Yung-Peng Chang, Hsin-An Chen, Shih-Hsin Chang, Z. Pei, Chun-Nien Liu, P. Han, W. Cheng
Lidar, radar, optical imaging and ultrasonic are important environmental sensing technologies in the field of autonomous driving. Among them, the radar can perform long-distance sensing, however it is limited by the resolution and cannot distinguish objects. Optical images have clear object resolving power, but hardly to get distance information. Ultrasonic only detect objects that are in very short distances. Therefore, it is necessary to have a technique that can clearly distinguish the objects and get the object information such as speed and distance at medium-range (100-m) for autonomous driving scheme entering level 4 and level 5. The existing light technology in the autonomous driving is to place the Lidar module on the roof of a car and perform environment sensing in a rotating manner. Such technology has low sensing capability and is not conform to the development direction of the vehicle industry that not fulfill the demand of autonomous car. In contrast to Lidar module on the roof, placing the Lidar on the front of the car has many advantages, such as easy to collect dust, suffer water corrosion and difficult to set up the electrical system. Integrating the Lidar with headlight system is a feasible direction to solve the aforementioned problems. In this study, we will develop laser headlights system with Lidar module by integrating the optical system of Lidar into headlight a unit, in which the smart laser headlight was achieved by feedback control orders system. The laser headlight will focus on the development of smart headlights with laser as the light source. With the feedback of the system, it can control the car's light field, avoid high-reflection areas at night. The integrated Lidar module will develop a quasi-static optical scanning system with a wavelength of 1550 nm and embed it in the optical path of the laser headlight. By wavelength differences, the optical path of Lidar does not interfere with headlight and high quality optical data could be obtained. Despite adapting 905 nm as optical wavelength in the current technology, the 1550 nm wavelength selected by this study meets the safety regulations and will not cause damage to the human eye at night or during the day. In this study, we will develop a Lidar module attached to a 10W laser headlight for autonomous driving. The simulation and optical performance of integration of Lidar module with laser headlight will be presented.
{"title":"Integration of LiDAR with laser headlight for autonomous driving (Conference Presentation)","authors":"Yung-Peng Chang, Hsin-An Chen, Shih-Hsin Chang, Z. Pei, Chun-Nien Liu, P. Han, W. Cheng","doi":"10.1117/12.2526390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2526390","url":null,"abstract":"Lidar, radar, optical imaging and ultrasonic are important environmental sensing technologies in the field of autonomous driving. Among them, the radar can perform long-distance sensing, however it is limited by the resolution and cannot distinguish objects. Optical images have clear object resolving power, but hardly to get distance information. Ultrasonic only detect objects that are in very short distances. Therefore, it is necessary to have a technique that can clearly distinguish the objects and get the object information such as speed and distance at medium-range (100-m) for autonomous driving scheme entering level 4 and level 5.\u0000 The existing light technology in the autonomous driving is to place the Lidar module on the roof of a car and perform environment sensing in a rotating manner. Such technology has low sensing capability and is not conform to the development direction of the vehicle industry that not fulfill the demand of autonomous car. In contrast to Lidar module on the roof, placing the Lidar on the front of the car has many advantages, such as easy to collect dust, suffer water corrosion and difficult to set up the electrical system. Integrating the Lidar with headlight system is a feasible direction to solve the aforementioned problems. In this study, we will develop laser headlights system with Lidar module by integrating the optical system of Lidar into headlight a unit, in which the smart laser headlight was achieved by feedback control orders system.\u0000 The laser headlight will focus on the development of smart headlights with laser as the light source. With the feedback of the system, it can control the car's light field, avoid high-reflection areas at night. The integrated Lidar module will develop a quasi-static optical scanning system with a wavelength of 1550 nm and embed it in the optical path of the laser headlight. By wavelength differences, the optical path of Lidar does not interfere with headlight and high quality optical data could be obtained. Despite adapting 905 nm as optical wavelength in the current technology, the 1550 nm wavelength selected by this study meets the safety regulations and will not cause damage to the human eye at night or during the day. In this study, we will develop a Lidar module attached to a 10W laser headlight for autonomous driving. The simulation and optical performance of integration of Lidar module with laser headlight will be presented.","PeriodicalId":169543,"journal":{"name":"ODS 2019: Industrial Optical Devices and Systems","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125149973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Lamon, Qiming Zhang, Yiming Wu, Xiaogang Liu, M. Gu
