Pub Date : 2019-10-03DOI: 10.15226/csroa.2019.00152
V. Petrosino, M. Coletta, D. Testa
A large number of studies in the literature increasingly suggest a causal relationship between the onset of cancer and other diseases and the exposure to environmental pollutants, particularly heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and other products. Environmental pollution seems to be an important determinant for the onset of several diseases, so special attention must be paid to this question. Recently, some authors, by measuring heavy metals in cancer tissue, have come to the conclusion that these metals can accumulate in tumor tissue and, through different mechanisms and actions, can stimulate the progression of breast cancers and reduce the sensitivity to various treatments. In this study, in order to investigate the involvement of these pollutants in the development of certain types of cancer, we measured the levels of 14 heavy metals in blood and hair samples, and 12 PCBs in blood samples of a total of 33 cancer patients living in areas considered at risk of pollution. All studied patients were found to have variable amounts of heavy metals and some PCBs especially in the blood. The exact mechanism by which these substances affect the various stages of the neoplastic process is still the subject of our investigation. In our study, metal levels were found to be at least three times higher than the maximum reference value in all patients.
{"title":"Determination of Heavy Metals and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Oncological Patients: A Pilot Study","authors":"V. Petrosino, M. Coletta, D. Testa","doi":"10.15226/csroa.2019.00152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15226/csroa.2019.00152","url":null,"abstract":"A large number of studies in the literature increasingly suggest a causal relationship between the onset of cancer and other diseases and the exposure to environmental pollutants, particularly heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and other products. Environmental pollution seems to be an important determinant for the onset of several diseases, so special attention must be paid to this question. Recently, some authors, by measuring heavy metals in cancer tissue, have come to the conclusion that these metals can accumulate in tumor tissue and, through different mechanisms and actions, can stimulate the progression of breast cancers and reduce the sensitivity to various treatments. In this study, in order to investigate the involvement of these pollutants in the development of certain types of cancer, we measured the levels of 14 heavy metals in blood and hair samples, and 12 PCBs in blood samples of a total of 33 cancer patients living in areas considered at risk of pollution. All studied patients were found to have variable amounts of heavy metals and some PCBs especially in the blood. The exact mechanism by which these substances affect the various stages of the neoplastic process is still the subject of our investigation. In our study, metal levels were found to be at least three times higher than the maximum reference value in all patients.","PeriodicalId":277570,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Science & Research: Open Access","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114678731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-03DOI: 10.15226/csroa.2019.00151
R. Hamidpour, S. Hamidpour, Parvin Doostmohamadi
Russian olive is known as the Functional Novel Natural Medicine, Elaeagnus angustifolia L. Extract are considered important for drug development, because they are reported to have Pharmacological activity in the Asia, Middle East especially China and India. For a long time Elaeagnus angustifolia L., which is commonly known as oleaster or Russian olive, is a deciduous plant from Elaeagnacea family. This plant can tolerate and survive a wide variety of environmental conditions. Traditionally, different parts of Elaeagnus angustifolia plant especially fruits and flowers have been used in treating some common problems such as nausea, cough, asthma, fever, jaundice, and diarrhea. The use of fruit powder and extract of E. angustifolia have shown to be effective in alleviating pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and also reducing the healing time of the wounded area. In addition, some recent reports have indicated the anti-oxidant, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer activities of oleaster plant. The other important property of this plant is its role in bio-monitoring the environment for some toxic elements and also its action as a biofertilizer agent in distressed lands. It seems that with more advanced studies on E. angustifolia and its bioactive components, this plant might be potentially effective and can be used as a natural alternative resource in pharmaceutical industries for treating chronic and serious problems.
