Pub Date : 2020-06-15DOI: 10.5149/NORTHCAROLINA/9781469655505.003.0002
K. Polk
This chapter considers the 2017 death of Sgt. La David Johnson in Niger as an example of Mbembe’s necropolitics, and argues that the racist media coverage it received drew its power from nineteenth century discourses of Black inferiority. These arguments were premised upon scientific racism, and held that enslaved Blacks were biologically immune to diseases like yellow fever. The belief that Blacks were immune to tropical diseases continued throughout the Spanish-Cuban-American War of 1898, where African American male volunteers were inducted into Immune Regiments in order to perform grunt labor in battlefields beset by fever. Black leaders like Booker T. Washington strategically used the sacrifice of African American troops in the conflict to claim political immunity for the larger Black community, yet the gravesites of Black soldiers in Santiago belied the fact that honoring the American fallen was a deeply racialized affair.
本章将2017年在尼日尔的大卫·约翰逊中士之死作为姆本贝死亡政治的一个例子，并认为它所受到的种族主义媒体报道的力量来自于19世纪关于黑人劣等的话语。这些论点以科学的种族主义为前提，认为被奴役的黑人在生物学上对黄热病等疾病免疫。在1898年的西班牙-古巴-美国战争中，黑人对热带疾病有免疫力的信念一直持续着，在这场战争中，非裔美国男性志愿者被征召入免疫团，以便在发烧困扰的战场上从事繁重的劳动。布克·t·华盛顿(Booker T. Washington)等黑人领袖策略性地利用非裔美国士兵在冲突中的牺牲，为更大的黑人社区争取政治豁免权，但圣地亚哥黑人士兵的墓地掩盖了这样一个事实，即纪念阵亡的美国人是一件高度种族化的事情。
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Pub Date : 2020-06-15DOI: 10.5149/NORTHCAROLINA/9781469655505.003.0006
K. Polk
This chapter follows the segregated mobilization of Black military workers across the expanded playing fields of the second World War, showing how the Black body was once again rendered into a subaltern, contagious, and communicable subject of American militarism. Sex remained an important commodity traded within the economies of pleasure created through U.S. foreign military intervention, and the stigma of venereal disease once again justified the experimental use of prophylaxis drugs upon and within the bodies of African American soldiers. Representations of Black troops in military training films vacillated from heroic to lecherous, and even enlisted notable “race men” like Paul Robeson to shame soldiers into sexual abstinence. Yet Black troops encountered a world globalized through technological advances in communication, medicine, travel, and warfare, and this in turn shaped their own ideas about race, sexuality, and citizenship. Their experiences during the war and later in occupied Berlin enabled them to map the contours of a global color line through their military travels, increasing their transnational awareness of colonial policies in allied countries, and granting them a political kinship with the darker peoples of the world.
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