Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.21303/2461-4262.2020.001513
O. Krivenko, P. Kulikov, A. Zaprivoda, V. Zaprivoda
The aim of research is to simulate the zones of solar radiation on the curved surfaces of the shells of high-rise buildings for the effective use of renewable solar energy. An urgent task is the development of tools that can substantiate the decision-making by designers about the location of solar thermal devices in the energy-efficient design of curvilinear high-rise buildings. The main attention is paid to high-rise buildings, is actively growing in modern megalopolises and requires a significant energy resource. To optimize the integration of solar thermal devices in high-rise buildings, it is important to take into account a set of design parameters, including parameters of surface shape and location in space. A feature of curved surfaces, considered in the study, is their aerodynamic properties, which provide them with the advantage of choosing among modern high-rise buildings. At the same time, the complexity of setting the parameters of a curved surface to determine the zones of solar radiation for the effective use of regenerative solar energy lies in providing reliable and convenient tools for optimizing decision-making. The study proposes an application of the method based on a discrete geometric model of solar radiation input on the surface of the shells of high-rise buildings, described by compartments of curved geometric surfaces. As a result of modeling, let’s obtain a family of lines of the same level of solar radiation on a certain curved surface for the given parameters of time and geographic location. As an example of simulation modeling, the performed calculations of the instantaneous model of the distribution of solar radiation on the compartments of the curved surfaces of an ellipsoid of revolution, hemisphere, hyperbolic paraboloid. On the basis of the proposed model for the distribution of solar radiation over curvilinear surfaces of buildings, the influence of factors arising in the design process is investigated: changes in the geometric parameters of the surface shape, orientation to the cardinal points, the formation of zones of its own shadow on surfaces. Calculations were performed and instantaneous solar radiation zones were constructed on the surfaces of a hemisphere, a hyperbolic paraboloid with various geometric parameters, taking into account different orientations relative to the cardinal points, and determining the zones of its own shadow. At this stage of the study, the result is an algorithm for constructing zones of different levels of solar radiation on curved surfaces of high-rise buildings. The advantage of the algorithm is the ability to analyze the results of changes in the design parameters of the surface of a high-rise building when placing solar systems on them. The proposed approach will provide a basis for automating the modeling process, will help expand the scope of solar systems in high-rise construction and increase the efficiency of their work
{"title":"Calculation of the Instant Model of Solar Radiation Distribution on Curved Surfaces in High-Rise Buildings","authors":"O. Krivenko, P. Kulikov, A. Zaprivoda, V. Zaprivoda","doi":"10.21303/2461-4262.2020.001513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2020.001513","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of research is to simulate the zones of solar radiation on the curved surfaces of the shells of high-rise buildings for the effective use of renewable solar energy. An urgent task is the development of tools that can substantiate the decision-making by designers about the location of solar thermal devices in the energy-efficient design of curvilinear high-rise buildings. The main attention is paid to high-rise buildings, is actively growing in modern megalopolises and requires a significant energy resource. To optimize the integration of solar thermal devices in high-rise buildings, it is important to take into account a set of design parameters, including parameters of surface shape and location in space. A feature of curved surfaces, considered in the study, is their aerodynamic properties, which provide them with the advantage of choosing among modern high-rise buildings. At the same time, the complexity of setting the parameters of a curved surface to determine the zones of solar radiation for the effective use of regenerative solar energy lies in providing reliable and convenient tools for optimizing decision-making. \u0000The study proposes an application of the method based on a discrete geometric model of solar radiation input on the surface of the shells of high-rise buildings, described by compartments of curved geometric surfaces. As a result of modeling, let’s obtain a family of lines of the same level of solar radiation on a certain curved surface for the given parameters of time and geographic location. As an example of simulation modeling, the performed calculations of the instantaneous model of the distribution of solar radiation on the compartments of the curved surfaces of an ellipsoid of revolution, hemisphere, hyperbolic paraboloid. On the basis of the proposed model for the distribution of solar radiation over curvilinear surfaces of buildings, the influence of factors arising in the design process is investigated: changes in the geometric parameters of the surface shape, orientation to the cardinal points, the formation of zones of its own shadow on surfaces. Calculations were performed and instantaneous solar radiation zones were constructed on the surfaces of a hemisphere, a hyperbolic paraboloid with various geometric parameters, taking into account different orientations relative to the cardinal points, and determining the zones of its own shadow. \u0000At this stage of the study, the result is an algorithm