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Poverty and Rural Penalty Height in Inland Spain During the Nutrition Transition 营养转型时期西班牙内陆贫困与农村罚高
Pub Date : 2016-03-09 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2745508
José Cañabate-Cabezuelos, J. Martínez-Carrión
This paper analyses nutritional inequalities and stunting in inner rural Spain from a case study carried out in Castile-La Mancha. The examination of the height military draftees explores the gap between urban and rural populations and analyses the evolution of growth patterns in different habitational contexts. The results indicate that stunted growth and undernourishment were pervasive in the two initial decades of the 20th century, that the situation improved slightly in the 1920s and the first half of the 1930s, and that in the 1940s and 1950s the conditions again deteriorated considerably. Stunted growth was significant especially in rural areas, which were particularly penalized during Francoism. Height increased considerably in the 1960s and 1970s and, although this improvement also reached the rural areas, the gap that separated the countryside and the urban areas did not disappear until the early 1980s. The data suggests that a poor and limited diet, the economic policies and the social assistance-related institutional framework were key factors in the evolution of growth. Finally, the results also stress the need to extend the study to adolescent circumstances, and not only children, as well as the need to investigate social inequality among different professional groups during the nutritional transition.
本文以卡斯蒂利亚-拉曼查为例,分析了西班牙内陆农村的营养不平等和发育迟缓问题。通过对征兵人口的调查,揭示了城市和农村人口之间的差距,并分析了不同居住环境下人口增长模式的演变。结果表明,生长迟缓和营养不良在20世纪最初的20年里普遍存在,这种情况在20世纪20年代和30年代上半叶略有改善,而在40年代和50年代,情况再次严重恶化。在弗朗哥统治时期受到特别惩罚的农村地区,发育迟缓尤为严重。在20世纪60年代和70年代,身高显著增加,尽管农村地区也有这种改善,但直到20世纪80年代初,农村和城市地区之间的差距才消失。数据表明,贫困和有限的饮食、经济政策和与社会援助相关的制度框架是经济增长演变的关键因素。最后,研究结果还强调,有必要将研究扩展到青少年的情况,而不仅仅是儿童,也有必要调查营养过渡期间不同专业群体之间的社会不平等。
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HEN: Spain (Sub-Topic)
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