Sub-Saharan Africa is currently experiencing growth in the number of people living in poverty, and the situation is worsening due to climate change and the COVID-19 pandemic. Cities are increasingly under stress because of urbanization and the demand for low-cost housing. Slum dwellers face daunting social, environmental, and economic challenges. Geospatial analysis of remote sensing, demographic, economic, social, and environmental data is being used to delineate slums. The application of circular economy guidelines for an intelligent transformation of slums combines technical and social innovation that reaches beyond the slums to the whole urban ecosystem. Examples of contributions to the circular economy are provided. Finally, some ideas are introduced on how the internet of things can improve access to goods and services and strengthen interconnectedness through the ability to participate more readily in the social dialogue of the city. The city of Accra in Ghana, West Africa, is discussed as a potential slum city to functional intelligent city transformation.
{"title":"The Circular Economy, Big Data Analytics, and the Transformation of Urban Slums in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"D. Cordes, G. Morrison","doi":"10.4018/ijssta.319720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijssta.319720","url":null,"abstract":"Sub-Saharan Africa is currently experiencing growth in the number of people living in poverty, and the situation is worsening due to climate change and the COVID-19 pandemic. Cities are increasingly under stress because of urbanization and the demand for low-cost housing. Slum dwellers face daunting social, environmental, and economic challenges. Geospatial analysis of remote sensing, demographic, economic, social, and environmental data is being used to delineate slums. The application of circular economy guidelines for an intelligent transformation of slums combines technical and social innovation that reaches beyond the slums to the whole urban ecosystem. Examples of contributions to the circular economy are provided. Finally, some ideas are introduced on how the internet of things can improve access to goods and services and strengthen interconnectedness through the ability to participate more readily in the social dialogue of the city. The city of Accra in Ghana, West Africa, is discussed as a potential slum city to functional intelligent city transformation.","PeriodicalId":240290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart Sensor Technologies and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129304536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.4018/IJSSTA.20200401.OA1
Oluwadara J. Odeyinka, Opeyemi A. Ajibola, M. C. Ndinechi, O. Nosiri, N. Onuekwusi
This paper is a review on energy conservation in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Due to the nature of wireless sensor nodes in terms of deployment and their common usage in terrains with limited access, recharging or replacing sensor nodes batteries may be difficult. This paper examined various sources of energy in WSNs Battery, energy harvesting and energy transference. Also, various energy usage operations and energy wastage activities in WSNs were examined, and comparisons of different routing protocols based on network structure, energy dissipation, data communication cost, and entire energy usage in WSNs were itemized. The prospects of the machine learning (ML) approach in addressing energy constraint issues in WSNs were reviewed. This paper recommends a compound approach in routing decisions to maximize energy usage operation and minimize energy wastage activities, consideration for energy harvesting and transference mechanisms, and exploring the potentials in ML algorithms to resolve energy problem in wireless sensor networks.
{"title":"A Review on Conservation of Energy in Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"Oluwadara J. Odeyinka, Opeyemi A. Ajibola, M. C. Ndinechi, O. Nosiri, N. Onuekwusi","doi":"10.4018/IJSSTA.20200401.OA1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJSSTA.20200401.OA1","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is a review on energy conservation in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Due to the nature of wireless sensor nodes in terms of deployment and their common usage in terrains with limited access, recharging or replacing sensor nodes batteries may be difficult. This paper examined various sources of energy in WSNs Battery, energy harvesting and energy transference. Also, various energy usage operations and energy wastage activities in WSNs were examined, and comparisons of different routing protocols based on network structure, energy dissipation, data communication cost, and entire energy usage in WSNs were itemized. The prospects of the machine learning (ML) approach in addressing energy constraint issues in WSNs were reviewed. This paper recommends a compound approach in routing decisions to maximize energy usage operation and minimize energy wastage activities, consideration for energy harvesting and transference mechanisms, and exploring the potentials in ML algorithms to resolve energy problem in wireless sensor networks.","PeriodicalId":240290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart Sensor Technologies and Applications","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116125919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.4018/ijssta.20200101.oa1
Chau Nguyen, D. Hoang
Internet of things (IoT) has developed into an interconnected platform infrastructure for providing everyday services. Emerging end-to-end IoT services are being developed for local and multiple distributed regions. To realize the on-demand services in a timely and economically beneficial way, programmability and reusability are crucial for provisioning and reusing IoT resources. Existing IoT platforms are rigid and cannot be easily adapted to accommodate new services. This paper proposes a programmable large-scale software-defined IoT model for provisioning IoT services on demand with two levels of management and orchestration. One orchestrates services over geographically distributed clusters and the other orchestrates services over IoT devices within a cluster. The model entails the design of IoT-specific controllers, software-defined virtual sensors, and a new protocol for managing resource-constrained but enriched devices. The model allows provisioning and resource-sharing of end-to-end IoT services on demand. Implementation results demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed model.
{"title":"Large-Scale Software-Defined IoT Platform for Provisioning IoT Services on Demand","authors":"Chau Nguyen, D. Hoang","doi":"10.4018/ijssta.20200101.oa1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijssta.20200101.oa1","url":null,"abstract":"Internet of things (IoT) has developed into an interconnected platform infrastructure for providing everyday services. Emerging end-to-end IoT services are being developed for local and multiple distributed regions. To realize the on-demand services in a timely and economically beneficial way, programmability and reusability are crucial for provisioning and reusing IoT resources. Existing IoT platforms are rigid and cannot be easily adapted to accommodate new services. This paper proposes a programmable large-scale software-defined IoT model for provisioning IoT services on demand with two levels of management and orchestration. One orchestrates services over geographically distributed clusters and the other orchestrates services over IoT devices within a cluster. The model entails the design of IoT-specific controllers, software-defined virtual sensors, and a new protocol for managing resource-constrained but enriched devices. The model allows provisioning and resource-sharing of end-to-end IoT services on demand. Implementation results demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed model.","PeriodicalId":240290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart Sensor Technologies and Applications","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131383837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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