Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11835/J.ISSN.1674-4764.2001.01.024
Cao Zhao-ping
The fundamental principle and mechanical behavior of several intelligent material systems, such as shape memory alloy, piezoelectricity and fiber optic sensor etc. are discussed in this paper. Some application to civil engineering structures and related research are introduced briefly. The existing problems in the application and research are also presented at the same time. The future development of the intelligent material systems and structures are prospected and some proposals are put forward.
{"title":"Study on Application of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures to Civil Engineering","authors":"Cao Zhao-ping","doi":"10.11835/J.ISSN.1674-4764.2001.01.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11835/J.ISSN.1674-4764.2001.01.024","url":null,"abstract":"The fundamental principle and mechanical behavior of several intelligent material systems, such as shape memory alloy, piezoelectricity and fiber optic sensor etc. are discussed in this paper. Some application to civil engineering structures and related research are introduced briefly. The existing problems in the application and research are also presented at the same time. The future development of the intelligent material systems and structures are prospected and some proposals are put forward.","PeriodicalId":149605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127462849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11835/J.ISSN.1674-4764.2007.04.001
Cao Yan-long, Li Chong-ming, Guo Jing-song, F. Fang
According to the statistics of Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Region in 2000,this paper analyzes the affecting factors,including rural domestic waste,solid waste,fertilizer run off,pesticide run off,poultry and livestock farm,soil erosion,surface flow of the city,and their contribution to COD,NH3-N,TN,TP of non-point source pollutant.Furthermore,according to the pollution loads of dissolved form and pollution loads of particulate form by using RUSLE simulation and calculation,the total pollution loads of non-point source in Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Region are estimated.It concluded that the particulate form N loadings(50.1% of TN) is almost equal to dissolved form N loadings(49.9% of TN);but the particulate form P loadings(58.0% of the total phosphorus) is more than dissolved form P loadings(42.0% of the total phosphorus).It is a simple and direct method of estimating non-point source pollution loadings,which can be applied in the nutriment migration of the water body's bottom sludge,such as lake and reservoir etc.
{"title":"Pollutant Source Analysis and Pollution Loads Estimation from Non-point Source in Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Region","authors":"Cao Yan-long, Li Chong-ming, Guo Jing-song, F. Fang","doi":"10.11835/J.ISSN.1674-4764.2007.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11835/J.ISSN.1674-4764.2007.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"According to the statistics of Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Region in 2000,this paper analyzes the affecting factors,including rural domestic waste,solid waste,fertilizer run off,pesticide run off,poultry and livestock farm,soil erosion,surface flow of the city,and their contribution to COD,NH3-N,TN,TP of non-point source pollutant.Furthermore,according to the pollution loads of dissolved form and pollution loads of particulate form by using RUSLE simulation and calculation,the total pollution loads of non-point source in Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Region are estimated.It concluded that the particulate form N loadings(50.1% of TN) is almost equal to dissolved form N loadings(49.9% of TN);but the particulate form P loadings(58.0% of the total phosphorus) is more than dissolved form P loadings(42.0% of the total phosphorus).It is a simple and direct method of estimating non-point source pollution loadings,which can be applied in the nutriment migration of the water body's bottom sludge,such as lake and reservoir etc.","PeriodicalId":149605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133568550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11835/J.ISSN.1674-4764.2001.03.004
Francis K. W. Wong, E. Hui, S. Yeung, Li Shi rong, Wu Min, R. Howes
Manufactured Affordable Housing (MAH) is recommended to address the mismatch between demand and supply in the housing market in Chongqing, which is the fourth metropolis in China and has huge housing demand due to a gigantic population of 30.6 million. A model for massive housing production needs to be developed in order to determine the potential homebuyers' preferences. A questionnaire is designed as a tool to retrieve the factors, which affect the potential home buyers' behaviour, the necessary information about their perception for the housing market, their preferences for housing, and to describe the adoption of suitable housing under the main topic of "MAH in Chongqing". This paper aims to highlight the factors that affect the purchase of housing and the preference of the potential homebuyers in Chongqing. The overall research objectives are to use the concept of MAH to examine the feasibility and viability for its use in Chongqing, and to design a suitable type of MAH for use in Chongqing, by maximizing the use of indigenous resources from the region as one of the major considerations. At this stage, investigation has been carried out to identify the basic characteristics of the construction industry in Chongqing to set the scene for the housing research. This paper is mainly to identify the potential homebuyer's preference and their demand for home purchase in Chongqing.
