Pub Date : 2021-05-31DOI: 10.9734/BPI/HMMR/V13/9026D
A. Riddle, M. Carr
Background: Group B streptococci (GBS) continues to be a universal issue in inducing early onset sepsis in newborns. At the moment, the most effective strategy for reducing early-onset neonatal GBS disease is universal maternal screening for recto-vaginal GBS carriage at 35-37 weeks of gestation, combined with intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for colonized mothers. It has not shown a reduction in cases of late or late late-onset GBS infection, which tends to be initiated by environmental elements for newborns with prolonged hospital stays and extended contact with hospital staff. There is a concern whether greater antibiotic use in the peripartum period affects the incidence and antibiotic resistance profiles of GBS and other perinatally acquired bacterial infections; this issue remains unclear. Vaccines against GBS may out to be the most effective and long-term preventive option available.
{"title":"Clinical and Microbiological Aspects of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Disease – A Review","authors":"A. Riddle, M. Carr","doi":"10.9734/BPI/HMMR/V13/9026D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BPI/HMMR/V13/9026D","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Group B streptococci (GBS) continues to be a universal issue in inducing early onset sepsis in newborns. At the moment, the most effective strategy for reducing early-onset neonatal GBS disease is universal maternal screening for recto-vaginal GBS carriage at 35-37 weeks of gestation, combined with intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for colonized mothers. It has not shown a reduction in cases of late or late late-onset GBS infection, which tends to be initiated by environmental elements for newborns with prolonged hospital stays and extended contact with hospital staff. There is a concern whether greater antibiotic use in the peripartum period affects the incidence and antibiotic resistance profiles of GBS and other perinatally acquired bacterial infections; this issue remains unclear. Vaccines against GBS may out to be the most effective and long-term preventive option available.","PeriodicalId":247311,"journal":{"name":"Highlights on Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 13","volume":"324 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115346159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-31DOI: 10.9734/BPI/HMMR/V13/8727D
Sarika Chaudhary, S. Shenoy
This chapter deals with stress hormones which are released into the blood in varying amounts and elicits a typical physiological response to different types and modes of exercises. The response of all the hormones to exercise is influenced by intensity, duration, type of exercise, gender and age. The effects are also variable on trained and non trained athletes. As the hormones are secreted in various pulses throughout the day in a circadian pattern, so the effects of diurnal variation have also been explained. Other than exercise, there are varieties of stimuli such as hypoglycemia, caffeine, hypoxia, glucagon, and hypercapnia which can greatly stimulate the response of hormones. The chapter has covered a wide range of literature on growth hormone, cortisol, testosterone and catecholamines and gives an insight of acute and chronic effects of aerobic, anaerobic, resistance and endurance exercises on these hormones.
{"title":"Hormonal Responses to Exercise","authors":"Sarika Chaudhary, S. Shenoy","doi":"10.9734/BPI/HMMR/V13/8727D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BPI/HMMR/V13/8727D","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter deals with stress hormones which are released into the blood in varying amounts and elicits a typical physiological response to different types and modes of exercises. The response of all the hormones to exercise is influenced by intensity, duration, type of exercise, gender and age. The effects are also variable on trained and non trained athletes. As the hormones are secreted in various pulses throughout the day in a circadian pattern, so the effects of diurnal variation have also been explained. Other than exercise, there are varieties of stimuli such as hypoglycemia, caffeine, hypoxia, glucagon, and hypercapnia which can greatly stimulate the response of hormones. The chapter has covered a wide range of literature on growth hormone, cortisol, testosterone and catecholamines and gives an insight of acute and chronic effects of aerobic, anaerobic, resistance and endurance exercises on these hormones.","PeriodicalId":247311,"journal":{"name":"Highlights on Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 13","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127357639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-20DOI: 10.9734/JAMMR/2018/38448
Tarig Fadelelmoula
Background: The education of health care professionals is a major contributor for patient safety. Advocates of simulation-based education, claim a particularly important role for physically examine the stethoscope simulator, instructed on how to use it, and then au its cardiopulmonary sounds. A sur asked to rate their responses using a 5 (2), neutral (3), agree (4), and strongly agre Results: Experts in cardiology, respiratory medicine and respiratory care agreed upon the characteristics and attributes of this stethoscope simulator and the observed average of the “global assessment” of the stethoscope simulator was acceptable. of this type was approximately 100 USD. Conclusion: Primary evidence suggests that this homegrown stethoscope simulator is a useful tool that can be integrated into bedside teaching and clinical skill lab to facilit learning cardiopulmonary auscultation for undergraduate learners. skills
{"title":"Determining the Validation of Homegrown Stethoscope Simulator for Cardiopulmonary Training","authors":"Tarig Fadelelmoula","doi":"10.9734/JAMMR/2018/38448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/JAMMR/2018/38448","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The education of health care professionals is a major contributor for patient safety. Advocates of simulation-based education, claim a particularly important role for physically examine the stethoscope simulator, instructed on how to use it, and then au its cardiopulmonary sounds. A sur asked to rate their responses using a 5 (2), neutral (3), agree (4), and strongly agre Results: Experts in cardiology, respiratory medicine and respiratory care agreed upon the characteristics and attributes of this stethoscope simulator and the observed average of the “global assessment” of the stethoscope simulator was acceptable. of this type was approximately 100 USD. Conclusion: Primary evidence suggests that this homegrown stethoscope simulator is a useful tool that can be integrated into bedside teaching and clinical skill lab to facilit learning cardiopulmonary auscultation for undergraduate learners. skills","PeriodicalId":247311,"journal":{"name":"Highlights on Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 13","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124203008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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