Background: Nutrition status is one of the health problems in developing countries. Prisons typically comprise marginalized sections of society and at high nutritional risk due to lack of diet diversity; And there is a lack of clarity on the dimensions of food security this study was identifying malnutrition and associated factors among prisoners to alleviate the problem. Objective: This study aimed to assess the nutritional status and influencing factors among prisoners in North Shoa prison, Ethiopia in 2021. Method: Institution based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from August 01 to September 10; 2021. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed to recruit a total of 364 study participants. Data has been collected by using interviewer administered questionnaire. Weight and height measured and BMI was calculated as weight/height (kg/m2). Haemoglobin measurement has been measured by a simple procedure for determining iron level in blood using Hemo-cue methods. Cleaned data was entered to Epi data version 3.1 and transferred to SPSS version 25 for further analysis, Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was fitted to identify factors associated with under nutrition (nutritional status). Significance variable was obtained with adjusted odds ratio at 95% CI of p< 0.05. Result: The overall prevalence of under nutrition among prisoners estimated as 33.8% (95% CI 28.8-39.3); and the prevalence of anaemia among PLHIV and negative sero-status residents was 54.2%, 50.8% respectively. The respondents who had anaemia were 3.26 times more likely to develop malnutrition AOR 3.269[95 % CI 1.908-5.600]) than who had no anaemia. had anaemia (AOR 4.464 [95 % CI 1.556-12.81]), hadn’t social support (AOR 6.281 [95 % CI 2.153-18.321]), age group 30 to 39 (AOR 0.180 [95 % CI 0.038-0.844]), use alcohol before jail (AOR 3.048 [95 % CI 1.037-8.965]).
背景:营养状况是发展中国家的健康问题之一。监狱通常由社会边缘阶层组成，由于缺乏饮食多样性，他们面临着很高的营养风险;食品安全的维度还不明确这项研究确定了囚犯的营养不良和相关因素，以缓解这个问题。目的:本研究旨在评估2021年埃塞俄比亚北沙阿监狱在押人员的营养状况及其影响因素。方法:8月1日至9月10日进行基于机构的比较横断面研究;2021. 采用多阶段抽样方法，共招募364名研究对象。数据收集采用采访者管理问卷。测量体重和身高，BMI以体重/身高(kg/m2)计算。血红蛋白测量已经测量了一个简单的程序，以确定铁水平在血液中使用血液提示方法。清洗后的数据输入Epi数据3.1版本，并转移到SPSS 25版本进行进一步分析，拟合双变量和多变量逻辑回归以确定与营养不良(营养状况)相关的因素。以校正优势比获得显著变量，95% CI为p< 0.05。结果:囚犯中营养不良的总体患病率估计为33.8% (95% CI 28.8-39.3);hiv阳性者贫血患病率为54.2%，血清阳性者为50.8%。有贫血的被调查者发生营养不良的可能性是无贫血者的3.26倍(AOR 3.269[95% CI 1.908-5.600])。贫血(AOR 4.464 [95% CI 1.556 ~ 12.81])、无社会支持(AOR 6.281 [95% CI 2.153 ~ 18.321])、30 ~ 39岁年龄组(AOR 0.180 [95% CI 0.038 ~ 0.844])、入狱前饮酒(AOR 3.048 [95% CI 1.037 ~ 8.965])。
{"title":"Assessment of Undernutrition and Its Influencing Factors among Prisoners Living with HIV/AIDS in North Shoa Zone Amhara Region Ethiopia, 2022","authors":"Yohannis Yilma, Metasebia Getachew, Asrat Fenta, Yordanos Mezemir","doi":"10.30654/mjhiv.10023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30654/mjhiv.10023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nutrition status is one of the health problems in developing countries. Prisons typically comprise marginalized sections of society and at high nutritional risk due to lack of diet diversity; And there is a lack of clarity on the dimensions of food security this study was identifying malnutrition and associated factors among prisoners to alleviate the problem. Objective: This study aimed to assess the nutritional status and influencing factors among prisoners in North Shoa prison, Ethiopia in 2021. Method: Institution based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from August 01 to September 10; 2021. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed to recruit a total of 364 study participants. Data has been collected by using interviewer administered questionnaire. Weight and height measured and BMI was calculated as weight/height (kg/m2). Haemoglobin measurement has been measured by a simple procedure for determining iron level in blood using Hemo-cue methods. Cleaned data was entered to Epi data version 3.1 and transferred to SPSS version 25 for further analysis, Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was fitted to identify factors associated with under nutrition (nutritional status). Significance variable was obtained with adjusted odds ratio at 95% CI of p< 0.05. Result: The overall prevalence of under nutrition among prisoners estimated as 33.8% (95% CI 28.8-39.3); and the prevalence of anaemia among PLHIV and negative sero-status residents was 54.2%, 50.8% respectively. The respondents who had anaemia were 3.26 times more likely to develop malnutrition AOR 3.269[95 % CI 1.908-5.600]) than who had no anaemia. had anaemia (AOR 4.464 [95 % CI 1.556-12.81]), hadn’t social support (AOR 6.281 [95 % CI 2.153-18.321]), age group 30 to 39 (AOR 0.180 [95 % CI 0.038-0.844]), use alcohol before jail (AOR 3.048 [95 % CI 1.037-8.965]).","PeriodicalId":153644,"journal":{"name":"Mathews Journal of HIV/AIDS","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115249312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Tshimanga, A. Fouad, K. Fakiri, N. Rada, G. Draiss, N. Soraa, Brahim Admou, M. Bouskraoui
Introduction: Bronchiectasis is defined as a permanent and irreversible dilatation of the bronchial airways. Its association with HIV infection in the pediatric population is not widely reported in the literature. The objective was to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, etiological, therapeutic and evolutionary profile of secondary bronchiectasis due to HIV infection children. We retrospectively studied 6 cases of secondary bronchiectasis due to HIV infection children collected at the pediatric ward B of the Mohammed VI University Hospital in Marrakech over a period of 7 years from January 2012 to December 2018. There was no difference between the two sexes, an average age of 61.3 months. All 6 cases had recurrent pneumonia preceding the diagnosis of bronchiectasis; in the 5 cases with CD4 T cell counts 4 had a count less than 100 cells/mm3. The entire chest CT scan enabled us to make the diagnosis of bronchiectasis in all the patients. The management of all our patients consisted of a good hydration, a postural drainage physiotherapy, an appropriate antibiotherapy based on the germ in question, and finally an antiretroviral therapy. The clinicovirological outcome was satisfactory for all the cases, all cases had an undetectable viral load between 6-12 months of specific treatment, an improved CD4 T cell count, and no exacerbation of bronchial dilation within one year of initiation of antiretroviral therapy.