The huge volume of digital information generated across the world represents an insuperable challenge for the currently-available data storage devices and compels for the development of novel techniques and storage media. Nanomaterials, which have unique mechanical, electronic and optical properties owing to the strong confinement of electrons, photons and phonons at the nanoscale, are enabling the development of disruptive methods for optical data storage with ultra-high capacity, ultra-long lifetime and ultra-low energy consumption. In this context, upconversion nanoparticles, which feature the interesting property of photon upconversion and emit in a range from ultraviolet to near-infrared, have attracted considerable attention for optical data storage applications through the modulation of their upconversion fluorescence emission. However, it has been difficult to find an effective quencher for upconversion nanoparticles to entirely quench their anti-Stokes type of emission. Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) have proved useful as effective quenchers due to their strong broadband absorption. Herein, we demonstrate optical data storage in a GO and upconversion nanoparticles thin film. Core-shell nanoparticles were prepared via co-precipitation method and measurements of upconversion fluorescence emission intensity and fluorescence lifetime have been performed. Subsequently, the upconversion nanoparticles have been conjugated to GO and deposited through vacuum filtration to form a thin film. The nanocomposite was then irradiated using laser at different powers to produce the reduction of GO to r-GO. The encoded optical data bits were readout through the variation of fluorescence intensity from the upconversion nanoparticles accompanied by the reduction of the GO to r-GO.
{"title":"Optical data storage in a graphene oxide thin film integrated with upconversion nanoparticles\u0000 (Conference Presentation)","authors":"S. Lamon, Qiming Zhang, Yiming Wu, Xiaogang Liu, M. Gu","doi":"10.1117/12.2527233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2527233","url":null,"abstract":"The huge volume of digital information generated across the world represents an insuperable challenge for the currently-available data storage devices and compels for the development of novel techniques and storage media. Nanomaterials, which have unique mechanical, electronic and optical properties owing to the strong confinement of electrons, photons and phonons at the nanoscale, are enabling the development of disruptive methods for optical data storage with ultra-high capacity, ultra-long lifetime and ultra-low energy consumption. In this context, upconversion nanoparticles, which feature the interesting property of photon upconversion and emit in a range from ultraviolet to near-infrared, have attracted considerable attention for optical data storage applications through the modulation of their upconversion fluorescence emission. However, it has been difficult to find an effective quencher for upconversion nanoparticles to entirely quench their anti-Stokes type of emission. Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) have proved useful as effective quenchers due to their strong broadband absorption. Herein, we demonstrate optical data storage in a GO and upconversion nanoparticles thin film. Core-shell nanoparticles were prepared via co-precipitation method and measurements of upconversion fluorescence emission intensity and fluorescence lifetime have been performed. Subsequently, the upconversion nanoparticles have been conjugated to GO and deposited through vacuum filtration to form a thin film. The nanocomposite was then irradiated using laser at different powers to produce the reduction of GO to r-GO. The encoded optical data bits were readout through the variation of fluorescence intensity from the upconversion nanoparticles accompanied by the reduction of the GO to r-GO.","PeriodicalId":169543,"journal":{"name":"ODS 2019: Industrial Optical Devices and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129977203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Most of information from the outside world is obtained through our eyes. Various colors make the world distinguishable and our life rich and colorful. To achieve the best imaging and displaying of our colorful world is the ultimate dream of human-being in all ages, which is also the main issue of Optics. Among different obstacles, the chromatic aberration directly brought from the intrinsic material property and phase accumulation at different wavelengths may be the most severe problem in a full-color optical system. Here, by using the IRU (integrated resonance unit elements) based metasurface, the first perfect achromatic lens at the visible region has been demonstrated, with only wavelength scale thickness that is quite desirable in the integrated Optics and daily life, such as in the cell-phone camera. Compared with the traditional (bulky) achromatic lenses or objectives, our achromatic metalens presents perfect achromatism in a continuous bandwidth rather than the traditional solution only suppressing the chromatic aberration at discrete wavelengths. In metalens field, our result is also far ahead in competition with other reported works. In comparison to the ordinary metalens, our broadband achromatic metalens demonstrates high transmission efficiency (about 60% at peak) in visible spectrum without chromatic aberration. The achieved continuous achromatism in visible region enables us to obtaining the first metalens-based full-color imaging. Recently, we demonstrate the full-color light-field imaging based on the broadband achromatic metalens array, which is considered as a signifcant progress for metalens imaging.
