Dementia is a cognitive disorder that includes a decline in mental ability. It is different from other cognitive disorders that people may get confused with, such as delirium and amnesia (Table 1). It affects basic cognitive skills (memory, attention), and higher executive functioning (i.e., planning, organization, and sequencing). Dementia results from impaired cognition, due to damage to the brain. The majority of dementia cases (60% to 80%) are classified as Alzheimer’s disease.1 Dementia includes a group of symptoms associated with a decline in memory or other thinking skills severe enough to gradually reduce a person’s ability to perform even basic activities of daily living at later and severe stages of the disease. Memory loss, miscommunication, inability to focus and pay attention, poor reasoning and poor judgment, and visual misperception are some common and core symptoms of dementia. In addition, people with dementia may have problems keeping track of things, managing their finances, preparing meals, remembering appointments or outdoor travelling.2
{"title":"Overview: dementia and the role of occupational therapy practitioner","authors":"H. Sarsak","doi":"10.15406/MOJYPT.2018.03.00053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJYPT.2018.03.00053","url":null,"abstract":"Dementia is a cognitive disorder that includes a decline in mental ability. It is different from other cognitive disorders that people may get confused with, such as delirium and amnesia (Table 1). It affects basic cognitive skills (memory, attention), and higher executive functioning (i.e., planning, organization, and sequencing). Dementia results from impaired cognition, due to damage to the brain. The majority of dementia cases (60% to 80%) are classified as Alzheimer’s disease.1 Dementia includes a group of symptoms associated with a decline in memory or other thinking skills severe enough to gradually reduce a person’s ability to perform even basic activities of daily living at later and severe stages of the disease. Memory loss, miscommunication, inability to focus and pay attention, poor reasoning and poor judgment, and visual misperception are some common and core symptoms of dementia. In addition, people with dementia may have problems keeping track of things, managing their finances, preparing meals, remembering appointments or outdoor travelling.2","PeriodicalId":182785,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Yoga & Physical Therapy","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116567012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Walking is a low impact exercises places minimum stress on the joint and is generally an easy exercise for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease patients to perform. Walking helps to build the muscle endurance, improve well being and allow becoming more selfsufficient. The relaxation technique helps to improve the quality of life and also reduce the dyspnea, as well as improving their physical activity. Breathing exercises help people to breathe more effectively and efficiently. The progressive muscle relaxation is an effective treatment in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It is a therapy that focuses on tightening and relaxing the muscle. The progressive muscle relaxation reduces anxiety and dyspnea as well as reduces intensity of pain, and relieves stress in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.2 The use of ground based walking with relaxation techniques in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to relieve dyspnea and anxiety level, still remains to be optimized. Hence the study aims in contributing towards the Efficacy of ground based walking and relaxation techniques in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.3–8
{"title":"Effectiveness of ground based walking with relaxation techniques to improve the quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","authors":"Muthukumar Ts, R Monisha, Binitha Serin Babu, Mohankumar Thekkinkatil","doi":"10.15406/MOJYPT.2018.03.00052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJYPT.2018.03.00052","url":null,"abstract":"Walking is a low impact exercises places minimum stress on the joint and is generally an easy exercise for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease patients to perform. Walking helps to build the muscle endurance, improve well being and allow becoming more selfsufficient. The relaxation technique helps to improve the quality of life and also reduce the dyspnea, as well as improving their physical activity. Breathing exercises help people to breathe more effectively and efficiently. The progressive muscle relaxation is an effective treatment in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It is a therapy that focuses on tightening and relaxing the muscle. The progressive muscle relaxation reduces anxiety and dyspnea as well as reduces intensity of pain, and relieves stress in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.2 The use of ground based walking with relaxation techniques in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to relieve dyspnea and anxiety level, still remains to be optimized. Hence the study aims in contributing towards the Efficacy of ground based walking and relaxation techniques in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.3–8","PeriodicalId":182785,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Yoga & Physical Therapy","volume":"206 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122601195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of physical exercises in common orthopedic conditions","authors":"N. Dhaniwala","doi":"10.15406/MOJYPT.2018.03.00051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJYPT.2018.03.00051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":182785,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Yoga & Physical Therapy","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114742961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Assistive Technology devices enable persons with disabilities to function in variety