Pub Date : 2021-04-02DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780192894571.003.0006
P. Brown
Girolamo marries Giulia Bembo in November 1549. The Council of Ten grants Girolamo permission to travel secretly to the bride’s home to finalize the marriage, but he is required to return to the Palazzo Ducale the same evening. With this unpropitious beginning, the newly united families adapt to a succession of challenges as Giulia’s father Gian Matteo works behind the scenes for a revision of Girolamo’s sentence. The hunt for Tristan Savorgnan and his henchmen continues. He escapes capture, but upon orders of the Council of Ten, his family palace in Udine is razed to the ground. Farnese support for Girolamo endures, notwithstanding the death of Paul III. But even with ongoing appeals from Rome, the Council of Ten holds firm on Girolamo’s sentence of exile. Giulia becomes pregnant, despite restrictions on Girolamo’s movement within the city. The couple prepare to board a galley for Crete in the summer of 1550.
{"title":"The Venetian Bride","authors":"P. Brown","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780192894571.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780192894571.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Girolamo marries Giulia Bembo in November 1549. The Council of Ten grants Girolamo permission to travel secretly to the bride’s home to finalize the marriage, but he is required to return to the Palazzo Ducale the same evening. With this unpropitious beginning, the newly united families adapt to a succession of challenges as Giulia’s father Gian Matteo works behind the scenes for a revision of Girolamo’s sentence. The hunt for Tristan Savorgnan and his henchmen continues. He escapes capture, but upon orders of the Council of Ten, his family palace in Udine is razed to the ground. Farnese support for Girolamo endures, notwithstanding the death of Paul III. But even with ongoing appeals from Rome, the Council of Ten holds firm on Girolamo’s sentence of exile. Giulia becomes pregnant, despite restrictions on Girolamo’s movement within the city. The couple prepare to board a galley for Crete in the summer of 1550.","PeriodicalId":296886,"journal":{"name":"The Venetian Bride","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121721371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-02DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780192894571.003.0011
P. Brown
Girolamo faces a revolt by the citizens of Ceneda while serving as procurator for his brother, and Venice is forced to intervene. But the decades-long blood feud in the Friuli finally comes to an end. After a pamphlet war and a duel, a Venetian procurator negotiates the Peace of 1568 between the heads of the warring families. Bishop Michele serves as papal nuncio to the French court. Gian Matteo is honoured with portraits in the Palazzo Ducale and several book dedications, but he reluctantly declines two prestigious posts because of ill health and dies in June 1570 at the age of seventy-nine. His will, omitting one son, leads to prolonged litigation. The Turks take Cyprus in 1571 and Michele fortifies the castle in Ceneda. As the threat recedes, he enjoys country life. Venice stages the triumphal entry of the new French king Henri III, but suffers two devastating fires in the Palazzo Ducale, and the worst plague in Venetian history.
{"title":"Wars and Peace","authors":"P. Brown","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780192894571.003.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780192894571.003.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Girolamo faces a revolt by the citizens of Ceneda while serving as procurator for his brother, and Venice is forced to intervene. But the decades-long blood feud in the Friuli finally comes to an end. After a pamphlet war and a duel, a Venetian procurator negotiates the Peace of 1568 between the heads of the warring families. Bishop Michele serves as papal nuncio to the French court. Gian Matteo is honoured with portraits in the Palazzo Ducale and several book dedications, but he reluctantly declines two prestigious posts because of ill health and dies in June 1570 at the age of seventy-nine. His will, omitting one son, leads to prolonged litigation. The Turks take Cyprus in 1571 and Michele fortifies the castle in Ceneda. As the threat recedes, he enjoys country life. Venice stages the triumphal entry of the new French king Henri III, but suffers two devastating fires in the Palazzo Ducale, and the worst plague in Venetian history.","PeriodicalId":296886,"journal":{"name":"The Venetian Bride","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131864336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0009
Patricia Fortini Brown
Back in Venice, Girolamo secures housing in Ca’ Morosini, a Gothic palace on the Grand Canal not far from Ca’ Bembo at Santa Maria Nova. Gian Matteo successfully defends himself from charges of improperly spending state funds in Candia and is allowed to stand for election again. His wife Marcella dies in August 1555, a few days after Giulia gives birth to a daughter named after her grandmother. It is a time of droughts and famine in the countryside, celebrations in Venice, and periodic outbreaks of plague throughout the territory. In early 1556, Bona Sforza, Queen of Poland, is feted throughout the territory. The following year the city celebrates the first coronation of a Dogaressa in a century, with more festivities. Two sons, Giovanni and Alvise III, are born to Giulia in 1556 and 1557. Bishop Michele becomes majordomo of the household of Pope Pius IV in Rome and reluctantly engages in papal politics.
