Pub Date : 2001-02-01DOI: 10.1097/00019048-200102000-00005
C. Hirsch, John L. Johnson
{"title":"Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: New U.S. Guidelines","authors":"C. Hirsch, John L. Johnson","doi":"10.1097/00019048-200102000-00005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00019048-200102000-00005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":171682,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Disease in Clinical Practice","volume":"64 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128019896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-02-01DOI: 10.1097/00019048-200102000-00009
R. Aly
Fungal infections of the skin, hair and nails are among the most common skin diseases. The increased incidence of these infections in recent years has been attributed to the large number of immunocompromised patients, life-style changes (greater attendance at gymnasiums, public baths, etc.), the use of chemotherapeutic agents, and the greater presence of elderly people in the general population. Superficial fungal infections were also the most frequent and troublesome dermatological condition occurring among US forces during the war in Vietnam.
{"title":"Skin, Hair and Nail Fungal Infections *","authors":"R. Aly","doi":"10.1097/00019048-200102000-00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00019048-200102000-00009","url":null,"abstract":"Fungal infections of the skin, hair and nails are among the most common skin diseases. The increased incidence of these infections in recent years has been attributed to the large number of immunocompromised patients, life-style changes (greater attendance at gymnasiums, public baths, etc.), the use of chemotherapeutic agents, and the greater presence of elderly people in the general population. Superficial fungal infections were also the most frequent and troublesome dermatological condition occurring among US forces during the war in Vietnam.","PeriodicalId":171682,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Disease in Clinical Practice","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128411735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-02-01DOI: 10.1097/00019048-200102000-00004
J. Karlowsky, C. Thornsberry, D. Peterson, D. C. Mayfield, D. Sahm
Given the numbers of urinary tract infections treated by family physicians and the rapid rise in resistance to traditional first-line therapies, there is a need to monitor antimicrobial resistance regionally and among various patient groups, and to use this information to predict effective empiric therapy. To determine current rates of resistance among Escherichia coli to three commonly prescribed antimicrobials, susceptibility testing results and patient demographic information were gathered via Internet-based electronic surveillance. Among 133,941 urinary tract isolates of E. coli, overall resistance rates were 38.5% for ampicillin, 18.0% for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), and 2.2% for ciprofloxacin. Resistance to ampicillin and TMP-SMX was highest among patients aged 18–65 years, whereas resistance to ciprofloxacin was low for all age groups but highest among patients aged >65 years. TMP-SMX resistance was >10% in every region of the United States, ranging from 12.9 to 23.2%. Ciprofloxacin demonstrated the lowest resistance overall (2.2%), as well as low levels of cross-resistance (<2%) with ampicillin and TMP-SMX. Current levels of resistance among E. coli to TMP-SMX suggest that its effectiveness for empiric therapy may be limited in some areas.
{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance Among Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Isolates in the United States: A Current View Provided by Electronic Surveillance","authors":"J. Karlowsky, C. Thornsberry, D. Peterson, D. C. Mayfield, D. Sahm","doi":"10.1097/00019048-200102000-00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00019048-200102000-00004","url":null,"abstract":"Given the numbers of urinary tract infections treated by family physicians and the rapid rise in resistance to traditional first-line therapies, there is a need to monitor antimicrobial resistance regionally and among various patient groups, and to use this information to predict effective empiric therapy. To determine current rates of resistance among Escherichia coli to three commonly prescribed antimicrobials, susceptibility testing results and patient demographic information were gathered via Internet-based electronic surveillance. Among 133,941 urinary tract isolates of E. coli, overall resistance rates were 38.5% for ampicillin, 18.0% for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), and 2.2% for ciprofloxacin. Resistance to ampicillin and TMP-SMX was highest among patients aged 18–65 years, whereas resistance to ciprofloxacin was low for all age groups but highest among patients aged >65 years. TMP-SMX resistance was >10% in every region of the United States, ranging from 12.9 to 23.2%. Ciprofloxacin demonstrated the lowest resistance overall (2.2%), as well as low levels of cross-resistance (<2%) with ampicillin and TMP-SMX. Current levels of resistance among E. coli to TMP-SMX suggest that its effectiveness for empiric therapy may be limited in some areas.","PeriodicalId":171682,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Disease in Clinical Practice","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114460029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-02-01DOI: 10.1097/00019048-200102000-00003