of contexts and activities.1 The wheelchair is viewed as one of the most common and most important assistive technology devices used in rehabilitation.2 Wheelchairs, both manual and power, are enablers of community participation and are used to enhance function, to improve independence, and to enable a person to successfully live at home and in the community.3 Wheelchair evaluation is a continuous process requiring re-assessment of wheelchair fit as users age and their functional conditions change.4 Research has shown that during this thorough process, clinicians need to take factors into consideration that are associated with functional performance, such as wheelchair characteristics and client demographics. It is the dynamic interactions between these factors that pose the challenge for clinicians and wheelchair users as they decide on the best wheeled mobility interventions.5 Although clients seeking a wheeled mobility device are assessed before a device is prescribed, research has not focused on the everyday functional performance of the clients with their wheelchairs. Rather, instead of focusing on the ability of the device to enable activities and participation, research has focused on a wheelchair skills, propulsion, abandonment, cost, policy, and wheelchair design.6 There is a need for wheelchair personnel and the lack of trained wheelchair service provision professionals is universal. The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) highlights the responsibility of states to ensure personal mobility and to promote the availability of and access to such devices. It is estimated that 70 million people require wheelchairs worldwide, yet only 5-15% of people have access. Wheelchair service provision is very underdeveloped across the world. People in developing countries often depend on the donation of wheelchairs, which are frequently of poor quality and neither suitable nor customized either for the users or their environment. Health and rehabilitation professionals are not always trained adequately to ensure people with disabilities get a quality wheelchair.6 There is great variability and inconsistency in what and how wheelchair related content is taught and evaluated. A need for global standardization of wheelchair service provision education is crucial. Therefore, and after extensive expert consultations, field trials and an expert review, the World Health Organization (WHO) in partnership with the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), developed the Wheelchair Service Training Packages Basic level (WSTP-b) and Intermediate Level (WSTP-I) during the period from 2015 until 2017.7 WHO training packages serve as guides for wheelchair service provision education worldwide. However, they are not yet taught in all countries, especially in lowresourced countries.8
{"title":"Developing wheelchair training program for rehabilitation and occupational therapy students","authors":"H. Sarsak","doi":"10.15406/MOJYPT.2018.03.00049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJYPT.2018.03.00049","url":null,"abstract":"Assistive Technology devices enable persons with disabilities to function in variety of contexts and activities.1 The wheelchair is viewed as one of the most common and most important assistive technology devices used in rehabilitation.2 Wheelchairs, both manual and power, are enablers of community participation and are used to enhance function, to improve independence, and to enable a person to successfully live at home and in the community.3 Wheelchair evaluation is a continuous process requiring re-assessment of wheelchair fit as users age and their functional conditions change.4 Research has shown that during this thorough process, clinicians need to take factors into consideration that are associated with functional performance, such as wheelchair characteristics and client demographics. It is the dynamic interactions between these factors that pose the challenge for clinicians and wheelchair users as they decide on the best wheeled mobility interventions.5 Although clients seeking a wheeled mobility device are assessed before a device is prescribed, research has not focused on the everyday functional performance of the clients with their wheelchairs. Rather, instead of focusing on the ability of the device to enable activities and participation, research has focused on a wheelchair skills, propulsion, abandonment, cost, policy, and wheelchair design.6 There is a need for wheelchair personnel and the lack of trained wheelchair service provision professionals is universal. The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) highlights the responsibility of states to ensure personal mobility and to promote the availability of and access to such devices. It is estimated that 70 million people require wheelchairs worldwide, yet only 5-15% of people have access. Wheelchair service provision is very underdeveloped across the world. People in developing countries often depend on the donation of wheelchairs, which are frequently of poor quality and neither suitable nor customized either for the users or their environment. Health and rehabilitation professionals are not always trained adequately to ensure people with disabilities get a quality wheelchair.6 There is great variability and inconsistency in what and how wheelchair related content is taught and evaluated. A need for global standardization of wheelchair service provision education is crucial. Therefore, and after extensive expert consultations, field trials and an expert review, the World Health Organization (WHO) in partnership with the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), developed the Wheelchair Service Training Packages Basic level (WSTP-b) and Intermediate Level (WSTP-I) during the period from 2015 until 2017.7 WHO training packages serve as guides for wheelchair service provision education worldwide. However, they are not yet taught in all countries, especially in lowresourced countries.8","PeriodicalId":182785,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Yoga & Physical