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Parents' Beliefs About Children最新文献

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Adolescence 青春期
Pub Date : 2019-11-21 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190874513.003.0008
Scott A Miller
This chapter completes the developmental span with a discussion of parents’ beliefs about adolescence. Parents’ knowledge of adolescence is the first topic addressed, with a special focus on parents’ knowledge of their adolescent’s activities. Parental knowledge is also a theme in the second section of the chapter, which discusses risky behaviors of various sorts (substance abuse, unprotected sex, delinquency). The third section of the chapter considers parent–child conflict, and the fourth discusses parents’ beliefs and practices with regard to the Internet. The chapter concludes with a discussion of three positive achievements of adolescence: romantic relationships, civic engagement, and ethnic identity.
本章通过讨论父母对青春期的看法来完成发展跨度。父母对青春期的了解是第一个主题,特别关注父母对青少年活动的了解。父母的知识也是本章第二部分的一个主题,讨论了各种各样的危险行为(药物滥用,无保护的性行为,犯罪)。本章的第三部分讨论了亲子冲突,第四部分讨论了父母对互联网的看法和做法。本章最后讨论了青少年的三个积极成就:恋爱关系、公民参与和种族认同。
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引用次数: 0
Infancy 婴儿期
Pub Date : 2019-11-21 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190874513.003.0005
Scott A Miller
This chapter is the first of four to address beliefs about particular parts of the developmental span. It begins with work on parents’ knowledge of infancy, both infancy in general (e.g., milestones of development) and their own infant in particular. The middle section of the chapter considers parental beliefs and related behaviors with respect to three infant behaviors that often pose challenges for parents: crying, sleeping, and eating. The chapter concludes with a discussion of two major outcomes of development that have their origins in infancy: attachment and temperament. Here, and in general, parents play two roles in the research literature: as informants of their children’s characteristics (i.e., parent-report measures) and as contributors, via their beliefs and behaviors, to these characteristics.
本章是四章中的第一章,讨论关于发展跨度的特定部分的信念。它从父母对婴儿期的认识开始,包括一般的婴儿期(例如,发展的里程碑)和他们自己的婴儿。本章的中间部分考虑了父母的信念和相关行为,这三种婴儿行为经常给父母带来挑战:哭泣、睡觉和吃饭。本章最后讨论了两个主要的发展结果,它们起源于婴儿期:依恋和气质。在这里,一般来说,父母在研究文献中扮演着两个角色:作为孩子特征(即父母报告措施)的信息提供者,以及通过他们的信仰和行为,作为这些特征的贡献者。
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引用次数: 0
Theories and Methods 理论与方法
Pub Date : 2019-11-21 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190874513.003.0002
Scott A Miller
This chapter provides a necessary prelude to the chapters to come through its discussion of the theories that guide research and the methods used to examine the questions of interest. Eight theories are presented, each of which is returned to at various places throughout the book. Two emphases emerge in the discussion of theories: the complementary nature of the eight theoretical positions and the reciprocal relation between theories and research. Just as theories guide and illuminate research, so the study of parents’ beliefs enriches each of the general theories that have directed such study. The overview of methods considers not only ways to study beliefs but also methods appropriate for the three other issues that recur throughout the book: origins of parents’ beliefs, relations between beliefs and parenting behavior, and relations between beliefs and children’s development. A special emphasis is on ways to establish causality in the interplay of parental beliefs and behaviors and child outcomes.
本章通过讨论指导研究的理论和用于检查感兴趣的问题的方法,为接下来的章节提供了必要的前奏。提出了八种理论,每一种理论在全书的不同地方都有所提及。在理论讨论中出现了两个重点:八种理论立场的互补性和理论与研究的相互关系。正如理论指导和阐明研究一样,对父母信念的研究丰富了指导这类研究的每一种一般理论。方法概述不仅考虑了研究信念的方法,还考虑了适用于全书中反复出现的其他三个问题的方法:父母信念的起源、信念与养育行为之间的关系、信念与儿童发展之间的关系。特别强调的是如何在父母的信念和行为与儿童结果的相互作用中建立因果关系。
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引用次数: 0
Parenting and Family 养育子女与家庭
Pub Date : 2019-11-21 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190874513.003.0004
Scott A Miller
The parental beliefs that affect children’s development are not limited to beliefs about children; they also include what parents believe about themselves as parents and what they believe about the family as a unit. The first half of this chapter addresses beliefs about parenting of several sorts: knowledge of parenting processes, feelings of self-efficacy as a parent, and attributions for parenting outcomes. Also discussed are effects of the transition to parenthood on how parents think. The second half of the chapter is directed to beliefs about the family. It begins with two topics that are often the source of parent–child conflicts: household responsibilities and decision-making and autonomy. The chapter concludes with beliefs about the value of children, including the beliefs of older parents whose children have grown.
影响儿童发展的父母信念并不局限于对儿童的信念;它们还包括父母对自己作为父母的看法,以及他们对家庭作为一个整体的看法。本章的前半部分讨论了几种关于养育子女的信念:养育过程的知识,作为父母的自我效能感,以及对养育子女结果的归因。还讨论了过渡到为人父母对父母如何思考的影响。这一章的后半部分是关于家庭的信仰。它从两个主题开始,这两个主题往往是亲子冲突的根源:家庭责任、决策和自主权。这一章总结了关于孩子价值的信念,包括孩子已经长大的年长父母的信念。
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引用次数: 0
Atypical Development 非典型发展
Pub Date : 2019-11-21 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190874513.003.0009
Scott A Miller
This chapter considers deviations from the normal developmental path of two sorts. The first section of the chapter addresses childhood clinical syndromes that impact both children’s development and parents’ beliefs. Three syndromes are discussed: intellectual disabilities, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The second section of the chapter addresses deviations in the parent component of the parent–child dyad, considering both clinical conditions (in particular, depression and schizophrenia) and maladaptive parental practices (in particular, abuse or neglect). It also discusses the concept of resilience; that is, the ability of some children to overcome adverse early experiences.
本章考虑了两种偏离正常发展道路的情况。本章的第一部分讨论影响儿童发展和父母信念的儿童临床综合症。讨论了三种综合征:智力障碍,注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)和自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)。本章的第二部分讨论了亲子二联体中父母部分的偏差,考虑了临床状况(特别是抑郁症和精神分裂症)和不适应的父母行为(特别是虐待或忽视)。本文还讨论了弹性的概念;也就是说,一些孩子克服早期不利经历的能力。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
Parents' Beliefs About Children
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