for constructing zones of different levels of solar radiation on curved surfaces of high-rise buildings. The advantage of the algorithm is the ability to analyze the results of changes in the design parameters of the surface of a high-rise building when placing solar systems on them. The proposed approach will provide a basis for automating the modeling process, will help expand the scope of solar systems in high-rise construction and increase the efficiency of their work","PeriodicalId":201887,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Sciences eJournal","volume":"215 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115978659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Can green growth policies help protect the environment while keeping the industry growing and infrastructure expanding? The City of Kitakyushu, Japan, has actively implemented eco-friendly policies since 1967 and recently inspired the pursuit of sustainable development around the world, especially in the Global South region. However, empirical studies on the effects of green growth policies are still lacking. This study explores the relationship between road infrastructure development and average industrial firm size with air pollution in the city through the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Non-linear Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) methods were applied on nearly 50-years’ time series data, from 1967 to 2015. The results show that the shape of the EKC of industrial growth, measured by average firm size, depends on the type of air pollution: inverted N-shaped relationships with NO2 and CO, and the U-shaped relationships with falling dust particle and Ox. Regarding infrastructure development, on the one hand, our analysis shows a positive effect of road construction on alleviating the amount of falling dust and CO concentration. On the other hand, the emissions of NO2 and Ox are shown to rise when plotted against road construction. The decline of CO emission, when plotted against both industrial growth and road development, indicates that the ruthlessness of the local government in pursuing green growth policies is effective in this case. However, the story is not straightforward when it comes to other air pollutants, which hint at limits in the current policies. The case of Kitakyushu illustrates the complex dynamics of the interaction among policy, industry, infrastructure, and air pollution. It can serve as an important reference point for other cities in the Global South when policies are formed, and progress is measured in the pursuit of a green economy. Finally, as an OECD SDGs pilot city and the leading Asian green-growth city, policymakers in Kitakyushu city are recommended to revise the data policy to enhance the findability and interoperability of data as well as to invest in the application of big data.
{"title":"Exploring Environmental Kuznets Curves of Kitakyushu: 50-Year Time-Series Data of the OECD SDGs Pilot City","authors":"Q. Vuong, T. Ho, H. Nguyen, N. M. Hoang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3495586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3495586","url":null,"abstract":"Can green growth policies help protect the environment while keeping the industry growing and infrastructure expanding? The City of Kitakyushu, Japan, has actively implemented eco-friendly policies since 1967 and recently inspired the pursuit of sustainable development around the world, especially in the Global South region. However, empirical studies on the effects of green growth policies are still lacking. This study explores the relationship between road infrastructure development and average industrial firm size with air pollution in the city through the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Non-linear Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) methods were applied on nearly 50-years’ time series data, from 1967 to 2015. The results show that the shape of the EKC of industrial growth, measured by average firm size, depends on the type of air pollution: inverted N-shaped relationships with NO2 and CO, and the U-shaped relationships with falling dust particle and Ox. Regarding infrastructure development, on the one hand, our analysis shows a positive effect of road construction on alleviating the amount of falling dust and CO concentration. On the other hand, the emissions of NO2 and Ox are shown to rise when plotted against road construction. The decline of CO emission, when plotted against both industrial growth and road development, indicates that the ruthlessness of the local government in pursuing green growth policies is effective in this case. However, the story is not straightforward when it comes to other air pollutants, which hint at limits in the current policies. The case of Kitakyushu illustrates the complex dynamics of the interaction among policy, industry, infrastructure, and air pollution. It can serve as an important reference point for other cities in the Global South when policies are formed, and progress is measured in the pursuit of a green economy. Finally, as an OECD SDGs pilot city and the leading Asian green-growth city, policymakers in Kitakyushu city are recommended to revise the data policy to enhance the findability and interoperability of data as well as to invest in the application of big data.","PeriodicalId":201887,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Sciences eJournal","volume":"3 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132939700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Efficient productivity of labour in construction industry can play a vital role in increasing the benefits to the stakeholders and contactors. Greater efficiency helps achieve high cost savings with minimal investment. By the fact of having smaller profit margins on construction