This study compares the Canadian and US health care systems on the provision of Pap smears for women. Probit estimates show that American women are more likely to receive the screening. A question arises as to whether differences in the estimated probability of the Pap smear are the result of differences in the demographics between Canadian and American women or differences in the estimated coefficients. A Blinder/Oaxaca type decomposition yields estimates of the influence of each. The decomposition shows that the differences between the Canadian and US women mostly occur because of differences in coefficients and not the distributions. One coefficient driving this difference is age. Older Canadian women have a lower average predicted probability of a Pap smear.
{"title":"A Comparison of Health Care in Canada and the US - The Case of Pap Smears","authors":"S. Gohmann","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1259875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1259875","url":null,"abstract":"This study compares the Canadian and US health care systems on the provision of Pap smears for women. Probit estimates show that American women are more likely to receive the screening. A question arises as to whether differences in the estimated probability of the Pap smear are the result of differences in the demographics between Canadian and American women or differences in the estimated coefficients. A Blinder/Oaxaca type decomposition yields estimates of the influence of each. The decomposition shows that the differences between the Canadian and US women mostly occur because of differences in coefficients and not the distributions. One coefficient driving this difference is age. Older Canadian women have a lower average predicted probability of a Pap smear.","PeriodicalId":184173,"journal":{"name":"University of Louisville College of Business Research Paper Series","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131861932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although targeted price promotions are becoming increasingly common in the marketplace, relatively little is known about how deal recipients respond to customized pricing offers. The authors investigate the role of a sales promotion characteristic that has received little attention in the literature - deal exclusivity - by examining whether the responsiveness of deal recipients to a targeted price discount are influenced by the number of other consumers receiving the offer. In addition to conceptualizing the effects of deal exclusivity on consumer response to targeted price promotions, results from several studies empirically demonstrate that exclusive deals may be viewed more, equally, or less favorably than inclusive offers depending on the size of the price discount, how strongly recipients identify with the deal target group, and the recipient's gender. Evidence is also provided indicating that deal exclusivity effects are mediated by the ability of the promotional offer to allow consumers to engage in self-enhancement processes. Implications for promotions theory and practice are presented, as are future research directions.
{"title":"The Influence of Deal Exclusivity on Consumer Response to Targeted Price Promotions","authors":"M. Barone, Tirthankar Roy","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1139668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1139668","url":null,"abstract":"Although targeted price promotions are becoming increasingly common in the marketplace, relatively little is known about how deal recipients respond to customized pricing offers. The authors investigate the role of a sales promotion characteristic that has received little attention in the literature - deal exclusivity - by examining whether the responsiveness of deal recipients to a targeted price discount are influenced by the number of other consumers receiving the offer. In addition to conceptualizing the effects of deal exclusivity on consumer response to targeted price promotions, results from several studies empirically demonstrate that exclusive deals may be viewed more, equally, or less favorably than inclusive offers depending on the size of the price discount, how strongly recipients identify with the deal target group, and the recipient's gender. Evidence is also provided indicating that deal exclusivity effects are mediated by the ability of the promotional offer to allow consumers to engage in self-enhancement processes. Implications for promotions theory and practice are presented, as are future research directions.","PeriodicalId":184173,"journal":{"name":"University of Louisville College of Business Research Paper Series","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127675071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper uses a two-year panel dataset on hospitals from the American Hospital Association (AHA) to evaluate the effect a policy change has on the marginal product of medical residents. A weighted 2SLS approach is used to estimate a semi-parametric production function. A policy restricting medical residents to work no more than 80 hours a week is found to result in a net loss of 14 inpatient days per resident annually, which is not statistically different from zero. In addition, the model presented in this paper performs better than past models when estimating first-order effects of inputs in the hospital production function.
{"title":"Evaluating the Effect of Medical Resident Work-Hour Reform on Hospital Productivity: 80 Hours Work Restriction on Medical Residents","authors":"Jose M. Fernandez","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1128413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1128413","url":null,"abstract":"This paper uses a two-year panel dataset on hospitals from the American Hospital Association (AHA) to evaluate the effect a policy change has on the marginal product of medical residents. A weighted 2SLS approach is used to estimate a semi-parametric production function. A policy restricting medical residents to work no more than 80 hours a week is found to result in a net loss of 14 inpatient days per resident annually, which is not statistically different from zero. In addition, the model presented in this paper performs better than past models when estimating first-order effects of inputs in the hospital production function.","PeriodicalId":184173,"journal":{"name":"University of Louisville College of Business Research Paper Series","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128463681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Price discrimination practiced by using linear and nonlinear pricing simultaneously raises the average price for heterogenous consumers paying linear price but lowers for homogeneous group who pay nonlinear price. Discrimination lowers consumer surplus for both groups but increases total surplus.
{"title":"Price Discrimination Using Linear and Nonlinear Pricing Simultaneously","authors":"Babu Nahata, Staffan Ringbom","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.909279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.909279","url":null,"abstract":"Price discrimination practiced by using linear and nonlinear pricing simultaneously raises the average price for heterogenous consumers paying linear price but lowers for homogeneous group who pay nonlinear price. Discrimination lowers consumer surplus for both groups but increases total surplus.","PeriodicalId":184173,"journal":{"name":"University of Louisville College of Business Research Paper Series","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133602066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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