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Cyber Resilience Revisited: Law and International Relations 重新审视网络弹性:法律与国际关系
Pub Date : 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3859160
I. Putranti, Marten Hanura, Safrida Alivia Sri Ananda, Gawinda Nura Nabila
Cyber space is increasingly playing an important role in the global world, affecting the pattern of relations between countries. The issue of non-traditional security threats is shifting towards the threat typology associated with cyber space. The concept of national security began to be complemented by a national cyber security strategy to support the security of its national interests. Where the country needs to ensure the security of cyber ecosystems to maintain national economic stability. The large flow data and information increasingly large and complex, and brings hidden costs in the form of cyber security threats. Cyber security concepts that are considered not responsive and resilient in dealing with and overcoming cyber attacks can occur at any time with patterns and types that continue to evolve. The concept of cyber security should begin to be developed into cyber security that has patterns of recovery, adaptation, and evolution so as to be able to answer the dynamics of challenges in international trade. Interrupted cyber systems in international sphere will potentially cause disruption of international relations because the threat of losses caused not only affects one country. The increasingly complex international law context and involving big data should be one of the top priorities for cyber resilience strategies. This paper starts by explaining the state of play of cyber resilience in international relations and law. Next, analysis why the concept of cyber resilience in the perspective of international relations and international law needs to be re-visited to face challenges in the digital economy.
网络空间在全球发挥着越来越重要的作用,影响着国家间关系的格局。非传统安全威胁问题正在向网络空间相关威胁类型转移。国家安全概念开始得到国家网络安全战略的补充,以支持其国家利益的安全。国家需要保障网络生态系统安全,维护国家经济稳定。大流量的数据和信息日益庞大和复杂,并以网络安全威胁的形式带来隐性成本。网络安全概念在处理和克服网络攻击时被认为没有响应性和弹性,随着模式和类型的不断发展,随时可能发生。网络安全的概念应该开始发展为具有恢复、适应和演变模式的网络安全,以便能够应对国际贸易中的动态挑战。国际范围内的网络系统中断将潜在地破坏国际关系,因为所造成的损失威胁不仅影响一个国家。日益复杂的国际法背景和涉及大数据应成为网络弹性战略的首要任务之一。本文首先解释了网络弹性在国际关系和法律中的作用状态。其次,分析为什么需要从国际关系和国际法的角度重新审视网络弹性的概念,以应对数字经济中的挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Digital-Based Communication Facilities in Increasing Public Participation in Government Policies 数字通信设施在提高公众参与政府政策中的作用
Pub Date : 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3880818
Y. Sukma, Q. Kusumawardani
Public participation is closely related to the concept of openness, namely the opening of communication spaces between government and society. Without openness, it is impossible for the community to participate in achieving good governance and social welfare. Public participation is a constitutional right for citizens as regulated in Article 1, Article 28 E, Article 28 F of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The public sphere functions as a forum to accommodate public participation, which has shifted to digital. This study aims to see the level of public participation in government policies and see the availability of digital public space by the government in Indonesia. The research method uses a mixed-method between qualitative and quantitative, with a survey method. The results obtained are that the government's provision of public space in the form of social media is very high served by Ministries and the provincial communication and information office. The government's response rate in disseminating its public policies through Ministry social media and the Provincial Communication and Information Office are also high. However, public participation in government policies is inadequate. Therefore, community involvement is a necessity in order to ensure the effectiveness of a policy.
公众参与与开放的概念密切相关,即开放政府与社会之间的沟通空间。没有开放,社区就不可能参与实现善治和社会福利。1945年《印度尼西亚共和国宪法》第1条、第28条E款和第28条F款规定,公众参与是公民的宪法权利。公共领域作为容纳公众参与的论坛,已经转向数字化。本研究旨在了解公众参与政府政策的程度,以及印尼政府提供数字公共空间的情况。研究方法采用定性与定量相结合的方法,采用调查法。得到的结果是,政府以社交媒体形式提供的公共空间在各部委和省级传播和信息办公室的服务水平很高。政府通过部门社交媒体和地方宣传信息室宣传公共政策的反应率也很高。然而,公众对政府政策的参与是不够的。因此,为了确保政策的有效性,社区参与是必要的。
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引用次数: 0
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ICCB: Communication in Pandemic
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