{"title":"The Return","authors":"Patricia Fortini Brown","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Back in Venice, Girolamo secures housing in Ca’ Morosini, a Gothic palace on the Grand Canal not far from Ca’ Bembo at Santa Maria Nova. Gian Matteo successfully defends himself from charges of improperly spending state funds in Candia and is allowed to stand for election again. His wife Marcella dies in August 1555, a few days after Giulia gives birth to a daughter named after her grandmother. It is a time of droughts and famine in the countryside, celebrations in Venice, and periodic outbreaks of plague throughout the territory. In early 1556, Bona Sforza, Queen of Poland, is feted throughout the territory. The following year the city celebrates the first coronation of a Dogaressa in a century, with more festivities. Two sons, Giovanni and Alvise III, are born to Giulia in 1556 and 1557. Bishop Michele becomes majordomo of the household of Pope Pius IV in Rome and reluctantly engages in papal politics.","PeriodicalId":296886,"journal":{"name":"The Venetian Bride","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115624839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0016
Patricia Fortini Brown
The destinies of the descendants of Girolamo Della Torre and his Venetian bride, Giulia Bembo, were shaped by a feudal culture based on blood and soil that would gradually change to a culture with respect for the rule of civil law. They were also shaped, and not for the better, by a change in inheritance practice from comunella (equal shares to the patriline) to primogeniture. The clan solidarity of the sixteenth century of Girolamo and his brothers and sons eroded and was replaced by a culture of individualism, competition, and potential intrafamily strife. It is no small irony that despite efforts by both the Della Torre and Bembo families to preserve their patrimonies through large families and an unbroken succession of male heirs, the last survivor in the paternal bloodline of each was a daughter.
{"title":"Epilogue","authors":"Patricia Fortini Brown","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0016","url":null,"abstract":"The destinies of the descendants of Girolamo Della Torre and his Venetian bride, Giulia Bembo, were shaped by a feudal culture based on blood and soil that would gradually change to a culture with respect for the rule of civil law. They were also shaped, and not for the better, by a change in inheritance practice from comunella (equal shares to the patriline) to primogeniture. The clan solidarity of the sixteenth century of Girolamo and his brothers and sons eroded and was replaced by a culture of individualism, competition, and potential intrafamily strife. It is no small irony that despite efforts by both the Della Torre and Bembo families to preserve their patrimonies through large families and an unbroken succession of male heirs, the last survivor in the paternal bloodline of each was a daughter.","PeriodicalId":296886,"journal":{"name":"The Venetian Bride","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132280692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0012
Patricia Fortini Brown
Girolamo marries off all five daughters to Friulian nobles—three to feudal lords, two to wealthy city dwellers—thus strengthening the family network of alliances. Alvise and Giovanni become priests, the latter destined to follow his uncle Michele into high church office. Girolamo’s oldest son, Sigismondo, seeks his fortune in service of the Hapsburgs. His first marriage brings him the feud of Spessa, complete with castle, in Gorizia, and a son and heir, Carlo, named after the archduke. A second marriage into a collateral Della Torre line based in imperial territory ties him ever more firmly to the Hapsburgs. Girolamo expands the castle at Villalta, grafting a seigneurial Renaissance country villa onto the medieval fortress, the complex becoming a metaphor for a feudal family that now embraces Venetian republican values. Michele is featured in Paolo Paruta’s Della perfezione della vita politica (1579), a treatise celebrating politics as civil discipline.
