Lidar measurements at Fairbanks, Alaska (64°49' N, 147°52' W) and Ny-Aalesund, Norway (78°54'N, 11°53'E) in December 1991 and January, 1994, respectively, was made to monitor distribution of stratospheric aerosols. The location of Fairbanks lidar site is advantageous to see the effect of polar vortex wall to stratospheric aerosol density distribution since the lidar site is near the polar vortex wall, and sometimes inside and sometimes outside of the polar vortex owing meandering motion of polar vortex. Lidar site of Ny-Aalesund is usually inside of the polar vortex in winter. Comparison of measurements at Fairbanks and Ny-Aalesund showed that polar vortex meandering disturbed profiles of stratospheric aerosol content. Comparing measurements at Fairbanks and Toyokawa, Japan (34°45' N, 137°24' E) the measurements at Fairbanks are well corresponding to the long tens trend observed at Toyokawa, and noticeable day-to-day variations in aerosol content, integrated backscattering coefficient of stratospheric particulate matter, in winter of 1993/1994, which possibly due to the polar atmospheric effect, are detected in the Fairbanks data. Above about 20 km there was little aerosol content when the lidar station was inside of polar vortex. Large enhancement of aerosol load near the local tropopause was observed, which may associate with aerosol descending from the stratosphere to the troposphere near the wall of polar vortex.
{"title":"Polar vortex meandering and stratospheric aerosol distribution: Lidar measurements at Fairbanks, Alaska (scientific paper)","authors":"Iwasaka, Yasunobu, Shibata, Takashi, Adachi, Hiroshi, Sakai, Tetsu, Ojio, Teturo, Fujiwara, Motowo, Shiraishi, Koichi, Miyagawa-Kondoh, Koji, Nakane, Hideki","doi":"10.5636/JGG.48.1157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5636/JGG.48.1157","url":null,"abstract":"Lidar measurements at Fairbanks, Alaska (64°49' N, 147°52' W) and Ny-Aalesund, Norway (78°54'N, 11°53'E) in December 1991 and January, 1994, respectively, was made to monitor distribution of stratospheric aerosols. The location of Fairbanks lidar site is advantageous to see the effect of polar vortex wall to stratospheric aerosol density distribution since the lidar site is near the polar vortex wall, and sometimes inside and sometimes outside of the polar vortex owing meandering motion of polar vortex. Lidar site of Ny-Aalesund is usually inside of the polar vortex in winter. Comparison of measurements at Fairbanks and Ny-Aalesund showed that polar vortex meandering disturbed profiles of stratospheric aerosol content. Comparing measurements at Fairbanks and Toyokawa, Japan (34°45' N, 137°24' E) the measurements at Fairbanks are well corresponding to the long tens trend observed at Toyokawa, and noticeable day-to-day variations in aerosol content, integrated backscattering coefficient of stratospheric particulate matter, in winter of 1993/1994, which possibly due to the polar atmospheric effect, are detected in the Fairbanks data. Above about 20 km there was little aerosol content when the lidar station was inside of polar vortex. Large enhancement of aerosol load near the local tropopause was observed, which may associate with aerosol descending from the stratosphere to the troposphere near the wall of polar vortex.","PeriodicalId":145181,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research. Special issue","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132058322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
According to the most common definition, the 'polar cap' is the region bounded by the average or statistical auroral oval. Studies of the effects of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) on various upper atmospheric phenomena are reviewed. The Antarctic region and the Arctic region represent an area for such investigations. Particular attention is given in this paper to those observations in the highest latitude region which provide some information concerning corresponding changes of the internal structure of the magnetosphere. A definition and working definition of the polar cap are considered along with the IMF and magnetospheric models, the entry of solar energetic electrons, statistical studies regarding the aurora, individual events, polar cap arcs, the cusp aurora, auroral electron precipitation, convection, ionospheric currents and field-aligned currents, the ionosphere, the thermosphere, polar rain, polar wind, and hopping motions of heavy ions.
{"title":"The polar caps","authors":"S. Akasofu","doi":"10.1888/0333750888/4430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1888/0333750888/4430","url":null,"abstract":"According to the most common definition, the 'polar cap' is the region bounded by the average or statistical auroral oval. Studies of the effects of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) on various upper atmospheric phenomena are reviewed. The Antarctic region and the Arctic region represent an area for such investigations. Particular attention is given in this paper to those observations in the highest latitude region which provide some information concerning corresponding changes of the internal structure of the magnetosphere. A definition and working definition of the polar cap are considered along with the IMF and magnetospheric models, the entry of solar energetic electrons, statistical studies regarding the aurora, individual events, polar cap arcs, the cusp aurora, auroral electron precipitation, convection, ionospheric currents and field-aligned currents, the ionosphere, the thermosphere, polar rain, polar wind, and hopping motions of heavy ions.","PeriodicalId":145181,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research. Special issue","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116474429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-12-01DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-5313-0_58
S. Chubachi
{"title":"A Special Ozone Observation at Syowa Station, Antarctica from February 1982 to January 1983","authors":"S. Chubachi","doi":"10.1007/978-94-009-5313-0_58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5313-0_58","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":145181,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research. Special issue","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124968248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interlinking of physical and biological processes in the Antarctic Ocean (abstract)","authors":"D. Tranter","doi":"10.1201/9781482267228-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781482267228-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":145181,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research. Special issue","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125841737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1968-04-15DOI: 10.11619/AFRICA1964.1968.25
K. Suwa
Precambrian rocks are exclusively found in the vast shield areas such as the Antarctic and the African Continents. Drastic revision of Precam brian geology in the African Continent has been done in recent years. Current knowledge on Craton and Precambrian orogenic belt, on relationship among Precambrian orogenic belt, continental drift and rift valley, and on two distinct types of structural-metallogenic domains is reviewed in Introduction. The Association for African Studies, Nagoya University made a start in 1962. Some contributions by the Association to Precambrian studies in Africa have been described: Precambrian anorthosites, chromian phlogopite in Bushveld anorthosite, contact aureole of the Bushveld Complex, palaeornagnetism of Precambrian kimberlites, isotope geochemistry of Precambrian carbonatites, geochronology of the Mozambiquian orogenic belt, and metamorphic and plu tonic rocks in the Mozambiquian belt around Machakos, Mgama ridge, Lin thipe, Aswan and other areas.
{"title":"Precambrian of the African Continent","authors":"K. Suwa","doi":"10.11619/AFRICA1964.1968.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11619/AFRICA1964.1968.25","url":null,"abstract":"Precambrian rocks are exclusively found in the vast shield areas such as the Antarctic and the African Continents. Drastic revision of Precam brian geology in the African Continent has been done in recent years. Current knowledge on Craton and Precambrian orogenic belt, on relationship among Precambrian orogenic belt, continental drift and rift valley, and on two distinct types of structural-metallogenic domains is reviewed in Introduction. The Association for African Studies, Nagoya University made a start in 1962. Some contributions by the Association to Precambrian studies in Africa have been described: Precambrian anorthosites, chromian phlogopite in Bushveld anorthosite, contact aureole of the Bushveld Complex, palaeornagnetism of Precambrian kimberlites, isotope geochemistry of Precambrian carbonatites, geochronology of the Mozambiquian orogenic belt, and metamorphic and plu tonic rocks in the Mozambiquian belt around Machakos, Mgama ridge, Lin thipe, Aswan and other areas.","PeriodicalId":145181,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research. Special issue","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1968-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128746563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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