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Influence of soil nutrients on reproduction and pathogenicity of Rotylenchulus reniformis on cotton 土壤养分对糠轮虫在棉花上繁殖及致病性的影响
IF 0.5 4区 生物学 Q4 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2014-06-01 DOI: 10.31390/gradschool_theses.3340
M. T. Kularathna, C. Overstreet, E. Mcgawley, D. Xavier, C. M. Martín
Greenhouse  and  field  studies  were  conducted  to  evaluate  the  effect  of  soil  nutrients  on  reniform nematode ( Rotylenchulus reniformis ) reproduction and pathogenicity on cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum ). Initial greenhouse studies examined phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) at very low (10 or 44 mg kg-1) and high (50 or 123 mg kg-1) levels, respectively. Phosphorus produced significant increases in plant height and shoot and root dry weights as well as significant reductions in numbers of nematodes in soil and eggs from roots. Subsequent greenhouse studies evaluated increasing levels of P (10, 20, 35, 60, and 73 mg kg-1), K (44, 70, 106, 123, and 153 mg kg-1), and sulfur (S) at 3, 12, 20, 40, and 50 mg kg-1on cotton growth and nematode reproduction. Phosphorus significantly increased plant height at 15 and 30 d and shoot and root weights at 60 d. Potassium and S had no effect on plant growth with the exception of the highest level of S, which significantly reduced plant height and shoot dry weights. Overall, as P level increased, reproduction of the reniform nematode decreased. Potassium and S, irrespective of level, had no effect on densities of eggs or soil stages of the nematode. Field trials with cotton included combinations of P at 44.8 or 112 kg ha-1and S at 5.6 or 22.4 kg ha-1with or without 1, 3-dichloropropene at 28.1 L ha-1. Nematicide application significantly reduced nematode population density at mid-season and harvest in 2011 and at planting in 2012. In both 2011 and 2012, management of soil nutrients did not significantly influence nematode reproduction. In both years, seed cotton yield was significantly increased with nematicide, but not with supplemental nutrients.
通过温室和田间试验,评价了土壤养分对肾形线虫(Rotylenchulus reniformis)繁殖和对棉花(Gossypium hirsutum)致病性的影响。最初的温室研究分别检测了极低(10或44 mg kg-1)和高(50或123 mg kg-1)水平的磷(P)和钾(K)。施磷显著增加了植株的株高、茎和根的干重,显著减少了土壤中的线虫和根卵的数量。随后的温室研究评估了磷(10、20、35、60和73 mg kg-1)、钾(44、70、106、123和153 mg kg-1)和硫(S)在3、12、20、40和50 mg kg-1水平下对棉花生长和线虫繁殖的影响。磷处理显著提高了15和30 d的株高,显著提高了60 d的茎重和根重。除最高水平的S显著降低了株高和茎干重外,钾和S对植株生长无影响。总体而言,随着磷水平的增加,肾形线虫的繁殖减少。钾和S在不同水平下对线虫卵密度和土壤阶段没有影响。棉花田间试验包括施磷量为44.8或112 kg hm -1,施磷量为5.6或22.4 kg hm -1,加或不加1,3 -二氯丙烯量为28.1 L hm -1。施用杀线虫剂可显著降低2011年季中、收获期和2012年播种期的线虫种群密度。在2011年和2012年,土壤养分管理对线虫繁殖没有显著影响。在这两年中,施用杀线虫剂显著提高了棉籽棉产量,而施用补养剂则没有显著提高。
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引用次数: 5
DISTRIBUTION AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF ROOT LESION NEMATODES IN TEMPERATE FRUIT ORCHARDS OF TURKEY 土耳其温带果园根损线虫的分布及分子鉴定
IF 0.5 4区 生物学 Q4 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2011-06-01 DOI: 10.5072/ZENODO.31846
M. Sogut, Z. Devran
Sogut, M.A. and Devran, Z., 2011. Distribution and Molecular Identification of Root Lesion Nematodes in Temperate Fruit Orchards of Turkey. Nematropica 41:91-99. Root lesion nematodes are important migratory endoparasitic nematodes attacking temperate fruits in the West Mediterranean region of Turkey. A rapid and accurate method to identify Pratylenchus to the species level is necessary to develop management strategies. Seventy-eight populations of the root lesion nematode were collected from the temperate fruit production region in Turkey, including fruit orchards in Isparta and Antalya provinces. Species-specific primers and rDNA primers were used to identify Pratylenchus spp. Distribution ratios of the sampled root lesion nematode populations were 50%, 45%, 2.5% and 2.5% for P. thornei, P. neglectus, P. penetrans, and P. crenatus, respectively. The present study indicated that P. thornei and P. neglectus were widespread on temperate fruits in the West Mediterranean region of Turkey. Sogut, M.A. and Devran, Z., 2011. Distribucion e Identificacion Molecular de Pratylenchus en