F. Shawesh, E. Lagha, Khadija Alkadea, Abdurraouf Zaet
Purpose: Pathogens linked to the most prevalent bacterial and viral infections worldwide are COVID-19 and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). The co-infection of COVID-19 and pathogenic microorganisms posed a serious health risk. Several hematological parameters, including platelets, white blood cell total count, lymphocytes, neutrophils, (along with neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratios), and red blood cells, have also been linked to the presence and severity of COVID-19 infection. This study aims to evaluate the association between COVID-19 Infection and H. Pylori infection and their effects on some blood cell counts. Materials and Methods: One thousand three hundred twenty (1320) COVID-19- infected patients and their blood parameters were examined by ELISA then all data statistics were analyzed. Results: The percentage of H. pylori infection in COVID-19 patients was significantly high in females compared to males (56.30% and 43.70% respectively) (P=0.05) Moreover, there was a significant increase in WBCs (P=0.01), Neutrophil (P=0.004) and platelet counts (P=0.002) count with COVID-19 and H. pylori compared to the healthy group. However, there was a significant decrease in counts of lymphocytes (P=0.01), and RBC counts (P=0.03) between all the comparative groups. Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between H. pylori infection and COVID-19 patients. Also, there was a significant difference (x2 = 2.47, p = 0.03) between all groups according to blood parameters. (Open J Bio Med Res 2022;1:2-6) Keywords COVID-19, Helicobacter pylori, co-infection, hematological parameters.
目的:与全球最普遍的细菌和病毒感染相关的病原体是COVID-19和幽门螺杆菌(H. pylori)。COVID-19和病原微生物的共同感染构成了严重的健康风险。一些血液学参数，包括血小板、白细胞总数、淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞(以及中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞和血小板-淋巴细胞比率)和红细胞，也与COVID-19感染的存在和严重程度有关。本研究旨在评估COVID-19感染与幽门螺杆菌感染之间的关系及其对某些血细胞计数的影响。材料与方法:对1320例新型冠状病毒感染患者进行ELISA检测，并对所有数据进行统计学分析。结果:新冠肺炎患者中女性幽门螺杆菌感染率明显高于男性(分别为56.30%和43.70%)(P=0.05)，感染新冠肺炎和幽门螺杆菌的患者白细胞(P=0.01)、中性粒细胞(P=0.004)和血小板计数(P=0.002)均明显高于健康组。然而，各组淋巴细胞计数(P=0.01)和红细胞计数(P=0.03)均显著降低。结论:幽门螺杆菌感染与COVID-19患者有显著相关性。各组血液指标比较差异有统计学意义(x2 = 2.47, p = 0.03)。关键词COVID-19，幽门螺杆菌，合并感染，血液学参数
{"title":"The relationship between COVID-19 and Helicobacter pylori infections in Zawia, Libya, and their effect on certain blood","authors":"F. Shawesh, E. Lagha, Khadija Alkadea, Abdurraouf Zaet","doi":"10.26629/ojbr.2022.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26629/ojbr.2022.02","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Pathogens linked to the most prevalent bacterial and viral infections worldwide are COVID-19 and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). The co-infection of COVID-19 and pathogenic microorganisms posed a serious health risk. Several hematological parameters, including platelets, white blood cell total count, lymphocytes, neutrophils, (along with neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratios), and red blood cells, have also been linked to the presence and severity of COVID-19 infection. This study aims to evaluate the association between COVID-19 Infection and H. Pylori infection and their effects on some blood cell counts. Materials and Methods: One thousand three hundred twenty (1320) COVID-19- infected patients and their blood parameters were examined by ELISA then all data statistics were analyzed. Results: The percentage of H. pylori infection in COVID-19 patients was significantly high in females compared to males (56.30% and 43.70% respectively) (P=0.05) Moreover, there was a significant increase in WBCs (P=0.01), Neutrophil (P=0.004) and platelet counts (P=0.002) count with COVID-19 and H. pylori compared to the healthy group. However, there was a significant decrease in counts of lymphocytes (P=0.01), and RBC counts (P=0.03) between all the comparative groups. Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between H. pylori infection and COVID-19 patients. Also, there was a significant difference (x2 = 2.47, p = 0.03) between all groups according to blood parameters. (Open J Bio Med Res 2022;1:2-6) Keywords COVID-19, Helicobacter pylori, co-infection, hematological parameters.","PeriodicalId":170585,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132729127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jbireal M Jbireal, A. Kharbash, F. Abdalla, Soror Owhida, Nadia Kshot, Ruwayda Abuihbayl, Kholoud Abdulmawlay, S. Abobaker
Purpose: To establish the prevalence of lymphoma in Libya and to describe the demographic characteristics of patients based on the official records of the national oncology institute and to mention some of the clinicopathological characteristics to be compared with other results that have been recently published internationally. Materials and Methods: Between 2013 and 2015, 25 lymphoma patients, ranging in age from 15 to 90 (mean age: 43), registered at the National Oncology Institute in Sabratha, were examined for the incidence rate of lymphoma and the identification of epidemiological and clinicopathological aspects. The tumor was divided into stages 1, 2, 3, and 4 with a representative percent of 8%, 44%, 36%, and 12 % respectively. For grading the samples, at least one tissue section of 5 μm thickness was stained with hematoxylin and eosin red stain. Results: There were 6,4 new cases of lymphoma per 100,000 people in Libya. This figure can be broken down into 3.8 NHL and 2.6 HL. Lymphoma incidence in the Libyan population is highly correlated with middle age, with almost 60% of cases occurring in those between 20 and 60 years old, with a mean age of 43. The total number of cases belonging to grade 1 was 6 cases (24%) divided into 4 (66.7%) in the coast region, 2 (33.3%) in the mountain region, and 0 cases in the south region. Grade 3 was represented the higher number of patients with 10 patients (40%) as compared with grade 2 (8 cases, 32%) and grade 4 (1 case, 4%) and most patients were located in the coast region. Additionally, the number of patients with NHL was 18 (72%) divided into 14 (77.8%) in the coast region, 2 (11%) in the mountain region, and 2 (11%) in the south whereas the number of patients with HL was 7 (28%) divided into 6 (85%) in coast region and 1 (14.3%) in the south region with no HL cases in mountain region. Conclusion: The results suggest the importance of achieving more studies in the future to explore the risk factors behind the prevalence of such type of blood cancer in Libya. (Open J Bio Med Res 2022;1:28-32.)
目的:根据国家肿瘤研究所的官方记录，确定利比亚淋巴瘤的患病率，描述患者的人口统计学特征，并提及一些临床病理特征，以便与最近国际上发表的其他结果进行比较。材料与方法:2013 - 2015年间，在Sabratha国家肿瘤研究所登记的25例淋巴瘤患者，年龄15 - 90岁(平均年龄:43岁)，检查淋巴瘤发病率以及流行病学和临床病理学方面的鉴定。肿瘤分为1期、2期、3期和4期，分别为8%、44%、36%和12%。用苏木精和伊红染色对至少一个5 μm厚度的组织切片进行分级。结果:利比亚每10万人中有6.4例淋巴瘤新发病例。这个数字可以细分为3.8 NHL和2.6 HL。利比亚人群的淋巴瘤发病率与中年高度相关，几乎60%的病例发生在20至60岁之间，平均年龄为43岁。1级病例总数为6例(占24%)，其中沿海地区4例(占66.7%)，山区2例(占33.3%)，南部地区0例。与2级(8例，32%)和4级(1例，4%)相比，3级(10例，40%)患者人数较多，大多数患者位于沿海地区。此外，沿海地区NHL患者18例(72%)/ 14例(77.8%)，山区2例(11%)，南部2例(11%)，而沿海地区HL患者7例(28%)/ 6例(85%)，南部地区HL患者1例(14.3%)，山区无HL病例。结论:该结果提示未来开展更多研究以探索利比亚此类血癌流行背后的危险因素的重要性。(Open J Bio Med Res 2022;1:28-32.)