Therapy","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129281959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emotional literacy was pioneered in the United Kingdom by Susie Orbach, who suggested that studying our emotions is a lifelong process of cultivating self-awareness.1 Additionally, Claude Steiner2 suggested that emotional literacy skills encourage identifying our emotions and speaking about their roots, developing an intuitive capacity, and creating amends for our mistakes. Emotional literacy is rooted in the art of self-love and cultivates a personal power.2 In addition to Steiner, I assert that emotional literacy teaches individuals how to set healthy emotional boundaries and to create new family narratives to mend intergenerational trauma.3 Despite emotional literacy’s value, it is second to popular notions of emotional intelligence testing promoted by Daniel Goleman.4 Goleman’s research studies were based on workplace efficiency and emotional competence for customer service5 Emotional intelligence is fixed and rooted in workplace efficiency2,6 and historically is rooted in eugenics testing that promoted the notion that being smart is an inherent trait that is not learned.6
{"title":"Yoga and emotional literacy","authors":"Anna Dinallo","doi":"10.15406/MOJYPT.2018.03.00048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJYPT.2018.03.00048","url":null,"abstract":"Emotional literacy was pioneered in the United Kingdom by Susie Orbach, who suggested that studying our emotions is a lifelong process of cultivating self-awareness.1 Additionally, Claude Steiner2 suggested that emotional literacy skills encourage identifying our emotions and speaking about their roots, developing an intuitive capacity, and creating amends for our mistakes. Emotional literacy is rooted in the art of self-love and cultivates a personal power.2 In addition to Steiner, I assert that emotional literacy teaches individuals how to set healthy emotional boundaries and to create new family narratives to mend intergenerational trauma.3 Despite emotional literacy’s value, it is second to popular notions of emotional intelligence testing promoted by Daniel Goleman.4 Goleman’s research studies were based on workplace efficiency and emotional competence for customer service5 Emotional intelligence is fixed and rooted in workplace efficiency2,6 and historically is rooted in eugenics testing that promoted the notion that being smart is an inherent trait that is not learned.6","PeriodicalId":182785,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Yoga & Physical Therapy","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133517524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The wheelchair is viewed as one of the most important assistive technology devices used in rehabilitation.1 Wheelchairs, both manual and powered, are enablers of community participation, are used to enhance function, to improve independence, and to enable a person to successfully live at home and in the community.2 Wheelchair evaluation is a continuous process requiring re-assessment of wheelchair fit as users age and their functional conditions change.3 Research has shown that during this process, clinicians need to take factors into consideration that are associated with functional performance, such as wheelchair characteristics and client demographics. It is the dynamic interactions between these factors that pose the challenge for clinicians and wheelchair users as they decide on the best wheeled mobility interventions.4 Although clients seeking a wheeled mobility device are assessed before a device is prescribed, research has not focused on the everyday functional performance of the clients with their wheelchairs. Rather, instead of focusing on the ability of the device to enable activities and participation, research has focused on wheelchair skills, propulsion, abandonment, cost, policy, and wheelchair design.5 Following receipt of a wheeled mobility device, outcomes can be measured using subjective (self/proxy report) or objective (performance-based observation at clinic and home) methods. These assessment methods do not always yield equivalent results with clinical samples, and therefore the level of association among functional subjective and objective methods among clients being assessed for, and receiving, wheeled mobility devices is unclear.6 There is currently a lack of comprehensive outcome measures that focus on everyday functioning with a wheelchair. The Wheelchair Physical Functional Performance (WC-PFP), the Wheelchair Skills Test (WST), and the Wheelchair Users Functional Assessment (WUFA) are valid and reliable performance measures used to assess client’s skills or function while using a manual wheelchair.7,8 None of these measures address the quality of functional performance or provide individual scores for independence and safety for both manual and power wheelchair users. Furthermore, these measures do not fully represent all the important tasks wheelchair users identified as important to perform in a seatingmobility device, such as Comfort Needs, Reach for multiple levels, Transfers to/from multiple levels, and Transportation.6,9 In response to the need for more comprehensive outcome measures to document function for third-party payers, and evaluate the efficacy of wheeled mobility interventions, a team of researchers at the University of Pittsburgh developed the FEW (a self-report measure), the FEWCapacity (FEW-C, a performance-based measure for the clinic), and the FEW-Performance (FEW-P, a performance-based measure for the home) outcome measurement instruments. The trio of FEW tools has been used in research and prove