{"title":"Broadband achromatic metalenses for imaging (Conference Presentation)","authors":"Shuming Wang","doi":"10.1117/12.2530606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2530606","url":null,"abstract":"Most of information from the outside world is obtained through our eyes. Various colors make the world distinguishable and our life rich and colorful. To achieve the best imaging and displaying of our colorful world is the ultimate dream of human-being in all ages, which is also the main issue of Optics. Among different obstacles, the chromatic aberration directly brought from the intrinsic material property and phase accumulation at different wavelengths may be the most severe problem in a full-color optical system. Here, by using the IRU (integrated resonance unit elements) based metasurface, the first perfect achromatic lens at the visible region has been demonstrated, with only wavelength scale thickness that is quite desirable in the integrated Optics and daily life, such as in the cell-phone camera. Compared with the traditional (bulky) achromatic lenses or objectives, our achromatic metalens presents perfect achromatism in a continuous bandwidth rather than the traditional solution only suppressing the chromatic aberration at discrete wavelengths. In metalens field, our result is also far ahead in competition with other reported works. In comparison to the ordinary metalens, our broadband achromatic metalens demonstrates high transmission efficiency (about 60% at peak) in visible spectrum without chromatic aberration. The achieved continuous achromatism in visible region enables us to obtaining the first metalens-based full-color imaging. Recently, we demonstrate the full-color light-field imaging based on the broadband achromatic metalens array, which is considered as a signifcant progress for metalens imaging.","PeriodicalId":169543,"journal":{"name":"ODS 2019: Industrial Optical Devices and Systems","volume":"421 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115855926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joshua Rodriguez, Braden J. Smith, Brandon Hellman, Heejoo Choi, Guanghao Chen, Youngsik Kim, Dae Wook Kim, Y. Takashima
Laser beam steering technology is essential for modern consumer and scientific optical devices including displays, microscopy, and Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) systems. Along with mechanical and completely non-mechanical beam steering approaches, Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) are emerging beam steering devices that are especially suitable for LIDAR systems due to their fast scan rate and large scan angle. A class of MEMS-based devices, the Digital Micromirror Device (DMD), has been demonstrated for beam steering too by synchronizing its mirror movement to laser pulse. The tilt movement of micromirrors synchronizes with multiple pulses from multiple laser sources that sequentially redirect the pulses to multiple diffraction orders within μs. Based on the beam steering principle, multi-beam and multi-pulse beam steering in single-chip DMD LIDAR architecture provides a pathway to fast distance range finding having over 1M samples/s scan rate by leveraging a commercially available DMD, laser diodes and drivers. As a proof of concept, 3.34kHz and 15 points of range finding is demonstrated by using three pulsed laser diodes operating at 905nm. Additionally, multi-pulse beam steering for 5 points with an increased scanning rate of 6.63kHz demonstrates further enhancement of the scanning speed. The approach opens up a pathway to achieve a LIDAR system with a scanning rate over 1M samples/s while leveraging a state of the art DMD and a moderate number of laser sources.