frutales de Turquia. Nematropica 41:91-99. Los nematodos lesionadores son endoparasitos migratorios de importancia que atacan los frutales de clima templado en la region Mediterranea Occidental de Turquia. Se requiere un metodo confiable y rapido para identificar las species de Pratylenchus que permita desarrollar estrategias de manejo. Se colectaron 78 poblaciones de Pratylenchus de la region productora de frutas en Turquia, incluyendo muestras de frutales en las provincias de Isparta y Antalya. Se utilizaron cebadores especificos de especie y las regiones de rDNA para identificar las species de Pratylenchus. La distribucion de frecuencia de especies hallada en las poblaciones fue de 50%, 45%, 2.5% y 2.5% para P. thornei, P. neglectus, P. penetrans y P. crenatus, respectivamente. Este estudio indica que P. thornei y P. neglectus se encuentran ampliamente distribuidas en frutales de clima templado en la region Mediterranea Occidental de Turquia.
Sogut, M.A.和Devran, Z., 2011。土耳其温带果园根损线虫的分布及分子鉴定。Nematropica 41:91 - 99。根损线虫是侵袭土耳其西地中海地区温带水果的重要迁移性内寄生线虫。建立一种快速、准确的鉴定方法,对制定管理策略具有重要意义。在土耳其温带水果生产区(包括伊斯帕塔省和安塔利亚省的果园)收集了78个根病线虫种群。采用物种特异性引物和rDNA引物对粗齿叶根线虫进行鉴定,粗齿叶根线虫种群分布比例分别为50%、45%、2.5%和2.5%,粗齿叶根线虫种群分布比例分别为忽略叶根线虫、刺叶根线虫、穿透叶根线虫和crenatus。本研究表明,在土耳其西地中海地区的温带水果中,荆棘假单胞菌和忽略假单胞菌广泛存在。Sogut, M.A.和Devran, Z., 2011。土耳其松鸡的分布与鉴定。Nematropica 41:91 - 99。在地中海和土耳其西部地区,内寄生线虫的迁徙具有重要意义。因此,我们需要一种方法,可以通过快速、准同源的方法来确定野鸡的种类。收集了土耳其地区水果生产者的78个问题,包括安塔利亚省和伊斯帕塔省的水果生产者。在不同的地区,有不同种类的准同一种的扇叶蚊。三种植物的频率分布分别为50%、45%、2.5%和2.5%,分别为山核桃、山核桃、山核桃和山核桃。Este estudio indicque P. thornei和P.忽略,在地中海和土耳其西部地区的气候模板中,研究了植物的生长和分布。
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引用次数: 15
The influence of morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa), hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata), and johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) on reproduction of Rotylenchulus reniformis on cotton Gossypium hirsutum L. and soybean Glycine max. (L.) merrill 研究了牵牛花(Ipomoea lacunosa)、大田麻(sesbania exaltata)和强johngrass (Sorghum halepense)对棉花、棉花和大豆上小轮虫繁殖的影响。美林(l)
IF 0.5 4区 生物学 Q4 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.3583
M. Pontif, E. Mcgawley
Pontif, M. J. and E. C. McGawley. 2007. The Influence of Morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa), Hemp Sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) and Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) on Reproduction of Rotylenchulus reniformis on Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and Soybean (Glycine max). Nematropica 37: 295-305. Reniform nematodes that parasitize cotton and soybean can also reproduce on a wide spectrum of weed species, thereby maintaining nematode populations during the off-season. Microplot studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of three endemic weed species, morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa), hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata), and johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), on reproduction of the reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis on cotton (LA. 887) and soybean (Pioneer 96B21). Over two years of microplot trials, the co-culture of cotton with any of the three weed species suppressed numbers of reniform nematode juveniles in soil significantly. When grown singly, reproductive values of R. reniformis after 60 days on cotton averaged 69.0, while those for morningglory, hemp sesbania, and johnsongrass averaged 42.0, 23.5, and 18.0, respectively. Reproductive values on cotton co-cultured with morningglory averaged 38.5. Those for the cotton-hemp sesbania and cotton-johnsongrass combinations averaged 23.5 and 26.0, respectively. Nematode reproduction on soybean alone, and co-cultured with each of the three weeds, reduced reproduction of reniform nematode only in the presence of johnsongrass in two trials. Data from two subsequent 45-day duration greenhouse experiments conducted with cotton and leachates from each of the three weed species support the hypothesis that suppression of reniform nematode reproduction likely resulted from the secretion of allelopathic compounds by weed roots.