{"title":"Measuring self–perceived satisfaction and independence of wheelchair users","authors":"H. Sarsak","doi":"10.15406/MOJYPT.2018.03.00046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJYPT.2018.03.00046","url":null,"abstract":"The wheelchair is viewed as one of the most important assistive technology devices used in rehabilitation.1 Wheelchairs, both manual and powered, are enablers of community participation, are used to enhance function, to improve independence, and to enable a person to successfully live at home and in the community.2 Wheelchair evaluation is a continuous process requiring re-assessment of wheelchair fit as users age and their functional conditions change.3 Research has shown that during this process, clinicians need to take factors into consideration that are associated with functional performance, such as wheelchair characteristics and client demographics. It is the dynamic interactions between these factors that pose the challenge for clinicians and wheelchair users as they decide on the best wheeled mobility interventions.4 Although clients seeking a wheeled mobility device are assessed before a device is prescribed, research has not focused on the everyday functional performance of the clients with their wheelchairs. Rather, instead of focusing on the ability of the device to enable activities and participation, research has focused on wheelchair skills, propulsion, abandonment, cost, policy, and wheelchair design.5 Following receipt of a wheeled mobility device, outcomes can be measured using subjective (self/proxy report) or objective (performance-based observation at clinic and home) methods. These assessment methods do not always yield equivalent results with clinical samples, and therefore the level of association among functional subjective and objective methods among clients being assessed for, and receiving, wheeled mobility devices is unclear.6 There is currently a lack of comprehensive outcome measures that focus on everyday functioning with a wheelchair. The Wheelchair Physical Functional Performance (WC-PFP), the Wheelchair Skills Test (WST), and the Wheelchair Users Functional Assessment (WUFA) are valid and reliable performance measures used to assess client’s skills or function while using a manual wheelchair.7,8 None of these measures address the quality of functional performance or provide individual scores for independence and safety for both manual and power wheelchair users. Furthermore, these measures do not fully represent all the important tasks wheelchair users identified as important to perform in a seatingmobility device, such as Comfort Needs, Reach for multiple levels, Transfers to/from multiple levels, and Transportation.6,9 In response to the need for more comprehensive outcome measures to document function for third-party payers, and evaluate the efficacy of wheeled mobility interventions, a team of researchers at the University of Pittsburgh developed the FEW (a self-report measure), the FEWCapacity (FEW-C, a performance-based measure for the clinic), and the FEW-Performance (FEW-P, a performance-based measure for the home) outcome measurement instruments. The trio of FEW tools has been used in research and prove","PeriodicalId":182785,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Yoga & Physical Therapy","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128838542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The University of Jordan is the first academic and research institution of Higher Education in Jordan. The university was established in 1962 and since then applied itself to the advancement of knowledge no less than to its dissemination. It is considered a comprehensive teaching, research and community-service institution which enables its students to choose from a wide range of programs. There are 18 faculties that offer more than 3500 different courses, for about 43.794 students and 255 students with disability.1 Data indicate that the number of students with disabling conditions in postsecondary institutions is increasing. The efforts made by universities were examined to ensure that special needs students are able to access higher education programs.2 In addition, the institution and course choice of some students was affected by physical access issues.3 They define disabled people as “persons with physical, mental and intellectual disabilities that hindered them from fully participating in a normal way in the community way of life.”4 The aim of rehabilitation is for the patients to return to the environment and his/her lifestyle. It also aims to encourage the patients to achieve satisfaction in productive activity and personal independency, by engaging in social and functional interaction with other people and his/her environment.5 Therapists strive to foster independence in all aspects of daily life. This includes not only activities of daily living, but also includes encouraging patient re-integration into the community. “Most of these needs are presented under the umbrella term ‘access’.6 Restriction of mobility is likely to be the most common handicap amongst persons with disabilities.7 Accessibility built environment is one of the primary concerns of urban planning and design. An urban space can be a successful public place if accessibility is provided. Besides this, a public place should provide accessibility to everyone, regardless physical abilities or financial resources, because ‘accessibility is the freedom and the ease of individuals to decide to participate in different activities’.5 Assessment of building accessibility and public accommodations is the first step in a planning process for readily achievable barrier removal. This assessment is usually done manually which is a source of errors that may affect the reliability of the evaluation results.8 However, assessments could be done through using some objective outcome measures and checklists that are valid and reliable. These checklists will help us to identify accessibility problems and solutions in existing facilities in order to meet obligations and accessibility universal standards.9 The goal of such checklists is to study how to make the facilities accessible for persons with disabilities. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Checklist for Readily Achievable Barrier Removal “Checklist for Existing Facilities-Version 2.1” highlights some of the requirements found in