{"title":"Potential Homebuyer's Preference in Chongqing","authors":"Francis K. W. Wong, E. Hui, S. Yeung, Li Shi rong, Wu Min, R. Howes","doi":"10.11835/J.ISSN.1674-4764.2001.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11835/J.ISSN.1674-4764.2001.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"Manufactured Affordable Housing (MAH) is recommended to address the mismatch between demand and supply in the housing market in Chongqing, which is the fourth metropolis in China and has huge housing demand due to a gigantic population of 30.6 million. A model for massive housing production needs to be developed in order to determine the potential homebuyers' preferences. A questionnaire is designed as a tool to retrieve the factors, which affect the potential home buyers' behaviour, the necessary information about their perception for the housing market, their preferences for housing, and to describe the adoption of suitable housing under the main topic of \"MAH in Chongqing\". This paper aims to highlight the factors that affect the purchase of housing and the preference of the potential homebuyers in Chongqing. The overall research objectives are to use the concept of MAH to examine the feasibility and viability for its use in Chongqing, and to design a suitable type of MAH for use in Chongqing, by maximizing the use of indigenous resources from the region as one of the major considerations. At this stage, investigation has been carried out to identify the basic characteristics of the construction industry in Chongqing to set the scene for the housing research. This paper is mainly to identify the potential homebuyer's preference and their demand for home purchase in Chongqing.","PeriodicalId":149605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125354483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11835/J.ISSN.1674-4764.2002.04.008
Wang Da-quan, Wu Jian-hua
Homogenization is one of the most important steps in the numerical analysis of masonry structure, where the continuum is used. A masonry representative volume element (RVE) is formed as the equivalent element of masonry components and it is the most important step in homogenization procedure. The RVE is molded with consideration of the material properties of mortar and brick as well as their interaction separately. In this paper the masonry RVE is simulated with the finite element software ANSYS. The stress-strain relationships of RVE subjected to different types of loading conditions are presented. The equivalent elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio are calculated and the feasibility of finite element method used in the procedure of masonry homogenization is demonstrated.
{"title":"Finite Element Analysis of Masonry RVE Homogenization Procedure","authors":"Wang Da-quan, Wu Jian-hua","doi":"10.11835/J.ISSN.1674-4764.2002.04.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11835/J.ISSN.1674-4764.2002.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"Homogenization is one of the most important steps in the numerical analysis of masonry structure, where the continuum is used. A masonry representative volume element (RVE) is formed as the equivalent element of masonry components and it is the most important step in homogenization procedure. The RVE is molded with consideration of the material properties of mortar and brick as well as their interaction separately. In this paper the masonry RVE is simulated with the finite element software ANSYS. The stress-strain relationships of RVE subjected to different types of loading conditions are presented. The equivalent elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio are calculated and the feasibility of finite element method used in the procedure of masonry homogenization is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":149605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116015380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11835/J.ISSN.1674-4764.2007.05.015
Lei Xiaohua, Chen Weimin, Yue Ren-bin, Xiong Xian-cai
Nowadays,the auto total station has been used in dam/bridge/ tunnel real-time monitoring,due to its character of high precision and fast response.While more than one total station have to be arranged in de-formation areas,when large structures are complicated and the inner interlaced parts of large structures cause blocking of light beam.Unstable settlement of total stations may introduce measuring error.To address this problem,the dynamic observation stations(called as dynamic benchmarks) based on triangulateration network is presented.In this triangulateration network,more than two total stations are settled on unstable bases used as dynamic benchmarks,two total stations are arranged on stable benchmarks.Reflective prisms are installed on each total station,so that neighboring two total stations can see each other.Approximate coordinates of dy-namic benchmarks are calculated based on this triangulateration network observation.Accurate coordinates of them are obtained by adjustment.If coordinate difference of dynamic benchmarks between two observation peri-ods is less than a threshold(given by deformation range of structure),dynamic benchmarks are used as datum applied to measuring other measuring points.While,if difference between two observation periods is larger than the threshold,a compensation method is introduced to correct coordinate of measuring points.Further-more,observation simulation experiment is presented based on this principle.The experiment is carried out with one Leica TC 405 total station.The experimental results show that triangulateration network of dynamicbenchmarks method is correct and feasible.Coordinates error of measuring points using updating coordinate da-ta of dynamic benchmarks is less than 3 mm,Coordinates error by compensation method is about 5 mm.
{"title":"Study on the Triangulateration Network of Dynamic Benchmarks of Auto Total Station in Structural Health Monitoring","authors":"Lei Xiaohua, Chen Weimin, Yue Ren-bin, Xiong Xian-cai","doi":"10.11835/J.ISSN.1674-4764.2007.05.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11835/J.ISSN.1674-4764.2007.05.015","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays,the auto total station has been used in dam/bridge/ tunnel real-time monitoring,due to its character of high precision and fast response.While more than one total station have to be arranged in de-formation areas,when large structures are complicated and the inner interlaced parts of large structures cause blocking of light beam.Unstable settlement of total stations may introduce measuring error.To address this problem,the dynamic observation stations(called as dynamic benchmarks) based on triangulateration network is presented.In this triangulateration network,more than two total stations are settled on unstable bases used as dynamic benchmarks,two total stations are arranged on stable benchmarks.Reflective prisms are installed on each total station,so that neighboring two total stations can see each other.Approximate coordinates of dy-namic benchmarks are calculated based on this triangulateration network observation.Accurate coordinates of them are obtained by adjustment.If coordinate difference of dynamic benchmarks between two observation peri-ods is less than a threshold(given by deformation range of structure),dynamic benchmarks are used as datum applied to measuring other measuring points.While,if difference between two observation periods is larger than the threshold,a compensation method is introduced to correct coordinate of measuring points.Further-more,observation simulation experiment is presented based on this principle.The experiment is carried out with one Leica TC 405 total station.The experimental results show that triangulateration network of dynamicbenchmarks method is correct and feasible.Coordinates error of measuring points using updating coordinate da-ta of dynamic benchmarks is less than 3 mm,Coordinates error by compensation method is about 5 mm.","PeriodicalId":149605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123955958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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