Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.29011/2574-7258.010120
Dina B. Saroj, Pruthvi Upadhyaya, Vikash Kumar
Varieties of microbes are beneficial to humans. Probiotic microbes act by balancing the microbial flora in the gut. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) technique has been used to identify and characterize novel microbes. In the present study, genetic characterization of probiotic Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) strain PLSSC was carried out by WGS. A single scaffold of 4,204,670 bp size having 43.58 mol% G+C was derived by using both short reads and long reads generated by Illumina and Nano-pore respectively. Gene annotation by Prokaryotic Genome annotation pipeline (PGAP) resulted in identification of 4296 coding sequences (CDS), 86 tRNAs, 30 rRNAs and 5 ncRNA. BLASTN of assembled genome revealed that B. subtilis KCTC 3135 is the closest strain showing ~99% identity. Analysis of assembled PLSSC genome for the genes related to safety such as antibiotic resistance, virulence factors and toxins revealed that none of the identified genes pose risk to human health. Presence of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and lack of functional prophage sequences appeared to be advantageous in maintaining the genome stability. Additionally, presence of genes contributing to probiotic properties such as acid and bile salt tolerance, anchoring to the gut mucosa and anti-microbial activity in the PLSSC genome ensure strain survivability thereby increasing their colonization and reducing pathogenic adherence in the gut. Overall, genomic analysis strongly suggests that B. subtilis strain PLSSC is a safe strain and can be used as a probiotic.
{"title":"Whole Genome Sequencing-based Genetic Characterization and Safety Assessment of Probiotic Bacillus subtilis strain PLSSC","authors":"Dina B. Saroj, Pruthvi Upadhyaya, Vikash Kumar","doi":"10.29011/2574-7258.010120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2574-7258.010120","url":null,"abstract":"Varieties of microbes are beneficial to humans. Probiotic microbes act by balancing the microbial flora in the gut. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) technique has been used to identify and characterize novel microbes. In the present study, genetic characterization of probiotic Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) strain PLSSC was carried out by WGS. A single scaffold of 4,204,670 bp size having 43.58 mol% G+C was derived by using both short reads and long reads generated by Illumina and Nano-pore respectively. Gene annotation by Prokaryotic Genome annotation pipeline (PGAP) resulted in identification of 4296 coding sequences (CDS), 86 tRNAs, 30 rRNAs and 5 ncRNA. BLASTN of assembled genome revealed that B. subtilis KCTC 3135 is the closest strain showing ~99% identity. Analysis of assembled PLSSC genome for the genes related to safety such as antibiotic resistance, virulence factors and toxins revealed that none of the identified genes pose risk to human health. Presence of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and lack of functional prophage sequences appeared to be advantageous in maintaining the genome stability. Additionally, presence of genes contributing to probiotic properties such as acid and bile salt tolerance, anchoring to the gut mucosa and anti-microbial activity in the PLSSC genome ensure strain survivability thereby increasing their colonization and reducing pathogenic adherence in the gut. Overall, genomic analysis strongly suggests that B. subtilis strain PLSSC is a safe strain and can be used as a probiotic.","PeriodicalId":298066,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"42 173","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141696509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.29011/2574-7258.010121
MN Aftab
This study investigated the production of stable α-amylase from thermopile bacteria Thermoanaerobacterium thermoanaerobacterium . The gene encoding this enzyme was cloned and expressed in E. coli using IPTG as the standard inducer of T7 promoter. For large-scale production optimization, several parameters were adjusted. High recombinant enzyme yield was achieved u nde r conditions where the medium volume comprised 60% of the fermenter’s total volume, aeration rate was set at 2.5 vvm, dissolved oxygen was maintained at 15%, and agitation speed of 150 rpm was used. Using the optimized conditions, highest enzyme production was reached to 6.17 ± 0.32 U/ml/min with total proteins of 4.73 ± 0.04 mg/ml and viable cells 5.82 ×10 7 cells/ml. When the E. coli cells were induced with IPTG and lactose, maximum enzyme production (16.8 U/ml/min) was obtained when induction was done with 0
{"title":"Production of A Stable Recombinant α-amylase Enzyme from Thermoanaerobacterium: Thermoanaerobacterium in Pilot Scale Fermenter","authors":"MN Aftab","doi":"10.29011/2574-7258.010121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2574-7258.010121","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the production of stable α-amylase from thermopile bacteria Thermoanaerobacterium thermoanaerobacterium . The gene encoding this enzyme was cloned and expressed in E. coli using IPTG as the standard inducer of T7 promoter. For large-scale production optimization, several parameters were adjusted. High recombinant enzyme yield was achieved u nde r conditions where the medium volume comprised 60% of the fermenter’s total volume, aeration rate was set at 2.5 vvm, dissolved oxygen was maintained at 15%, and agitation speed of 150 rpm was used. Using the optimized conditions, highest enzyme production was reached to 6.17 ± 0.32 U/ml/min with total proteins of 4.73 ± 0.04 mg/ml and viable cells 5.82 ×10 7 cells/ml. When the E. coli cells were induced with IPTG and lactose, maximum enzyme production (16.8 U/ml/min) was obtained when induction was done with 0","PeriodicalId":298066,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"24 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141699596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.29011/2574-7258.010113
