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A History of the Ozarks, Volume 1最新文献

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Markets, Merchants, and Manufacturers 市场、商人和制造商
Pub Date : 2018-06-15 DOI: 10.5622/ILLINOIS/9780252041914.003.0006
Brooks Blevins
Chapter 5 presents a side of the antebellum Ozark experience often overlooked in the popular imagination. Connecting the Ozarks to broader national markets were country mercantiles and small-town stores, lead and iron mines and furnaces, sawmills, grist mills, tanneries, and factories for the manufacture of tobacco products, whiskey, and other items. Providing transportation and shipping within the region were steamboats on the White, Gasconade, and other navigable streams, a growing network of roads crisscrossing the Ozarks, and at the very end of the antebellum era two railroad lines that snaked their way from St. Louis into the northern reaches of the region.
第五章呈现了南北战争前奥扎克经历的一面,这一面常常被大众的想象所忽视。连接欧扎克人与更广阔的全国市场的是乡村商人和小镇商店、铅铁矿和熔炉、锯木厂、谷物厂、制革厂以及制造烟草产品、威士忌和其他物品的工厂。怀特河、加斯科纳德河和其他可通航的河流上的汽船提供了该地区的交通和航运,奥扎克山脉上纵横交错的道路网络日益扩大,在南北战争结束前,两条铁路线从圣路易斯蜿蜒进入该地区的北部地区。
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引用次数: 0
American Society in the Old Ozarks 老奥扎克的美国社会
Pub Date : 2018-06-15 DOI: 10.5622/ILLINOIS/9780252041914.003.0007
Brooks Blevins
Chapter 6 takes an in-depth look at the society created by the antebellum pioneers of the Ozarks. This chapter discusses the development of the key denominations in the region’s formal religious establishment and efforts to establish public, private, and higher education institutions. In addition, Chapter 6 includes discussions of slavery, politics, and vigilante violence in the antebellum Ozarks, including the exploits of the so-called “Slicker War” that raged in parts of the region for several years. The fits and starts of society in the Ozarks reflected the struggles and challenges of an evolving American region.
第六章深入探讨了南北战争前奥扎克拓荒者所创造的社会。本章讨论了该地区正式宗教机构中主要教派的发展,以及建立公立、私立和高等教育机构的努力。此外,第六章还讨论了南北战争前奥扎克地区的奴隶制、政治和治安维持者暴力,包括在该地区部分地区肆虐数年的所谓“滑头战争”的事迹。奥扎克地区社会的起起伏伏反映了一个不断发展的美国地区的斗争和挑战。
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引用次数: 0
The Primitive Ozarks 原始欧扎克人
Pub Date : 2018-06-15 DOI: 10.5622/ILLINOIS/9780252041914.003.0002
Brooks Blevins
Chapter 1 briefly charts the prehistory of the Ozark uplift, including the natural history of the creation of the St. Francis Mountains at the core of the region and the severely eroded plateau that surrounds them. This chapter also charts the arrival of homo sapiens and their development through the various epochs identified by anthropologists. In spite of myths and exaggerations such as the Bluff Dwellers, the prehistoric peoples of the Ozarks tended to follow the broad contours of development noted elsewhere on the continent.
第一章简要地描绘了奥扎克隆起的史前史,包括该地区核心的圣弗朗西斯山脉的自然历史,以及围绕它们的严重侵蚀的高原。这一章也描绘了智人的到来和他们在人类学家所确定的不同时代的发展。尽管存在诸如“悬崖居民”之类的神话和夸张说法,但史前欧扎克人倾向于遵循该大陆其他地方所注意到的广泛发展轮廓。
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引用次数: 0
Natives and Newcomers 本地人和新来者
Pub Date : 2018-06-15 DOI: 10.5622/ILLINOIS/9780252041914.003.0003
Brooks Blevins
Chapter 2 follows the earliest history of human activity in the Ozark uplift, from the emergence of the Osages as the overlords of the region to the resettlement of the Cherokees and other “immigrant Indians” from east of the Mississippi and their eventual removal in the 1820s and 1830s. This chapter also explores the arrival of the first European settlers in the Mississippi Valley, the French, in the eighteenth century and the lead mining interests that brought them into the Ozarks, as well as the subsequent administrations of French and Spanish colonial officials. The chapter concludes with the arrival of Anglo-American settlers and their slaves, both before and after the Louisiana Purchase.
第二章讲述了奥扎克高地最早的人类活动历史,从奥塞奇人作为该地区统治者的出现,到切罗基人和其他来自密西西比河以东的“印第安移民”的重新安置,以及他们在19世纪20年代和30年代的最终迁移。本章还探讨了18世纪第一批欧洲殖民者法国人在密西西比河谷的到来,以及将他们带入奥扎克的铅开采利益,以及随后法国和西班牙殖民官员的管理。本章以英美殖民者和他们的奴隶在购买路易斯安那州前后的到来结束。
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引用次数: 0
Americanizing the Ozarks 使欧扎克人美国化
Pub Date : 2018-06-15 DOI: 10.5622/ILLINOIS/9780252041914.003.0004
Brooks Blevins
Chapter 3 charts the massive wave of Anglo-American settlement that populated the region between the War of 1812 and the Civil War. The majority of these settlers came from Appalachia and the greater Upland South – from places like East and Middle Tennessee, eastern Kentucky, and western and Piedmont North Carolina – and brought with them folkways that blended European customs and Native American practices. This chapter questions the popular notion of the Ozarks as a haven for the Scots-Irish and suggests instead the ethnic diversity that lay behind white settlement in the region. In addition, chapter 3 chronicles the views of early travelers in the Ozarks and the seeds of the backwoods image that would come to characterize the region.
第三章描绘了从1812年战争到南北战争期间大量的英美移民潮。这些移民大多来自阿巴拉契亚和更大的南部高地——来自田纳西州的东部和中部、肯塔基州东部、北卡罗来纳州的西部和皮埃蒙特——他们带来了融合了欧洲习俗和美洲原住民习俗的风俗习惯。这一章质疑了欧扎克人作为苏格兰-爱尔兰人的避风港的流行观念,并提出了该地区白人定居背后的种族多样性。此外,第三章记载了早期旅行者在奥扎克的看法,以及后来成为该地区特色的边远地区形象的种子。
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引用次数: 0
Domesticating the Ozarks 驯化欧扎克人
Pub Date : 2018-06-15 DOI: 10.5622/ILLINOIS/9780252041914.003.0005
Brooks Blevins
Chapter 4 analyzes the taming or domesticating of the wilderness Ozarks by Anglo-American pioneers in the decades before the Civil War. This chapter discusses the effects of human habitation on the environment and on the region’s wildlife. It also covers such topics as hunting and trapping, log construction and material culture, rural folkways and foodways. A particular focus of the chapter is the introduction of an “extensive” style of agriculture in the Ozarks, one characterized by the raising of hogs and cattle on the open range and the growing of small patches of corn. By the end of the antebellum period, all but the most rugged and inaccessible areas of the Ozarks had undergone some degree of domestication.
第四章分析了南北战争前几十年英美拓荒者对荒野欧扎克人的驯化。本章讨论了人类居住对环境和该地区野生动物的影响。它还涵盖了狩猎和诱捕、原木建筑和物质文化、农村民俗和饮食方式等主题。这一章的重点是介绍奥扎克地区的一种“粗放型”农业,其特点是在开阔的牧场上饲养猪和牛,种植小块的玉米。到南北战争结束时,除了最崎岖不平和人迹罕至的地区外,欧扎克地区的所有地区都经历了某种程度的驯化。
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引用次数: 0
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A History of the Ozarks, Volume 1
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