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Generalization of an integrated cost model and extensions to cots, ple and ttm 集成成本模型的一般化和扩展到cots、ple和ttm
Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.33915/etd.2257
Lin Yang, R. Reddy
There have been existing software reuse cost models related to estimating costs of software reuse, for example, COCOMO II, COCOTS, and so on. Chmiel's model [Chmiel 2000] is a generalization of these cost models. This model is different from others in that the decisions are composed of four levels and treats reuse projects from a point of view of long term run. Each level corresponds one engineering cycle. Each level is a decision making process based on calculation of NPV, ROI, and other economic indices. Reuse investment decisions are made on different levels from the corporate to the programming. Chmiel's model doesn't cover Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS), Product Line Engineering (PLE) and benefits due to shortened Time-To-Market (TTM) and can only deal with internal traffic since the model assumes all of the reusable components are built from scratch in house. For example, Extra efforts caused by the use of COTS, assessment, tailoring, glue code and COTS volatility, are not covered in this model. And this model doesn't treat the benefits of TTM, for example, business performance. By extending Chmiel's model, the new model is applied to CBSE (Component-Based Software Engineering), COTS reuse systems and PLE. In addition, attempts of quantifying benefits of shortened TTM are made within this study and a TTM submodel is developed to cover this issue. This study also addresses the issue to analyze and optimize corporate Return On Investment (ROI). The rational is that optimizing (maximizing) the corporate ROI under the condition that all other ROI's are positive. By designing an algorithm and applying it to the data, this study discovers the method how to make the maximized value of corporate ROI. And this model is supported through a tool based on the model rationale. Users to this tool are corporate management and development engineers. The supporting tool has user-friendly interface and allows users to input values of related parameters. A detailed report is produced, which is composed of details about costs and benefits, final Net Present Value (NPV) and ROI of each cycle.
已有的软件重用成本模型与估算软件重用的成本相关,例如COCOMO II、COCOTS等。Chmiel的模型[Chmiel 2000]是这些成本模型的概括。这个模型与其他模型的不同之处在于,它的决策由四个层次组成,并且从长期运行的角度看待重用项目。每个级别对应一个工程周期。每一层都是一个基于NPV、ROI等经济指标计算的决策过程。重用投资决策是在从公司到编程的不同层次上做出的。Chmiel的模型不包括商用现货(COTS)、产品线工程(PLE)和缩短上市时间(TTM)带来的好处,并且只能处理内部流量,因为该模型假设所有可重用组件都是从头开始在内部构建的。例如,由于使用COTS、评估、裁剪、粘合代码和COTS易变性而引起的额外工作,并没有包括在这个模型中。这个模型没有考虑到TTM的好处,例如,业务绩效。通过对Chmiel模型的扩展,将该模型应用于基于组件的软件工程(CBSE)、COTS重用系统和PLE中。此外,本研究还尝试对缩短TTM的效益进行量化,并开发了一个TTM子模型来涵盖这一问题。本研究也探讨了企业投资报酬率(ROI)的分析与优化问题。其合理性在于,在其他投资回报率均为正的情况下,优化(最大化)企业的投资回报率。本研究通过设计一种算法,并将其应用到数据中,发现了企业投资回报率最大化的方法。这个模型是通过一个基于模型原理的工具来支持的。该工具的用户为企业管理和开发工程师。支持工具具有友好的界面,允许用户输入相关参数的值。生成一份详细的报告,该报告由每个周期的成本和收益,最终净现值(NPV)和ROI的详细信息组成。
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Journal of Zhengzhou University
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