{"title":"Demographic characteristics and clinicopathological features of lymphoma (HL and NHL) in Libya","authors":"Jbireal M Jbireal, A. Kharbash, F. Abdalla, Soror Owhida, Nadia Kshot, Ruwayda Abuihbayl, Kholoud Abdulmawlay, S. Abobaker","doi":"10.26629/ojbr.2022.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26629/ojbr.2022.06","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To establish the prevalence of lymphoma in Libya and to describe the demographic characteristics of patients based on the official records of the national oncology institute and to mention some of the clinicopathological characteristics to be compared with other results that have been recently published internationally. Materials and Methods: Between 2013 and 2015, 25 lymphoma patients, ranging in age from 15 to 90 (mean age: 43), registered at the National Oncology Institute in Sabratha, were examined for the incidence rate of lymphoma and the identification of epidemiological and clinicopathological aspects. The tumor was divided into stages 1, 2, 3, and 4 with a representative percent of 8%, 44%, 36%, and 12 % respectively. For grading the samples, at least one tissue section of 5 μm thickness was stained with hematoxylin and eosin red stain. Results: There were 6,4 new cases of lymphoma per 100,000 people in Libya. This figure can be broken down into 3.8 NHL and 2.6 HL. Lymphoma incidence in the Libyan population is highly correlated with middle age, with almost 60% of cases occurring in those between 20 and 60 years old, with a mean age of 43. The total number of cases belonging to grade 1 was 6 cases (24%) divided into 4 (66.7%) in the coast region, 2 (33.3%) in the mountain region, and 0 cases in the south region. Grade 3 was represented the higher number of patients with 10 patients (40%) as compared with grade 2 (8 cases, 32%) and grade 4 (1 case, 4%) and most patients were located in the coast region. Additionally, the number of patients with NHL was 18 (72%) divided into 14 (77.8%) in the coast region, 2 (11%) in the mountain region, and 2 (11%) in the south whereas the number of patients with HL was 7 (28%) divided into 6 (85%) in coast region and 1 (14.3%) in the south region with no HL cases in mountain region. Conclusion: The results suggest the importance of achieving more studies in the future to explore the risk factors behind the prevalence of such type of blood cancer in Libya. (Open J Bio Med Res 2022;1:28-32.)","PeriodicalId":170585,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115290798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arwa Benkhaial, Asmaa A. Rabee, Raga A. Elzahaf, I. Elmahdi, Fatma Benkhaial, T. Meidan
Purpose: Patient-reported data is an important source of safety information. The aim of this study was to describe the side effects of COVID-19 vaccines used in Libya, compare them, and find the association of these with different factors. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the eastern part of Libya. Adults who got one or two doses of any COVID-19 vaccine were included. The questionnaire was distributed online via social media, and also distributed as paper form to increase the responses. Results: In total, 1779 adults, (53.7%) females completed the questionnaire. The mean age of participants was 39.87±14.99. Generally, females experienced side effects slightly higher compared to males (75.7% and 68.8% respectively). Overall, the prevalence of side effects was slightly higher in participants aged ≤40 years compared to those aged >40 years (76.5% and 66.6% respectively). However, this difference was found to be statistically significant (p=0.001). The side effects were more common among those previously infected with COVID-19 than those not (78.5% and 21.5%, respectively; p=0.001). The side effects were more common among those, who received the Sputnik V and the Sinopharm vaccine compared to other types. The most common side effect was fever (41.1%), (47.3%) for the Sputnik V vaccine. Conclusion: The side effects of COVID-19 vaccines used in Libya are generally mild and selflimiting. The most common side effect was fever, which was more prominent among females and the younger age group of participants. Also, the side effects were more common among those, who received the Sputnik V vaccine. (Open J Bio Med Res 2022;1:19-27.)