M. J. Pontif和E. C. McGawley。2007. Morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa)、Sesbania exaltata (Sesbania exaltata)和Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense)对棉花(Gossypium hirsutum)和大豆(Glycine max)上小轮虫繁殖的影响。线虫病杂志37:295-305。寄生在棉花和大豆上的肾形线虫也可以在各种杂草上繁殖,从而在淡季维持线虫种群。采用小样研究方法,评价了3种特有杂草——牵牛花(Ipomoea lacunosa)、大田麻(sesbania exaltata)和强johngrass (Sorghum halepense)对棉花肾形线虫(Rotylenchulus reniformis)繁殖的影响。887)和大豆(先锋96B21)。在两年的小田试验中,棉花与三种杂草中的任何一种共培养都能显著抑制土壤中肾形线虫幼虫的数量。单独生长时,60 d后,金丝桃在棉花上的平均繁殖值为69.0,在牵牛花、田麻和强johngrass上的平均繁殖值分别为42.0、23.5和18.0。与晨光共栽棉花的繁殖值平均为38.5。棉-麻田葵和棉-强生草组合的平均值分别为23.5和26.0。线虫在大豆上的繁殖,以及与三种杂草中的每一种共培养,在两个试验中,仅在约翰逊草存在的情况下,肾形线虫的繁殖减少。随后用棉花和三种杂草的渗滤液进行的为期45天的温室实验的数据支持了一种假设,即杂草根系分泌化感物质可能抑制肾形线虫的繁殖。
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引用次数: 4
SCREENING FOR ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE RESPONSE IN SOMACLONAL VARIANTS OF SOLANUM QUITOENSE LAM. 龙葵体细胞无性系变异根结线虫反应的筛选。
IF 0.5 4区 生物学 Q4 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 1996-08-01 DOI: 10.21273/HORTSCI.31.4.632A
L. Santamaría, R. Mulrooney, S. Kitto
Solanum quitoense, a perennial herbaceous plant native to the tropical regions of Ecuador and Colombia, is susceptible to root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood. The objectives of this study were to develop protocols for screening regenerants of S. quitoense for response to root-knot nematode. Internodal stem segments cultured on MS medium supplemented with BA (4.4 to 44 µ M) were the most regenerative explants. Growth regulators were not required to proliferate, root and reestablish S. quitoense. Sterile cultures of M.incognita were initiated and maintained on S. quitoense root cultures. Root-knot nematode response for the regenerants was evaluated by screening greenhouse- and in vitro-rooted microcuttings. Screening in the greenhouse of 248 regenerants of S. quitoense 'Dulce' inoculated with 1,000 eggs of M. incognita resulted in 21 regenerants having five or fewer galls. Further screening of these 21 regenerants in the greenhouse determined that nine had greater fresh weights and one regenerant produced more eggs per plant when compared to the susceptible control. Reproductive factor (Rf) values and Host Resistance Classification (HRC) percentages suggest that five regenerants had reduced nematode reproduction.
龙葵是一种多年生草本植物,原产于厄瓜多尔和哥伦比亚的热带地区,对根结线虫melidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood易感。本研究的目的是建立对根结线虫有反应的金黄色葡萄球菌再生体的筛选方案。在添加BA(4.4 ~ 44µM)的MS培养基上培养的节间茎段再生能力最强。生长调节剂不需要增殖,生根和重建金黄色葡萄。在金黄色葡萄的根培养物上启动并维持了无性葡萄的无菌培养。通过筛选温室和离体生根微插枝,评价了再生剂对根结线虫的反应。在温室中对248个再生体进行筛选,结果显示21个再生体的瘿数不超过5个。在温室中进一步筛选这21种再生剂,确定与敏感对照相比,9种再生剂的鲜重更大,1种再生剂的单株产蛋量更多。生殖因子(Rf)值和宿主抗性分类(HRC)百分比表明,5种再生剂降低了线虫的繁殖。
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引用次数: 1
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Nematropica
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