Pub Date : 2021-10-14DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197601860.003.0001
Mukulika Banerjee
Chapter 1 examines the significance of India’s constitution as both a democracy and a republic and the force of B. R. Ambedkar’s ideas on the necessity for “democracy in social life” alongside the institutions of formal democracy. It is the first study that draws attention to India’s credentials as a republic as a way of understanding its democracy. The chapter introduces the site of this study and the linkages between agrarian and democratic values. Methodologically, it shows the importance of using the approaches of the Manchester School in India (hitherto unexplored) and the value this adds to our definition of what constitutes “the political.” Here, “the political” contains both agonistic and competitive tendencies on the one hand, but also reparative and cooperative impulsions. The methodology of this book, of studying electoral and non-electoral social life alongside each other, and the four key “events” of the book are also explained.
第一章考察了印度作为民主国家和共和国的宪法的意义，以及B. R. Ambedkar关于“社会生活中的民主”与正式民主制度的必要性的思想的力量。这是第一个将人们的注意力吸引到印度作为一个共和国的资格上来理解其民主的研究。本章介绍了本研究的地点以及农业与民主价值之间的联系。在方法论上，它显示了在印度使用曼彻斯特学派方法(迄今未被探索)的重要性，以及它为我们对什么构成“政治”的定义所增加的价值。在这里，“政治”一方面包含了对抗和竞争的倾向，但也包含了修复和合作的冲动。本书研究选举和非选举社会生活的方法，以及书中的四个关键“事件”也进行了解释。
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Pub Date : 2021-10-14DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197601860.003.0002
Mukulika Banerjee
Chapter 2 provides a detailed account of the three key stories of change that form the backdrop to this study—in paddy cultivation, electoral politics, and the practice of Islam. The two villages of Madanpur and Chishti (pseudonyms) are described. The changing dynamics of paddy cultivation and the challenges of the Green Revolution are introduced, as are the basic programs of land reform undertaken by communist governments. The story of huge electoral change from near-complete dominance of the communist parties of the Left Front from 1977 to their rout by Trinamool Congress in 2013 thirty four years later is outlined. The particular story of Islam, the origin of the elite Syeds from an Iranian ancestor, and present-day dynamics with reformist Islam are presented. Charles Taylor’s idea of “social imaginaries”—a key concept in the book—is discussed here.
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