{"title":"Chemistry, Pharmacology and Medicinal Property of Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.)","authors":"R. Hamidpour, S. Hamidpour, Parvin Doostmohamadi","doi":"10.15226/csroa.2019.00151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15226/csroa.2019.00151","url":null,"abstract":"Russian olive is known as the Functional Novel Natural Medicine, Elaeagnus angustifolia L. Extract are considered important for drug development, because they are reported to have Pharmacological activity in the Asia, Middle East especially China and India. For a long time Elaeagnus angustifolia L., which is commonly known as oleaster or Russian olive, is a deciduous plant from Elaeagnacea family. This plant can tolerate and survive a wide variety of environmental conditions. Traditionally, different parts of Elaeagnus angustifolia plant especially fruits and flowers have been used in treating some common problems such as nausea, cough, asthma, fever, jaundice, and diarrhea. The use of fruit powder and extract of E. angustifolia have shown to be effective in alleviating pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and also reducing the healing time of the wounded area. In addition, some recent reports have indicated the anti-oxidant, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer activities of oleaster plant. The other important property of this plant is its role in bio-monitoring the environment for some toxic elements and also its action as a biofertilizer agent in distressed lands. It seems that with more advanced studies on E. angustifolia and its bioactive components, this plant might be potentially effective and can be used as a natural alternative resource in pharmaceutical industries for treating chronic and serious problems.","PeriodicalId":277570,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Science & Research: Open Access","volume":"184 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124685067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-29DOI: 10.15226/csroa.2019.00150
Badria Munir, Syed Mushhood Ali, R. Kumari, H. Aslam, Uzma S. Rehman, A. Arshad, N. Mustafa, A. Anwar
Objectives: Multiple studies are conducted to establish the frequency of electrolyte imbalance outside Pakistan but there is little data available locally. This study was therefore intended to assess the electrolyte imbalance in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy which can help to reduce the morbidity related to electrolyte imbalance by replacing them appropriately. Methodology: An observational study using non-probability convenient sampling technique was conducted for a year from April 2016 to March 2017 at the Oncology Department of Jinnah Post graduate Medical Center, Karachi after taking the ethical approval from the hospital’s Ethical Review Committee. An informed consent was taken from a total of 256 cases diagnosed with various cancers and on an ongoing chemotherapeutic regimen before including them in the study. Age, height, weight, gender, body surface area, type of cancer, chemotherapy protocol, number of days on chemotherapy, electrolyte levels before and after therapy were the variables included. Data was analyzed using the SPSS 20 version. Descriptive statistics of demographic variables was presented as mean, standard deviation and frequency in percentages. Results: 256 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 43.21±12.85 years. 52.7% of the patients showed a reduction in the level of sodium after treatment, followed by 52.2% of the patients showing a reduction in the level of potassium after treatment. 14.8% of the patients presented with reduced chloride levels, with 84.4% of the patients maintaining normal chloride levels before and after treatment. Furthermore, 87.1% of the patients, maintained normal magnesium levels, with 2.7% of the patients presenting with increased magnesium levels after therapy. Conclusion: Our study predicted the significant reduction in the sodium and potassium levels in cancer patients on chemotherapeutic agents. However most of the patients maintained the normal levels of chloride and magnesium.