{"title":"Suitable Alliances","authors":"Patricia Fortini Brown","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0012","url":null,"abstract":"Girolamo marries off all five daughters to Friulian nobles—three to feudal lords, two to wealthy city dwellers—thus strengthening the family network of alliances. Alvise and Giovanni become priests, the latter destined to follow his uncle Michele into high church office. Girolamo’s oldest son, Sigismondo, seeks his fortune in service of the Hapsburgs. His first marriage brings him the feud of Spessa, complete with castle, in Gorizia, and a son and heir, Carlo, named after the archduke. A second marriage into a collateral Della Torre line based in imperial territory ties him ever more firmly to the Hapsburgs. Girolamo expands the castle at Villalta, grafting a seigneurial Renaissance country villa onto the medieval fortress, the complex becoming a metaphor for a feudal family that now embraces Venetian republican values. Michele is featured in Paolo Paruta’s Della perfezione della vita politica (1579), a treatise celebrating politics as civil discipline.","PeriodicalId":296886,"journal":{"name":"The Venetian Bride","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128982828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2514/5.9781624104039.0153.0182
Patricia Fortini Brown
In 1587 Girolamo sells Palazzo Torriani to Antonio Marchesi, a rich merchant, to satisfy some of the creditors. Marchesi, who has noble aspirations, embellishes the palace with luxurious furnishings, including a ceiling painting by the workshop of Paolo Veronese, and builds new structures on the site. Girolamo ties up loose ends. He verifies the family’s titles and investitures and puts his financial house in order. Mindful of the litigation over Gian Matteo’s estate, he executes a notarized document, dividing his property, and his debts, equally between his three surviving sons, Sigismondo, Giulio, and Giovanni, ‘so that everyone would know his share’. Girolamo’s brother-in-law Pietro Bembo, Bishop of Veglia, dies in 1589. The pope gives the office to Girolamo’s son Giovanni over Venetian objections. Girolamo drafts his testament, reaffirming the property division of 1587. He dies in Venice in March 1590 at the age of eighty-five.
{"title":"Retrenchment","authors":"Patricia Fortini Brown","doi":"10.2514/5.9781624104039.0153.0182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2514/5.9781624104039.0153.0182","url":null,"abstract":"In 1587 Girolamo sells Palazzo Torriani to Antonio Marchesi, a rich merchant, to satisfy some of the creditors. Marchesi, who has noble aspirations, embellishes the palace with luxurious furnishings, including a ceiling painting by the workshop of Paolo Veronese, and builds new structures on the site. Girolamo ties up loose ends. He verifies the family’s titles and investitures and puts his financial house in order. Mindful of the litigation over Gian Matteo’s estate, he executes a notarized document, dividing his property, and his debts, equally between his three surviving sons, Sigismondo, Giulio, and Giovanni, ‘so that everyone would know his share’. Girolamo’s brother-in-law Pietro Bembo, Bishop of Veglia, dies in 1589. The pope gives the office to Girolamo’s son Giovanni over Venetian objections. Girolamo drafts his testament, reaffirming the property division of 1587. He dies in Venice in March 1590 at the age of eighty-five.","PeriodicalId":296886,"journal":{"name":"The Venetian Bride","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129648353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0004
Patricia Fortini Brown
Giovanni da Udine returns to his native city after the Sack of Rome and participates in a campaign of urban renewal. The Della Torre brothers engage in protracted litigation to receive financial restitution from the Savorgnan heirs, during which time Raimondo dies. The three surviving brothers also petition for entrance into the hereditary Venetian nobility, a rare distinction held by the Savorgnan, but are rejected. The rebuff is lessened in 1533 when the brothers are named cavalieri aureati—Knights of the Golden Spur—by the Emperor Charles V, just two weeks after he granted the same honour to Titian (Tiziano Vecellio). Girolamo, now head of the family, takes the lead in rebuilding Palazzo Torriani. Alvise II attends to family affairs at Villalta. Michele becomes a favourite of Pope Paul III, thus creating lasting links with the powerful Farnese family, and rises in the hierarchy of the church in Rome.
{"title":"Restitution","authors":"Patricia Fortini Brown","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Giovanni da Udine returns to his native city after the Sack of Rome and participates in a campaign of urban renewal. The Della Torre brothers engage in protracted litigation to receive financial restitution from the Savorgnan heirs, during which time Raimondo dies. The three surviving brothers also petition for entrance into the hereditary Venetian nobility, a rare distinction held by the Savorgnan, but are rejected. The rebuff is lessened in 1533 when the brothers are named cavalieri aureati—Knights of the Golden Spur—by the Emperor Charles V, just two weeks after he granted the same honour to Titian (Tiziano Vecellio). Girolamo, now head of the family, takes the lead in rebuilding Palazzo Torriani. Alvise II attends to family affairs at Villalta. Michele becomes a favourite of Pope Paul III, thus creating lasting links with the powerful Farnese family, and rises in the hierarchy of the church in Rome.","PeriodicalId":296886,"journal":{"name":"The Venetian Bride","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122700881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0007
Patricia Fortini Brown
Girolamo and Giulia sail to Crete, their voyage reimagined from accounts of similar trips in that period. After avoiding attacks from corsairs, they arrive safely in the port of Candia, only to find half-finished city walls and many buildings partially in ruin from a recent earthquake. They soon obtain rental housing and insert themselves into a community of Latins and Greeks. Giulia gives birth to their first child, Lodovico, who dies two weeks later. A healthy second son, Sigismondo, is born, albeit with difficulties. With the Della Torre line now assured, the couple move within a complicated social hierarchy of elites and settle into the rhythms of colonial life. Girolamo collects rents for a Farnese cardinal and is granted permission to carry arms for his defence. The search for his brother’s assassins continues back in Italy, and Bishop Michele becomes a leading figure at the Council of Trent.