projects, cost savings associated with productivity are important in becoming a successful contractor. Productivity is measured as total output per worker or total output per labour-hour. Productivity increases when output is constant and input is reduced or input is constant and quantity or quality of output has been increased. Major setback in improving labour productivity is measuring labour productivity. Therefore main objective of this study is, assigning a weight of importance to each of the factors affecting productivity. A list of the factors affecting productivity is compiled and final top twelve factors are considered for the questionnaire survey. A survey consisting of the twelve factors and explanation of each was sent to contractors in Pune region which consist of industries that have boom in construction. In which they were asked to apply a weight to each of the factors totalling 100% delphi method is used to analyze those results. These weights will be used in a study which will help to create a tool for contractor’s to improve the productivity of their projects in the preplanning stage and plan improvements in the most affecting areas. This productivity tool will be created by breaking down each factor and making them into a list of activities. The project manager will then assign a value to each of the activity representing their performance on their current project in achieving that particular activity. The total of each factor is then multiplied by its respective weight. Finally the outcome of the tool will give a breakdown of areas for improvement along with values that allow for project managers to focus on the most affecting areas resulting in the improvement of productivity.
{"title":"Impact of Various Aspects on Efficiency of Labour Productivity in Building Construction Project","authors":"Mohammad Zaid Ali","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3375933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3375933","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient productivity of labour in construction industry can play a vital role in increasing the benefits to the stakeholders and contactors. Greater efficiency helps achieve high cost savings with minimal investment. By the fact of having smaller profit margins on construction projects, cost savings associated with productivity are important in becoming a successful contractor. Productivity is measured as total output per worker or total output per labour-hour. Productivity increases when output is constant and input is reduced or input is constant and quantity or quality of output has been increased. Major setback in improving labour productivity is measuring labour productivity. Therefore main objective of this study is, assigning a weight of importance to each of the factors affecting productivity. A list of the factors affecting productivity is compiled and final top twelve factors are considered for the questionnaire survey. A survey consisting of the twelve factors and explanation of each was sent to contractors in Pune region which consist of industries that have boom in construction. In which they were asked to apply a weight to each of the factors totalling 100% delphi method is used to analyze those results. These weights will be used in a study which will help to create a tool for contractor’s to improve the productivity of their projects in the preplanning stage and plan improvements in the most affecting areas. This productivity tool will be created by breaking down each factor and making them into a list of activities. The project manager will then assign a value to each of the activity representing their performance on their current project in achieving that particular activity. The total of each factor is then multiplied by its respective weight. Finally the outcome of the tool will give a breakdown of areas for improvement along with values that allow for project managers to focus on the most affecting areas resulting in the improvement of productivity.","PeriodicalId":201887,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Sciences eJournal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128399076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vivek Kumar, M. U. Rizvi, Anil Kumar Yadava A.K. Yadava
The objective of this study is to understand the importance of using RAP for the construction of bituminous pavements. From this study and from previous research papers it can be concluded that using RAP is advantageous as RAP mixes can yield results equal or even higher than virgin mixes. If calculated and implemented appropriately RAP mixes have a constructive effect on various parameters like Marshall Stability, moisture resistance and density. This paper presents the importance of using RAP mixes.
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) Aggregates in Rigid Pavement: A Review","authors":"Vivek Kumar, M. U. Rizvi, Anil Kumar Yadava A.K. Yadava","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3386968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3386968","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to understand the importance of using RAP for the construction of bituminous pavements. From this study and from previous research papers it can be concluded that using RAP is advantageous as RAP mixes can yield results equal or even higher than virgin mixes. If calculated and implemented appropriately RAP mixes have a constructive effect on various parameters like Marshall Stability, moisture resistance and density. This paper presents the importance of using RAP mixes.","PeriodicalId":201887,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Sciences eJournal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121861843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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