{"title":"Assessing building accessibility for university students with disabilities","authors":"H. Sarsak","doi":"10.15406/MOJYPT.2018.03.00047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJYPT.2018.03.00047","url":null,"abstract":"The University of Jordan is the first academic and research institution of Higher Education in Jordan. The university was established in 1962 and since then applied itself to the advancement of knowledge no less than to its dissemination. It is considered a comprehensive teaching, research and community-service institution which enables its students to choose from a wide range of programs. There are 18 faculties that offer more than 3500 different courses, for about 43.794 students and 255 students with disability.1 Data indicate that the number of students with disabling conditions in postsecondary institutions is increasing. The efforts made by universities were examined to ensure that special needs students are able to access higher education programs.2 In addition, the institution and course choice of some students was affected by physical access issues.3 They define disabled people as “persons with physical, mental and intellectual disabilities that hindered them from fully participating in a normal way in the community way of life.”4 The aim of rehabilitation is for the patients to return to the environment and his/her lifestyle. It also aims to encourage the patients to achieve satisfaction in productive activity and personal independency, by engaging in social and functional interaction with other people and his/her environment.5 Therapists strive to foster independence in all aspects of daily life. This includes not only activities of daily living, but also includes encouraging patient re-integration into the community. “Most of these needs are presented under the umbrella term ‘access’.6 Restriction of mobility is likely to be the most common handicap amongst persons with disabilities.7 Accessibility built environment is one of the primary concerns of urban planning and design. An urban space can be a successful public place if accessibility is provided. Besides this, a public place should provide accessibility to everyone, regardless physical abilities or financial resources, because ‘accessibility is the freedom and the ease of individuals to decide to participate in different activities’.5 Assessment of building accessibility and public accommodations is the first step in a planning process for readily achievable barrier removal. This assessment is usually done manually which is a source of errors that may affect the reliability of the evaluation results.8 However, assessments could be done through using some objective outcome measures and checklists that are valid and reliable. These checklists will help us to identify accessibility problems and solutions in existing facilities in order to meet obligations and accessibility universal standards.9 The goal of such checklists is to study how to make the facilities accessible for persons with disabilities. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Checklist for Readily Achievable Barrier Removal “Checklist for Existing Facilities-Version 2.1” highlights some of the requirements found in","PeriodicalId":182785,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Yoga & Physical Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129695797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Efficient and effective training methods are continually sought after by physiotherapists, coaches, and athletes to enhance sports performance,1 Resisted movement training is used in athletic conditioning to enhance power and athletic performance by executing a movement important to sport with added resistance that is not excessive and does not adversely affect the movement pattern. Traditional weight training exercises performed slowly with heavy resistance are well suited to enhance strength but may not be optimal for power development requiring higher velocity because there are considerable portions of deceleration during the motion, whereas resisted movement training can allow for acceleration throughout the range of motion.2 Eccentric exercises are frequently applied in strength and conditioning program by giving external resistance to the targeted muscles in the direction which is opposite the muscle pull. According to,3 eccentric exercises improve maximal and explosive muscle strength, shift the optimal muscle length, improve muscle coordination and induce muscular adaptations. There are few different training modalities derived from eccentric exercises such as “pure eccentric” and “coupled eccentric‒concentric” manner. Accentuated eccentric loading (AEL) is one of the extended concepts from eccentric exercises. Accentuated eccentric loading is a training method in which greater load is applied during eccentric phase in comparison to concentric phase of a coupled eccentric‒concentric action. The aim of this study was to evaluate the training effects of accentuated eccentric load countermovement jump on horizontal jump distance and maximum muscle strength of lower extremity among young adults. According to,4 AEL was described as magnitude of eccentric load is higher than that of concentric load while maintaining the natural mechanism of movements involving concentric and eccentric action. It means that an additional load is applied during eccentric phase in comparison to concentric phase of a movement. It is hypothesized that a greater concentric force will be developed through higher loading in eccentric action. It is believed that AEL involving coupled concentric and overloaded eccentric muscle actions could optimize the effects of stretch‒shortening cycle (SSC). An additional mechanical stimulus was given during eccentric phase in order to produce greater force and power output during concentric phase in SSC activities. AEL augments the negative work of eccentric phase, thereby increasing the positive work of concentric phase to overcome the negative work. Countermovement is described as a movement in a direction opposite to the goal direction. Some tasks such as throwing and jumping start with countermovement in order to improve performance. Countermovement is commonly observed in actions involving SSC. The pre‒stretch in countermovement leads to higher speed and greater force production in athletic performance. The spring‒like mechanis