{"title":"Outcomes Related to Electrolyte Imbalance in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy; an Observational Study Focusing on Cancer Patients","authors":"Badria Munir, Syed Mushhood Ali, R. Kumari, H. Aslam, Uzma S. Rehman, A. Arshad, N. Mustafa, A. Anwar","doi":"10.15226/csroa.2019.00150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15226/csroa.2019.00150","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Multiple studies are conducted to establish the frequency of electrolyte imbalance outside Pakistan but there is little data available locally. This study was therefore intended to assess the electrolyte imbalance in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy which can help to reduce the morbidity related to electrolyte imbalance by replacing them appropriately. Methodology: An observational study using non-probability convenient sampling technique was conducted for a year from April 2016 to March 2017 at the Oncology Department of Jinnah Post graduate Medical Center, Karachi after taking the ethical approval from the hospital’s Ethical Review Committee. An informed consent was taken from a total of 256 cases diagnosed with various cancers and on an ongoing chemotherapeutic regimen before including them in the study. Age, height, weight, gender, body surface area, type of cancer, chemotherapy protocol, number of days on chemotherapy, electrolyte levels before and after therapy were the variables included. Data was analyzed using the SPSS 20 version. Descriptive statistics of demographic variables was presented as mean, standard deviation and frequency in percentages. Results: 256 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 43.21±12.85 years. 52.7% of the patients showed a reduction in the level of sodium after treatment, followed by 52.2% of the patients showing a reduction in the level of potassium after treatment. 14.8% of the patients presented with reduced chloride levels, with 84.4% of the patients maintaining normal chloride levels before and after treatment. Furthermore, 87.1% of the patients, maintained normal magnesium levels, with 2.7% of the patients presenting with increased magnesium levels after therapy. Conclusion: Our study predicted the significant reduction in the sodium and potassium levels in cancer patients on chemotherapeutic agents. However most of the patients maintained the normal levels of chloride and magnesium.","PeriodicalId":277570,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Science & Research: Open Access","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126015321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-29DOI: 10.15226/csroa.2019.00147
O. Sager, F. Dinçoğlan, S. Demiral, M. Beyzadeoğlu
Objective: Meningiomas arise from arachnoid cap cells and comprise the commonest benign tumor of the brain, accounting for more than one third of all intracranial neoplasms. Surgery and radiation therapy (RT) have been traditionally used in meningioma management. Radiosurgery is a sophisticated form of therapeutic irradiation with the capability of delivering high doses of radiation to well defined targets with typically steep dose gradients around the treatment volumes under robust stereotactic localization and image guidance. Target volume definition is an important part of menigioma radiosurgery. In this study, we assessed the use of multimodality imaging for target volume definition in radiosurgery of meningiomas. Methodology: We included 27 patients receiving meningioma radiosurgery at our department. All patients were treated with high precision radiosurgery after multidisciplinary assessment of patients regarding lesion size, location, association with critical neurovascular structures, symptomatology, and previous treatments. Target volume determination was done based on using only CT images and also by incorporation of MR fusion to perform a comparative assessment. Results: Comparative evaluation revealed improved target volume definition by incorporation of MRI into radiosurgery treatment planning for patients treated with radiosurgery for meningiomas. Conclusion: Improved target definition is a pertinent goal of optimal radiosurgical treatment planning. Our study supports the utility of MRI in meningioma radiosurgery treatment planning. Clearly, further research is warranted to refine target definition for radiosurgical management of meningiomas.
{"title":"Evaluation of Radiosurgery Target Volume Determination for Meningiomas Based on Computed Tomography (CT) And Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)","authors":"O. Sager, F. Dinçoğlan, S. Demiral, M. Beyzadeoğlu","doi":"10.15226/csroa.2019.00147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15226/csroa.2019.00147","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Meningiomas arise from arachnoid cap cells and comprise the commonest benign tumor of the brain, accounting for more than one third of all intracranial neoplasms. Surgery and radiation therapy (RT) have been traditionally used in meningioma management. Radiosurgery is a sophisticated form of therapeutic irradiation with the capability of delivering high doses of radiation to well defined targets with typically steep dose gradients around the treatment volumes under robust stereotactic localization and image guidance. Target volume definition is an important part of menigioma radiosurgery. In this study, we assessed the use of multimodality imaging for target volume definition in radiosurgery of meningiomas. Methodology: We included 27 patients receiving meningioma radiosurgery at our department. All patients were treated with high precision radiosurgery after multidisciplinary assessment of patients regarding lesion size, location, association with critical neurovascular structures, symptomatology, and previous treatments. Target volume determination was done based on using only CT images and also by incorporation of MR fusion to perform a comparative assessment. Results: Comparative evaluation revealed improved target volume definition by incorporation of MRI into radiosurgery treatment planning for patients treated with radiosurgery for meningiomas. Conclusion: Improved target definition is a pertinent goal of optimal radiosurgical treatment planning. Our study supports the utility of MRI in meningioma radiosurgery treatment planning. Clearly, further research is warranted to refine target definition for radiosurgical management of meningiomas.","PeriodicalId":277570,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Science & Research: Open Access","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127202842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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