Pub Date : 2022-01-28DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.102025
Yuanlong Cui, S. Riffat, E. Theo, Tugba Gurler, X.-W. Xue, Z. Soleimani
This chapter aims to design, construct and test a new and renewable heating system for fulfilling the energy demand and ameliorating the interior environment of poultry farming in the UK. This system consists of a photovoltaic/thermal module attached to the polyethylene heat exchanger integrated with a geothermal copper pipe array and heat pump. The thermal and electrical energy performance of the hybrid renewable heating system is investigated based on a numerical model and experimental test. Moreover, the economic analysis (and environmental assessment are conducted. It is concluded that the electrical energy production from the photovoltaic array could reach 11867 kWh per annum whereas the heat pump thermal output is about 30210 kWh per annum. Meanwhile, the overall gas and electrical cost of the hybrid renewable heating system are £320 and £129, which are much less than that of the gas burners system and could save £763 and £750, respectively, resulting in less than 6-year of payback period. The energy consumption of the hybrid renewable heating system could decrease about 28873 kWh, resulting in a reduction in total CO2 emission of approximately 8.3 tons, in comparison with the gas burners system.
{"title":"Energy, Economic and Environmental (3E) Assessments on Hybrid Renewable Energy Technology Applied in Poultry Farming","authors":"Yuanlong Cui, S. Riffat, E. Theo, Tugba Gurler, X.-W. Xue, Z. Soleimani","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.102025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102025","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter aims to design, construct and test a new and renewable heating system for fulfilling the energy demand and ameliorating the interior environment of poultry farming in the UK. This system consists of a photovoltaic/thermal module attached to the polyethylene heat exchanger integrated with a geothermal copper pipe array and heat pump. The thermal and electrical energy performance of the hybrid renewable heating system is investigated based on a numerical model and experimental test. Moreover, the economic analysis (and environmental assessment are conducted. It is concluded that the electrical energy production from the photovoltaic array could reach 11867 kWh per annum whereas the heat pump thermal output is about 30210 kWh per annum. Meanwhile, the overall gas and electrical cost of the hybrid renewable heating system are £320 and £129, which are much less than that of the gas burners system and could save £763 and £750, respectively, resulting in less than 6-year of payback period. The energy consumption of the hybrid renewable heating system could decrease about 28873 kWh, resulting in a reduction in total CO2 emission of approximately 8.3 tons, in comparison with the gas burners system.","PeriodicalId":150429,"journal":{"name":"Energy Efficiency [Working Title]","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128639769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-12DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.101536
Vikram Rama Uttam Pandit
Sustainable development of the world is mainly dependent on the use of present energy resources, which primarily includes water, wind, solar, geothermal, and nuclear power. Hydrogen as a clean and green energy source can be the resolution of the energy challenge and may satisfy the demands of several upcoming generations. Hydrogen when used it does not produce any type of pollutant and this makes it a best candidate as a clean energy. Hydrogen energy can be generated from natural gas, oil, biomass, and fossil fuels using thermochemical, photocatalytic, microbiological and electrolysis processes. Large scale hydrogen production is also testified up to some extent with proper engineering for multi applications. Alas, storage and transportation of hydrogen are the main challenge amongst scientific community. Photocatalytic hydrogen production with good efficiencies and amount is well discussed. Till date, using a variety of metal oxide-sulfide, carbon-based materials, metal organic frameworks are utilized by doping or with their composites for enhance the hydrogen production. Main intents of this chapter are to introduce all the possible areas of hydrogen applications and main difficulties of hydrogen transportation, storage and achievements in the hydrogen generation with its applications.