{"title":"Accentuated eccentric training: effects on horizontal jump distance and muscle strength among young adults","authors":"N. A. Majeedkutty","doi":"10.15406/MOJYPT.2018.03.00045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJYPT.2018.03.00045","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient and effective training methods are continually sought after by physiotherapists, coaches, and athletes to enhance sports performance,1 Resisted movement training is used in athletic conditioning to enhance power and athletic performance by executing a movement important to sport with added resistance that is not excessive and does not adversely affect the movement pattern. Traditional weight training exercises performed slowly with heavy resistance are well suited to enhance strength but may not be optimal for power development requiring higher velocity because there are considerable portions of deceleration during the motion, whereas resisted movement training can allow for acceleration throughout the range of motion.2 Eccentric exercises are frequently applied in strength and conditioning program by giving external resistance to the targeted muscles in the direction which is opposite the muscle pull. According to,3 eccentric exercises improve maximal and explosive muscle strength, shift the optimal muscle length, improve muscle coordination and induce muscular adaptations. There are few different training modalities derived from eccentric exercises such as “pure eccentric” and “coupled eccentric‒concentric” manner. Accentuated eccentric loading (AEL) is one of the extended concepts from eccentric exercises. Accentuated eccentric loading is a training method in which greater load is applied during eccentric phase in comparison to concentric phase of a coupled eccentric‒concentric action. The aim of this study was to evaluate the training effects of accentuated eccentric load countermovement jump on horizontal jump distance and maximum muscle strength of lower extremity among young adults. According to,4 AEL was described as magnitude of eccentric load is higher than that of concentric load while maintaining the natural mechanism of movements involving concentric and eccentric action. It means that an additional load is applied during eccentric phase in comparison to concentric phase of a movement. It is hypothesized that a greater concentric force will be developed through higher loading in eccentric action. It is believed that AEL involving coupled concentric and overloaded eccentric muscle actions could optimize the effects of stretch‒shortening cycle (SSC). An additional mechanical stimulus was given during eccentric phase in order to produce greater force and power output during concentric phase in SSC activities. AEL augments the negative work of eccentric phase, thereby increasing the positive work of concentric phase to overcome the negative work. Countermovement is described as a movement in a direction opposite to the goal direction. Some tasks such as throwing and jumping start with countermovement in order to improve performance. Countermovement is commonly observed in actions involving SSC. The pre‒stretch in countermovement leads to higher speed and greater force production in athletic performance. The spring‒like mechanis","PeriodicalId":182785,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Yoga & Physical Therapy","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130348999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
“Text neck” is the term used to describe the neck pain and possible damage sustained from constantly looking down at a mobile phone, tablet, or other wireless devices for an extended period of time. As a result of this uncomfortable position of the head, shoulder and neck muscles have to deal with that increased weight burden. The known long-term consequences may include neck discomfort, neck pain, stiffness, and headaches, which may get worse over time. Many people may use smartphones with the head shifted forward and the smart phone placed near the waist or lap while in a sitting position. This flexed neck posture can increase the moment of the cervical spine and induce muscle strain in adjacent portions of the cervical spine It is especially concerning because young, growing children could possibly cause permanent damage to their cervical spines that could lead to lifelong neck pain. Exercise and stretching can play a big part in preventing and relieving text neck.
{"title":"Text neck: a global epidemic of the modern era","authors":"N. A. Majeed Kutty","doi":"10.15406/mojypt.2019.04.00060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojypt.2019.04.00060","url":null,"abstract":"“Text neck” is the term used to describe the neck pain and possible damage sustained from constantly looking down at a mobile phone, tablet, or other wireless devices for an extended period of time. As a result of this uncomfortable position of the head, shoulder and neck muscles have to deal with that increased weight burden. The known long-term consequences may include neck discomfort, neck pain, stiffness, and headaches, which may get worse over time. Many people may use smartphones with the head shifted forward and the smart phone placed near the waist or lap while in a sitting position. This flexed neck posture can increase the moment of the cervical spine and induce muscle strain in adjacent portions of the cervical spine It is especially concerning because young, growing children could possibly cause permanent damage to their cervical spines that could lead to lifelong neck pain. Exercise and stretching can play a big part in preventing and relieving text neck.","PeriodicalId":182785,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Yoga & Physical Therapy","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116275170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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