{"title":"Secondary Bronchiectasis due to HIV Infection in Children","authors":"S. Tshimanga, A. Fouad, K. Fakiri, N. Rada, G. Draiss, N. Soraa, Brahim Admou, M. Bouskraoui","doi":"10.30654/mjhiv.10021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30654/mjhiv.10021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bronchiectasis is defined as a permanent and irreversible dilatation of the bronchial airways. Its association with HIV infection in the pediatric population is not widely reported in the literature. The objective was to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, etiological, therapeutic and evolutionary profile of secondary bronchiectasis due to HIV infection children. We retrospectively studied 6 cases of secondary bronchiectasis due to HIV infection children collected at the pediatric ward B of the Mohammed VI University Hospital in Marrakech over a period of 7 years from January 2012 to December 2018. There was no difference between the two sexes, an average age of 61.3 months. All 6 cases had recurrent pneumonia preceding the diagnosis of bronchiectasis; in the 5 cases with CD4 T cell counts 4 had a count less than 100 cells/mm3. The entire chest CT scan enabled us to make the diagnosis of bronchiectasis in all the patients. The management of all our patients consisted of a good hydration, a postural drainage physiotherapy, an appropriate antibiotherapy based on the germ in question, and finally an antiretroviral therapy. The clinicovirological outcome was satisfactory for all the cases, all cases had an undetectable viral load between 6-12 months of specific treatment, an improved CD4 T cell count, and no exacerbation of bronchial dilation within one year of initiation of antiretroviral therapy.","PeriodicalId":153644,"journal":{"name":"Mathews Journal of HIV/AIDS","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116801570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The case of providing treatment with Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) to those who are found to be Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive is clear and compelling. But the consequences for not doing it very well might form the most serious public health problem to have ever faced by the developing countries with the advent manifestation of drug resistant strain of the virus. It is estimated that 36.9 million people are presently living with HIV with Sub-Saharan Africa and remains the most heavily affected region by HIV, about 68% of all people living with HIV resided in subSaharan Africa in 2010. The World Health Organization report shows that out of the eleven countries surveyed in 2017, six of these countries have over 10% of people starting antiretroviral therapy had a strain of HIV that was resistant to some of the most widely used HIV medication. In addition, HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) to some few selected medications which are well tolerated among children is becoming an increasing concern among health practitioners all over the world, with more children developing treatment resistant strains of the virus as a result of the scale up of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programmes. For infants exposed to PMTCT programmes, the WHO has also estimated that there is an HIVDR prevalence of 21.6%, compared to just 8.3% among those with no treatment exposure. The introduction of HIV therapy to these large number of people, who are HIV infected, the same way we have approached most of our health programme in the past such as tuberculosis (TB), then we will certainly not accomplished the aim and objectives we wish to ccomplished. The fundamental concept of health system quality improvement is that a system that is left unchanged can only be expected to continue producing the same results.
{"title":"HIV Drugs Resistance - A Possible Consequence of Massive Anti-Retroviral Roll Out in Developing Countries - an Urgent Call For Proper Monitoring (Part 1)","authors":"Olorunfemi Stephen","doi":"10.30654/mjh.10020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30654/mjh.10020","url":null,"abstract":"The case of providing treatment with Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) to those who are found to be Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive is clear and compelling. But the consequences for not doing it very well might form the most serious public health problem to have ever faced by the developing countries with the advent manifestation of drug resistant strain of the virus. It is estimated that 36.9 million people are presently living with HIV with Sub-Saharan Africa and remains the most heavily affected region by HIV, about 68% of all people living with HIV resided in subSaharan Africa in 2010. The World Health Organization report shows that out of the eleven countries surveyed in 2017, six of these countries have over 10% of people starting antiretroviral therapy had a strain of HIV that was resistant to some of the most widely used HIV medication. In addition, HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) to some few selected medications which are well tolerated among children is becoming an increasing concern among health practitioners all over the world, with more children developing treatment resistant strains of the virus as a result of the scale up of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programmes. For infants exposed to PMTCT programmes, the WHO has also estimated that there is an HIVDR prevalence of 21.6%, compared to just 8.3% among those with no treatment exposure. The introduction of HIV therapy to these large number of people, who are HIV infected, the same way we have approached most of our health programme in the past such as tuberculosis (TB), then we will certainly not accomplished the aim and objectives we wish to ccomplished. The fundamental concept of health system quality improvement is that a system that is left unchanged can only be expected to continue producing the same results.","PeriodicalId":153644,"journal":{"name":"Mathews Journal of HIV/AIDS","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115568933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：