{"title":"Hydrogen as a Clean Energy Source","authors":"Vikram Rama Uttam Pandit","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.101536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101536","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable development of the world is mainly dependent on the use of present energy resources, which primarily includes water, wind, solar, geothermal, and nuclear power. Hydrogen as a clean and green energy source can be the resolution of the energy challenge and may satisfy the demands of several upcoming generations. Hydrogen when used it does not produce any type of pollutant and this makes it a best candidate as a clean energy. Hydrogen energy can be generated from natural gas, oil, biomass, and fossil fuels using thermochemical, photocatalytic, microbiological and electrolysis processes. Large scale hydrogen production is also testified up to some extent with proper engineering for multi applications. Alas, storage and transportation of hydrogen are the main challenge amongst scientific community. Photocatalytic hydrogen production with good efficiencies and amount is well discussed. Till date, using a variety of metal oxide-sulfide, carbon-based materials, metal organic frameworks are utilized by doping or with their composites for enhance the hydrogen production. Main intents of this chapter are to introduce all the possible areas of hydrogen applications and main difficulties of hydrogen transportation, storage and achievements in the hydrogen generation with its applications.","PeriodicalId":150429,"journal":{"name":"Energy Efficiency [Working Title]","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128186654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-12DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.101493
A. Soofastaei, Milad Fouladgar
This chapter demonstrates the practical application of artificial intelligence (AI) to improve energy efficiency in surface mines. The suggested AI approach has been applied in two different mine sites in Australia and Iran, and the achieved results have been promising. Mobile equipment in mine sites consumes a massive amount of energy, and the main part of this energy is provided by diesel. The critical diesel consumers in surface mines are haul trucks, the huge machines that move mine materials in the mine sites. There are many effective parameters on haul trucks’ fuel consumption. AI models can help mine managers to predict and minimize haul truck energy consumption and consequently reduce the greenhouse gas emission generated by these trucks. This chapter presents a practical and validated AI approach to optimize three key parameters, including truck speed and payload and the total haul road resistance to minimize haul truck fuel consumption in surface mines. The results of the developed AI model for two mine sites have been presented in this chapter. The model increased the energy efficiency of mostly used trucks in surface mining, Caterpillar 793D and Komatsu HD785. The results show the trucks’ fuel consumption reduction between 9 and 12%.
{"title":"Improve Energy Efficiency in Surface Mines Using Artificial Intelligence","authors":"A. Soofastaei, Milad Fouladgar","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.101493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101493","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter demonstrates the practical application of artificial intelligence (AI) to improve energy efficiency in surface mines. The suggested AI approach has been applied in two different mine sites in Australia and Iran, and the achieved results have been promising. Mobile equipment in mine sites consumes a massive amount of energy, and the main part of this energy is provided by diesel. The critical diesel consumers in surface mines are haul trucks, the huge machines that move mine materials in the mine sites. There are many effective parameters on haul trucks’ fuel consumption. AI models can help mine managers to predict and minimize haul truck energy consumption and consequently reduce the greenhouse gas emission generated by these trucks. This chapter presents a practical and validated AI approach to optimize three key parameters, including truck speed and payload and the total haul road resistance to minimize haul truck fuel consumption in surface mines. The results of the developed AI model for two mine sites have been presented in this chapter. The model increased the energy efficiency of mostly used trucks in surface mining, Caterpillar 793D and Komatsu HD785. The results show the trucks’ fuel consumption reduction between 9 and 12%.","PeriodicalId":150429,"journal":{"name":"Energy Efficiency [Working Title]","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125478983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-07DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.100564
H. Nikookar
In this chapter, a green radio transmission using the binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulated orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signal is addressed. First, the OFDM transmission signal is clearly stated. For a specified performance of the system, the least transmit power occurs by the optimal OFDM shape, which is designed to minimize the average inter-carrier interference power taking into account the characteristic of the transmit antenna and the detection process at the receiver. The optimal waveform is obtained by applying the calculus of variations, which leads to a set of differential equations (known as Euler equations) with constraint and boundary conditions. Results show the transmission effectiveness of the proposed technique in the shaping of the signal, as well as its potential to be further applied to smart context-aware green wireless communications.
{"title":"Waveform Design for Energy Efficient OFDM Transmission","authors":"H. Nikookar","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.100564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100564","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, a green radio transmission using the binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulated orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signal is addressed. First, the OFDM transmission signal is clearly stated. For a specified performance of the system, the least transmit power occurs by the optimal OFDM shape, which is designed to minimize the average inter-carrier interference power taking into account the characteristic of the transmit antenna and the detection process at the receiver. The optimal waveform is obtained by applying the calculus of variations, which leads to a set of differential equations (known as Euler equations) with constraint and boundary conditions. Results show the transmission effectiveness of the proposed technique in the shaping of the signal, as well as its potential to be further applied to smart context-aware green wireless communications.","PeriodicalId":150429,"journal":{"name":"Energy Efficiency [Working Title]","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117098243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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