{"title":"High-speed LiDAR by multi-order laser beam steering with digital micromirror device (Conference Presentation)","authors":"Joshua Rodriguez, Braden J. Smith, Brandon Hellman, Heejoo Choi, Guanghao Chen, Youngsik Kim, Dae Wook Kim, Y. Takashima","doi":"10.1117/12.2529029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2529029","url":null,"abstract":"Laser beam steering technology is essential for modern consumer and scientific optical devices including displays, microscopy, and Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) systems. Along with mechanical and completely non-mechanical beam steering approaches, Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) are emerging beam steering devices that are especially suitable for LIDAR systems due to their fast scan rate and large scan angle. A class of MEMS-based devices, the Digital Micromirror Device (DMD), has been demonstrated for beam steering too by synchronizing its mirror movement to laser pulse. The tilt movement of micromirrors synchronizes with multiple pulses from multiple laser sources that sequentially redirect the pulses to multiple diffraction orders within μs. Based on the beam steering principle, multi-beam and multi-pulse beam steering in single-chip DMD LIDAR architecture provides a pathway to fast distance range finding having over 1M samples/s scan rate by leveraging a commercially available DMD, laser diodes and drivers. As a proof of concept, 3.34kHz and 15 points of range finding is demonstrated by using three pulsed laser diodes operating at 905nm. Additionally, multi-pulse beam steering for 5 points with an increased scanning rate of 6.63kHz demonstrates further enhancement of the scanning speed. The approach opens up a pathway to achieve a LIDAR system with a scanning rate over 1M samples/s while leveraging a state of the art DMD and a moderate number of laser sources.","PeriodicalId":169543,"journal":{"name":"ODS 2019: Industrial Optical Devices and Systems","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116428926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multilayer optical data storage is a promising approach for realizing archival optical discs with terabyte capacity for applications in enterprise data storage. We report on the fabrication of optical discs containing 16 layers from a high-scalable multilayer polymer film co-extrusion process. Polymer co-extrusion is a well-established roll-to-roll manufacturing process with applications as diverse as food packaging and high performance optical filters. We have adapted this to produce films with alternating active and buffer layers. The film is easily fabricated into optical discs with the potential capacity of several terabytes. Data is stored in voxels defined by photobleaching a fluorescent or reflective dye contained in writable layers of 200-300nm thickness separated by inert layers of 2-3 microns. We have shown that at short pulse durations of a pulse-modulated commercial 405nm laser, the nonlinear writing process within the absorption band of the dye exhibits a distinct threshold, thus promising low crosstalk and sub-diffraction limit bit patterns. Results on writing physics will be presented. We have recently demonstrated that data can be written and read using a novel optical pick-up. The confocal optical configuration for reading suggests that the drive developed for our discs could be backward compatible with earlier commercial optical discs. Studies of photostability and defect density suggest the suitability of this technology for long-term, high-performance enterprise archival data storage.
{"title":"Co-extruded multilayer optical data storage media: Toward terabyte scale discs (Conference Presentation)","authors":"K. Singer, I. Shiyanovskaya","doi":"10.1117/12.2531148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2531148","url":null,"abstract":"Multilayer optical data storage is a promising approach for realizing archival optical discs with terabyte capacity for applications in enterprise data storage. We report on the fabrication of optical discs containing 16 layers from a high-scalable multilayer polymer film co-extrusion process.\u0000\u0000Polymer co-extrusion is a well-established roll-to-roll manufacturing process with applications as diverse as food packaging and high performance optical filters. We have adapted this to produce films with alternating active and buffer layers. The film is easily fabricated into optical discs with the potential capacity of several terabytes. \u0000Data is stored in voxels defined by photobleaching a fluorescent or reflective dye contained in writable layers of 200-300nm thickness separated by inert layers of 2-3 microns. We have shown that at short pulse durations of a pulse-modulated commercial 405nm laser, the nonlinear writing process within the absorption band of the dye exhibits a distinct threshold, thus promising low crosstalk and sub-diffraction limit bit patterns. Results on writing physics will be presented.\u0000\u0000We have recently demonstrated that data can be written and read using a novel optical pick-up. The confocal optical configuration for reading suggests that the drive developed for our discs could be backward compatible with earlier commercial optical discs. Studies of photostability and defect density suggest the suitability of this technology for long-term, high-performance enterprise archival data storage.","PeriodicalId":169543,"journal":{"name":"ODS 2019: Industrial Optical Devices and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130249100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The original image has been processed by sampling, calculating and encoding to achieve a-Si based hologram patterns using MATLAB. Through the investigation of the relationship between laser fluences and phase modulations (π), the calculated hologram pattern has been fabricated with femtosecond laser processing. The holographic image is captured using CCD by illuminating the hologram patterns with 561 nm laser beam. The conversion efficiency of 0.82% has been measured using an optical meter.
{"title":"Amorphous silicon based multi-level holograms (Conference Presentation)","authors":"H. Luan, Xi Chen, M. Gu","doi":"10.1117/12.2529711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2529711","url":null,"abstract":"The original image has been processed by sampling, calculating and encoding to achieve a-Si based hologram patterns using MATLAB. Through the investigation of the relationship between laser fluences and phase modulations (π), the calculated hologram pattern has been fabricated with femtosecond laser processing. The holographic image is captured using CCD by illuminating the hologram patterns with 561 nm laser beam. The conversion efficiency of 0.82% has been measured using an optical meter.","PeriodicalId":169543,"journal":{"name":"ODS 2019: Industrial Optical Devices and Systems","volume":"5 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120991784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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