目的:患者报告的数据是安全信息的重要来源。本研究的目的是描述在利比亚使用的COVID-19疫苗的副作用，对它们进行比较，并发现这些副作用与不同因素之间的关联。材料和方法:在利比亚东部进行横断面研究。其中包括接种了一剂或两剂COVID-19疫苗的成年人。调查问卷通过社交媒体在线分发，也以纸质形式分发，以增加回应。结果:共1779名成人，女性占53.7%。参与者平均年龄为39.87±14.99岁。一般来说，女性的副作用略高于男性(分别为75.7%和68.8%)。总体而言，≤40岁的参与者的副作用发生率略高于>40岁的参与者(分别为76.5%和66.6%)。然而，这种差异在统计学上是显著的(p=0.001)。副作用在先前感染COVID-19的患者中比未感染的患者更常见(分别为78.5%和21.5%;p = 0.001)。与其他类型的人相比，接种Sputnik V和国药控股疫苗的人的副作用更常见。最常见的副作用是发热(41.1%)，而Sputnik V疫苗的副作用为发热(47.3%)。结论:利比亚使用的COVID-19疫苗副作用一般较轻且具有自限性。最常见的副作用是发烧，这在女性和年轻年龄组的参与者中更为突出。此外，副作用在那些接种了Sputnik V疫苗的人中更为常见。(Open J Bio Med Res 2022;1:19-27.)
{"title":"The side effects of COVID-19 vaccines: A cross-sectional study in the eastern region of Libya","authors":"Arwa Benkhaial, Asmaa A. Rabee, Raga A. Elzahaf, I. Elmahdi, Fatma Benkhaial, T. Meidan","doi":"10.26629/ojbr.2022.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26629/ojbr.2022.05","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Patient-reported data is an important source of safety information. The aim of this study was to describe the side effects of COVID-19 vaccines used in Libya, compare them, and find the association of these with different factors. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the eastern part of Libya. Adults who got one or two doses of any COVID-19 vaccine were included. The questionnaire was distributed online via social media, and also distributed as paper form to increase the responses. Results: In total, 1779 adults, (53.7%) females completed the questionnaire. The mean age of participants was 39.87±14.99. Generally, females experienced side effects slightly higher compared to males (75.7% and 68.8% respectively). Overall, the prevalence of side effects was slightly higher in participants aged ≤40 years compared to those aged >40 years (76.5% and 66.6% respectively). However, this difference was found to be statistically significant (p=0.001). The side effects were more common among those previously infected with COVID-19 than those not (78.5% and 21.5%, respectively; p=0.001). The side effects were more common among those, who received the Sputnik V and the Sinopharm vaccine compared to other types. The most common side effect was fever (41.1%), (47.3%) for the Sputnik V vaccine. Conclusion: The side effects of COVID-19 vaccines used in Libya are generally mild and selflimiting. The most common side effect was fever, which was more prominent among females and the younger age group of participants. Also, the side effects were more common among those, who received the Sputnik V vaccine. (Open J Bio Med Res 2022;1:19-27.)","PeriodicalId":170585,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124952993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Anaesthesia technicians are part of the ICU medical team, their profession is critical to the healthcare environment for achievement and delivery of adequate care and they do the respiratory therapists jobs/roles as well. The aim of the current study was to find out factors affecting anaesthesia technicians working in ICU. Materials and Methods: This was a qualitative single center study utilizing focus-group interviews (FGI’s), and in-depth individual interviews. Twenty anaesthesia technicians working in the ICU were enrolled until data saturation was reached. Data were analyzed using Colaizz’s method. Results: Through data analysis, three themes including system-related factors, environmental-related factors, and individual-related factors were found. Conclusion: The present study provided clear understanding of factors affecting anaesthesia technician’s working in ICU and these were found to be longstanding. The factors included system, environmental and individual related. Utilizing the results of this study can help develop managerial programs for understanding the factor affecting anaesthesia technician and job satisfaction promotion. (Open J Bio Med Res 2022;1:12-18.)
目的:麻醉技术人员是ICU医疗团队的一部分，他们的专业对实现和提供充分护理的医疗环境至关重要，他们也承担呼吸治疗师的工作/角色。本研究的目的是找出影响麻醉技术人员在ICU工作的因素。材料和方法:这是一项定性的单中心研究，利用焦点小组访谈(FGI)和深入的个人访谈。20名在ICU工作的麻醉技术人员入组，直到数据饱和。数据分析采用Colaizz的方法。结果:通过数据分析，发现了制度相关因素、环境相关因素和个体相关因素三个主题。结论:本研究明确了影响ICU麻醉技师工作的因素，这些因素是长期存在的。影响因素包括制度因素、环境因素和个体因素。利用本研究的结果，可以帮助制定管理方案，以了解影响麻醉技师工作满意度提升的因素。(Open J Bio Med Res 2022;1:12-18.)
