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Outsourcing and Offshoring [Working Title]最新文献

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Offshoring-Outsourcing and Onshoring Tradeoffs: The Impact of Coronavirus on Global Supply Chain 离岸外包与在岸权衡:冠状病毒对全球供应链的影响
Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.95281
G. W. Kajjumba, O. P. Nagitta, F. Osra, M. Mkansi
The world has become a global village with companies investing in different nations to remain afloat and competitive. In the process of offshoring- outsourcing, companies and nations have become interdependent in their efforts to bridge the supply chain network. However, during a pandemic, such as the Coronavirus (COVID-19) that involved the closure of borders, and during which there was a high demand of lifesaving machines and personal protective equipment, many countries were left scrambling for critical medical products such as ventilators and personal protective equipment for doctors. Hence, the tendency away from offshoring and outsourcing to onshoring production. COVID-19 has elicited that countries need to invest in an onshore business if they are to remain afloat. However, investing in onshore (local) business calls for a tradeoff, which some countries cannot afford. Many countries lack skilled labour (developing countries), and where available, it is too expensive (developed countries) making onshore an expensive venture. Besides, promoting manufacturing companies means increased air pollution and greenhouse gases that are responsible for 4.2–7.0 million premature deaths every year, and which costs $4.6 trillion per year. Such death rates and cost can hinder the onshore business. Therefore, for countries to survive in the era of a pandemic, the best alternative is to build strong ties with offshore-outsource nations.
世界已经变成了一个地球村,公司在不同的国家投资,以保持生存和竞争力。在离岸外包的过程中,公司和国家在努力搭建供应链网络的过程中变得相互依存。然而,在冠状病毒(COVID-19)等涉及关闭边境的大流行期间,对救生机器和个人防护装备的需求很高,因此许多国家争相购买呼吸机和医生个人防护装备等关键医疗产品。因此,从离岸和外包到国内生产的趋势。2019冠状病毒病促使各国意识到,如果要维持运营,就需要投资在岸业务。然而,投资在岸(本地)业务需要权衡,这是一些国家无法承受的。许多国家缺乏熟练劳动力(发展中国家),而在有熟练劳动力的地方,成本太高(发达国家),使得在岸投资成本高昂。此外,促进制造业公司意味着增加空气污染和温室气体,每年造成420万至700万人过早死亡,每年造成4.6万亿美元的损失。这样的死亡率和成本可能会阻碍在岸业务。因此,各国要想在大流行时代生存下来,最好的选择是与离岸外包国家建立牢固的联系。
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Outsourcing and Offshoring [Working Title]
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