食物。
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引用次数: 1
Hepatitis C virus infection, genotypes and mechanism of insulin resistance 丙型肝炎病毒感染、基因型及胰岛素抵抗机制
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/jmp.20190703070703
S. Woyesa, A. Taylor-Robinson
Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major global public health problem that causes profound metabolic abnormalities, primarily in insulin-sensitive target tissues, notably the phenomenon of steatosis or fatty liver. The route of transmission and genetic mutation of HCV, together with the lack of reliable nation-specific epidemiological data on the distribution of genotypes and sub-genotypes of this RNA virus, provide significant challenges to correct diagnosis and effective treatment. Issue: HCV-induced insulin resistance in HCV-infected individuals is independent of the occurrence of metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus, primarily type 2 diabetes mellitus, that causes insulin resistance. Some but not all HCV genotypes exert a steatotic effect. However, the molecular mechanism(s) by which HCV infection causes insulin resistance in insulin target tissues or hepatic steatosis is not elucidated clearly. Findings: Mechanisms proposed by experimental studies include interference with insulin signaling pathways, upregulation of genes controlling gluconeogenesis, phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate proteins, and induction and overexpression of inflammatory cytokines that interact closely with host lipid metabolism. Conclusion: We review HCV genotypes and subtypes, the mechanisms by which HCV infection induces insulin resistance, the virus genotypes and subtypes that are implicated in this and those that are steatotic. We conclude by discussing proposed mechanisms of steatosis and considering HCV laboratory investigation methods from traditional to current techniques.
背景:丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染是一个主要的全球公共卫生问题,主要在胰岛素敏感靶组织中引起严重的代谢异常,特别是脂肪变性或脂肪肝现象。丙型肝炎病毒的传播途径和基因突变,以及缺乏关于该RNA病毒基因型和亚基因型分布的可靠的国家特定流行病学数据,为正确诊断和有效治疗提供了重大挑战。问题:hcv感染者中hcv诱导的胰岛素抵抗与引起胰岛素抵抗的代谢综合征和糖尿病(主要是2型糖尿病)的发生无关。一些但不是所有的HCV基因型发挥脂肪变性作用。然而,HCV感染引起胰岛素靶组织胰岛素抵抗或肝脂肪变性的分子机制尚不清楚。结果:实验研究提出的机制包括干扰胰岛素信号通路,调控糖异生基因上调,胰岛素受体底物蛋白磷酸化,诱导和过度表达与宿主脂质代谢密切相关的炎症细胞因子。结论:本文综述了HCV基因型和亚型、HCV感染诱导胰岛素抵抗的机制、与胰岛素抵抗和脂肪变性相关的病毒基因型和亚型。最后,我们讨论了脂肪变性的机制,并考虑了HCV实验室调查方法从传统到当前的技术。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Molecular Pathophysiology
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