{"title":"Factors influence anaesthesia technician work in intensive care unit (ICU): Qualitative study","authors":"Dalal Almghairbi, Zenab Elfzzani","doi":"10.26629/ojbr.2022.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26629/ojbr.2022.04","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Anaesthesia technicians are part of the ICU medical team, their profession is critical to the healthcare environment for achievement and delivery of adequate care and they do the respiratory therapists jobs/roles as well. The aim of the current study was to find out factors affecting anaesthesia technicians working in ICU. Materials and Methods: This was a qualitative single center study utilizing focus-group interviews (FGI’s), and in-depth individual interviews. Twenty anaesthesia technicians working in the ICU were enrolled until data saturation was reached. Data were analyzed using Colaizz’s method. Results: Through data analysis, three themes including system-related factors, environmental-related factors, and individual-related factors were found. Conclusion: The present study provided clear understanding of factors affecting anaesthesia technician’s working in ICU and these were found to be longstanding. The factors included system, environmental and individual related. Utilizing the results of this study can help develop managerial programs for understanding the factor affecting anaesthesia technician and job satisfaction promotion. (Open J Bio Med Res 2022;1:12-18.)","PeriodicalId":170585,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125349980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Welcome to the Open Journal of Biomedical Research: A new journal with new value! Contributors","authors":"","doi":"10.26629/ojbr.2022.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26629/ojbr.2022.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":170585,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122261701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kharbash, Azhar Kabar, Z. Ammar, Safa Omran, Abdelmoez Eshrif, Mohamed Wadan, Alsadiq Abdullah, Abdurraouf Zaet
Purpose: In December 2019, a coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was detected in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and soon expanded to neighboring countries. Although abrupt respiratory failure and diffuse alveolar damage were the most notable features, another organ involvement needs to be looked at further. This study aimed to investigate the renal function tests among COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: The study surveyed a total of 247 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 at an isolation center located in Zawia, Libya over one year during 2020 and 2021. Laboratory analysis was performed on Urea, creatinine, chloride (Cl), sodium (Na), and potassium (K) parameters. Pearson correlation coefficient and interpretation in SPSS were used to analyze all tested samples. Results: Male COVID-19 patients, in particular had higher levels of urea and creatinine levels than normal and there was a positive connection with the three elements, as well as a positive statistical significance (0.001) for all the renal function tests. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients increase all of the elements listed above, either directly or indirectly, which is why conservative measures are the mainstay of contemporary renal trauma treatment. (Open J Bio Med Res 2022;1:7-11) Keywords COVID-19, kidney function, Urea, Creatinine, Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride.
{"title":"Assessment of kidney functions among COVID-19 patients in Isolation Center, Zawia-Libya","authors":"A. Kharbash, Azhar Kabar, Z. Ammar, Safa Omran, Abdelmoez Eshrif, Mohamed Wadan, Alsadiq Abdullah, Abdurraouf Zaet","doi":"10.26629/ojbr.2022.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26629/ojbr.2022.03","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: In December 2019, a coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was detected in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and soon expanded to neighboring countries. Although abrupt respiratory failure and diffuse alveolar damage were the most notable features, another organ involvement needs to be looked at further. This study aimed to investigate the renal function tests among COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: The study surveyed a total of 247 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 at an isolation center located in Zawia, Libya over one year during 2020 and 2021. Laboratory analysis was performed on Urea, creatinine, chloride (Cl), sodium (Na), and potassium (K) parameters. Pearson correlation coefficient and interpretation in SPSS were used to analyze all tested samples. Results: Male COVID-19 patients, in particular had higher levels of urea and creatinine levels than normal and there was a positive connection with the three elements, as well as a positive statistical significance (0.001) for all the renal function tests. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients increase all of the elements listed above, either directly or indirectly, which is why conservative measures are the mainstay of contemporary renal trauma treatment. (Open J Bio Med Res 2022;1:7-11) Keywords COVID-19, kidney function, Urea, Creatinine, Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride.","PeriodicalId":170585,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Biomedical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130663009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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