Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1163/9789004477636_006
A. Pocecco
The aim of this article is substantially devoted to explore which factors have, and have had. an impact on the way history is actually explained. The main topics are: 1. The fundamental passage from a monological interpretation of history to a “plurality of voices”, linked to post-modern culture. The complex debate about Post-modern culture is significantly marked by the disappearance of the monology (a great cultural uniting discourse) and by the emergence of different interpretations and visions. This process has a clear influence on the way history is now explained and the way the “official history” has been substituted by different narratives. 2. The meaning of collective memory. The role of collective memory has acquired a renewed significance today, scholars belonging to different disciplines have underlined its importance in the nation-building processes or in the re-affirmation of identity. For example, ten years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, the passing of time is producing peculiar interpretations and alterations about the recent history of the former socialist countries. The history of these new democratic societies has been re-written, not in the oriented and “orwellian” way. followed by the previous regimes, but through the subtle, complex and spontaneous work of the collective memory. 3. The political and ideological action oriented to “create” or to “erase” historical events, which can be functional to the elites legitimisation. Elites need a symbolic background to support their political action and to maintain the consensus of society. They are able both to create new myths or partisan visions that can undermine the legitimacy of a political system and to support real democratic societies. 1 Some friends have preciously supported me in this work. Therefore, I have to express my thanks to my parents for sharing their memories with me, to Vaclac Belohradsky for his useful criticisms, to Emilio Cocco for his detailed confrontation regarding the case of foibe, to Paolo Roseano for his suggestions about memory, to Anna Maria Boileau and Mitja Velikonja for their attentive remarks. Catherine Poidevin has been essetial for her linguistic sensibility and support. Last but not least, many thanks to Franco Zorzon, young sophisticated book-lover and bookseler, whose passion for books has allowed me the access to forgotten memories.
本文的主要目的是探讨哪些因素已经存在，哪些因素已经存在。对历史解释方式的影响。主要的主题是:1。从单一的历史解释到“多元的声音”的基本通道，与后现代文化联系在一起。关于后现代文化的复杂争论，其显著特征是“单论”(一种伟大的文化统一话语)的消失和不同解释和愿景的出现。这一过程对现在解释历史的方式以及“官方历史”被不同叙述所取代的方式产生了明显的影响。2. 集体记忆的意义。今天，集体记忆的作用获得了新的意义，属于不同学科的学者强调了它在国家建设过程或在身份的重新肯定中的重要性。例如，在柏林墙倒塌十年后，时间的流逝正在对前社会主义国家的近代史产生独特的解释和改变。这些新民主社会的历史已经被改写，而不是以定向和“奥威尔式”的方式。之前的政权紧随其后，但通过微妙，复杂和自发的集体记忆的工作。3.以“创造”或“抹去”历史事件为导向的政治和意识形态行动，可能对精英的合法化起作用。精英们需要一个象征性的背景来支持他们的政治行动，维护社会共识。他们既能创造新的神话或党派愿景，既能破坏政治制度的合法性，又能支持真正的民主社会。在这项工作中，一些朋友给予了我宝贵的支持。因此，我必须感谢我的父母与我分享他们的回忆，感谢Vaclac Belohradsky的有用批评，感谢Emilio Cocco对foibe案例的详细对抗，感谢Paolo Roseano对记忆的建议，感谢Anna Maria Boileau和Mitja Velikonja的细心评论。Catherine Poidevin对她的语言敏感性和支持至关重要。最后但并非最不重要的是，非常感谢年轻老练的爱书人兼书商Franco Zorzon，他对书的热情让我得以接触到被遗忘的记忆。
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