{"title":"Exile","authors":"Patricia Fortini Brown","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Girolamo and Giulia sail to Crete, their voyage reimagined from accounts of similar trips in that period. After avoiding attacks from corsairs, they arrive safely in the port of Candia, only to find half-finished city walls and many buildings partially in ruin from a recent earthquake. They soon obtain rental housing and insert themselves into a community of Latins and Greeks. Giulia gives birth to their first child, Lodovico, who dies two weeks later. A healthy second son, Sigismondo, is born, albeit with difficulties. With the Della Torre line now assured, the couple move within a complicated social hierarchy of elites and settle into the rhythms of colonial life. Girolamo collects rents for a Farnese cardinal and is granted permission to carry arms for his defence. The search for his brother’s assassins continues back in Italy, and Bishop Michele becomes a leading figure at the Council of Trent.","PeriodicalId":296886,"journal":{"name":"The Venetian Bride","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130167581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0010
Patricia Fortini Brown
Girolamo completes his sentence in mid-1559, and the family moves into the bishop’s castle in Ceneda, and then on to the castle at Villalta. Giulia furnishes each residence, as well as Palazzo Torriani in Udine, with trappings and furniture suitable to the family’s noble status. Giovanni da Udine embellishes the ceiling of a studiolo in the Castello di Colloredo with grotteschi decoration. While the Della Torre stay out of trouble, their Colloredo relatives keep the blood feud alive. After bearing two more daughters, Ginevra and Elena, Giulia is pregnant again and prophesies her own death. She dies in Ceneda in spring 1562 shortly after giving birth to Giulia II, her tenth child, ‘renewing the major part of the ancestors and herself’. The bloodline was secure. Francesco Sansovino honours Giulia in 1565 with the first freestanding female biography of an ordinary woman to appear in print in Renaissance Italy.
吉罗拉莫在1559年年中完成了他的刑期，全家搬到了塞内达主教的城堡，然后又搬到了比利亚尔塔的城堡。Giulia为每个住宅以及乌迪内的Palazzo Torriani布置了适合家庭贵族地位的装饰品和家具。乔瓦尼·达·乌迪内(Giovanni da Udine)用grotteschi装饰了科洛雷多城堡(Castello di Colloredo)一间工作室的天花板。虽然德拉·托尔一家没有惹麻烦，但他们的科洛雷多亲戚让血仇继续下去。在又生了两个女儿Ginevra和Elena之后，Giulia再次怀孕，并预言了自己的死亡。1562年春，她在生下第十个孩子朱利亚二世后不久死于塞内达，“延续了祖先和她自己的大部分”。血脉是稳固的。1565年，弗朗西斯科·桑索维诺出版了意大利文艺复兴时期出版的第一本独立的普通女性传记，向朱莉娅致敬。
{"title":"The Sacrifice","authors":"Patricia Fortini Brown","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192894571.003.0010","url":null,"abstract":"Girolamo completes his sentence in mid-1559, and the family moves into the bishop’s castle in Ceneda, and then on to the castle at Villalta. Giulia furnishes each residence, as well as Palazzo Torriani in Udine, with trappings and furniture suitable to the family’s noble status. Giovanni da Udine embellishes the ceiling of a studiolo in the Castello di Colloredo with grotteschi decoration. While the Della Torre stay out of trouble, their Colloredo relatives keep the blood feud alive. After bearing two more daughters, Ginevra and Elena, Giulia is pregnant again and prophesies her own death. She dies in Ceneda in spring 1562 shortly after giving birth to Giulia II, her tenth child, ‘renewing the major part of the ancestors and herself’. The bloodline was secure. Francesco Sansovino honours Giulia in 1565 with the first freestanding female biography of an ordinary woman to appear in print in Renaissance Italy.","PeriodicalId":296886,"journal":{"name":"The Venetian Bride","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123365455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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