P. Ender, Peter K. DeRussy, M. Caldwell, S. Taylor, S. Trevino, D. Ybarra
The immunologic response to the influenza vaccine is suboptimal in the elderly. This poor response may be caused by vitamin deficiencies, which are common in the elderly. Seventy-nine subjects were randomized to receive multivitamin or placebo 100 days before influenza vaccination. Serologic analysis was done at the time of vaccination and 1 month later, using the influenza antigens used in the influenza vaccine in 1998–1999. The placebo group had a higher percentage of twofold (78% versus 56%, p = .048) and fourfold increases in titer (56% versus 35%, p = .072). The placebo group also had higher postvaccination geometric mean titers and increases in the geometric mean titer (GMT). This was statistically significant for the A/Beijing/262/95 (H1N1) antigen GMT (p = .0061) and the increase in the A/Beijing/262/95 (H1N1) antigen GMT (p = .0031). In the elderly, multivitamin use does not improve, and may decrease, the serologic response rate to the influenza vaccine.
{"title":"The Effect of a Multivitamin on the Immunologic Response to the Influenza Vaccine in the Elderly","authors":"P. Ender, Peter K. DeRussy, M. Caldwell, S. Taylor, S. Trevino, D. Ybarra","doi":"10.1097/00019048-200102000-00003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00019048-200102000-00003","url":null,"abstract":"The immunologic response to the influenza vaccine is suboptimal in the elderly. This poor response may be caused by vitamin deficiencies, which are common in the elderly. Seventy-nine subjects were randomized to receive multivitamin or placebo 100 days before influenza vaccination. Serologic analysis was done at the time of vaccination and 1 month later, using the influenza antigens used in the influenza vaccine in 1998–1999. The placebo group had a higher percentage of twofold (78% versus 56%, p = .048) and fourfold increases in titer (56% versus 35%, p = .072). The placebo group also had higher postvaccination geometric mean titers and increases in the geometric mean titer (GMT). This was statistically significant for the A/Beijing/262/95 (H1N1) antigen GMT (p = .0061) and the increase in the A/Beijing/262/95 (H1N1) antigen GMT (p = .0031). In the elderly, multivitamin use does not improve, and may decrease, the serologic response rate to the influenza vaccine.","PeriodicalId":171682,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Disease in Clinical Practice","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128739753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-02-01DOI: 10.1097/00019048-200102000-00007
M. Kanno, G. Poré, D. Levine
{"title":"Recurrent Group B Streptococcus Bacteremia Associated with Menstruation","authors":"M. Kanno, G. Poré, D. Levine","doi":"10.1097/00019048-200102000-00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00019048-200102000-00007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":171682,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Disease in Clinical Practice","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114316155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-01DOI: 10.1097/00019048-200102000-00008
Theodare F. Tsai, S. Halstead
This section should be of particular interest to the travel medicine physician as it reports many new manifestations of exotic viral infections, both in terms of new clinical expression or extension to new geographical territory. Included are descriptions of improved diagnostic methodologies for arboviral diseases, a discussion of safety issues involving a licensed travel medicine vaccine and a randomized placebocontrolled trial of a drug widely prescribed to reduce vascular permeability in dengue hemorrhagic fever.
{"title":"Tropical Viral Infections *","authors":"Theodare F. Tsai, S. Halstead","doi":"10.1097/00019048-200102000-00008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00019048-200102000-00008","url":null,"abstract":"This section should be of particular interest to the travel medicine physician as it reports many new manifestations of exotic viral infections, both in terms of new clinical expression or extension to new geographical territory. Included are descriptions of improved diagnostic methodologies for arboviral diseases, a discussion of safety issues involving a licensed travel medicine vaccine and a randomized placebocontrolled trial of a drug widely prescribed to reduce vascular permeability in dengue hemorrhagic fever.","PeriodicalId":171682,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Disease in Clinical Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116888336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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