Kurata
is
是
{"title":"Antibody Productivity of CHO Cells is Altered by ER Stress Tolerance of the Host Cell","authors":"Kurata","doi":"10.29011/2574-7258.010113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2574-7258.010113","url":null,"abstract":"is","PeriodicalId":298066,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"30 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140396828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-24DOI: 10.29011/2574-7258.010110
Nadir Ali Shah, Naheed Shah, Lakha Dino Shah
The scarab beetles of the order Coleoptera include both beneficial and harmful insects. The continued increase of small cities in developing nations created a challenge for conservation and an opportunity for implementing new research and land use concepts. Species richness of all taxa be likely to be reduced in highly urbanized areas, while suburban areas showed mixed responses with trends of increasing flora and birds but decreasing invertebrates and non-avian vertebrates. Elements fundamental to human disturbance such as creation of a more heterogeneous environment, level of disturbance and variability may all influence species richness. The objective of this review paper is to describe the biodiversity of scarab beetles Scarabaeidae in multiple areas of the world to assist the scientific community for their ecological services by which they act as sanitation agents, suppressing agents of cattle parasites and as bio indicators as well. Advances in Biochemistry and Biotechnology Ali Shah N, et al. Adv Biochem Biotechnol 7: 10110. www.doi.org/10.29011/2574-7258.010110 www.gavinpublishers.com
{"title":"Biodiversity of Scarabaeidaecoleoptera Scarab Beetles in Different Regions of the World: A Review Article","authors":"Nadir Ali Shah, Naheed Shah, Lakha Dino Shah","doi":"10.29011/2574-7258.010110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2574-7258.010110","url":null,"abstract":"The scarab beetles of the order Coleoptera include both beneficial and harmful insects. The continued increase of small cities in developing nations created a challenge for conservation and an opportunity for implementing new research and land use concepts. Species richness of all taxa be likely to be reduced in highly urbanized areas, while suburban areas showed mixed responses with trends of increasing flora and birds but decreasing invertebrates and non-avian vertebrates. Elements fundamental to human disturbance such as creation of a more heterogeneous environment, level of disturbance and variability may all influence species richness. The objective of this review paper is to describe the biodiversity of scarab beetles Scarabaeidae in multiple areas of the world to assist the scientific community for their ecological services by which they act as sanitation agents, suppressing agents of cattle parasites and as bio indicators as well. Advances in Biochemistry and Biotechnology Ali Shah N, et al. Adv Biochem Biotechnol 7: 10110. www.doi.org/10.29011/2574-7258.010110 www.gavinpublishers.com","PeriodicalId":298066,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"366 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124598888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-04DOI: 10.29011/2574-7258.010109
Nadir Ali Shah, Naheed Shah
Scarab beetles also known as dung beetles is considered the most significant insect assemblies in the tropical zones because of their vital role in the nutrient recycling, helminthes control and seed dispersion as they use dung of herbivorous and omnivorous mammals as a food reserve. Many species of dung beetles can be functional on the wide range of food sources from flesh to dung or more particular means like mushrooms, diplopods, fruits, eggs vegetation and detritus. The species are extremely specialized, consuming definite primate dung. Though, varied aspects of the ecological history of dung beetles have been extensively studied, little is recognized about their particular use of different dung beetles in multiple nutrients cycles such as nitrogen cycle, organic matter decomposition, CH4 emissions, NH3 volatilization, greenhouse gases emission, waste management, forest and agro pasture ecosystem stability as well as soil and agricultural cycles. For this reason, this review paper offers a study likening the use of primate dung species by congregation of dung beetles in the ecological regions. Dung beetles and their functions are not consistently disseminated across the time and space that will present challenges to understand the crescendos of service assembly, even in those environments where environment service standards can be evidently delimited. The deteriorating global trends in food and habitat accessibility for Scarabaeine dung beetles are of inordinate review concern. Advances in Biochemistry and Biotechnology Ali Shah N and Shah N. Adv Biochem Biotechnol 7: 10109. www.doi.org/10.29011/2574-7258.010109 www.gavinpublishers.com
{"title":"Ecological Benefits of Scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) on Nutrient Cycles: A Review Article","authors":"Nadir Ali Shah, Naheed Shah","doi":"10.29011/2574-7258.010109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2574-7258.010109","url":null,"abstract":"Scarab beetles also known as dung beetles is considered the most significant insect assemblies in the tropical zones because of their vital role in the nutrient recycling, helminthes control and seed dispersion as they use dung of herbivorous and omnivorous mammals as a food reserve. Many species of dung beetles can be functional on the wide range of food sources from flesh to dung or more particular means like mushrooms, diplopods, fruits, eggs vegetation and detritus. The species are extremely specialized, consuming definite primate dung. Though, varied aspects of the ecological history of dung beetles have been extensively studied, little is recognized about their particular use of different dung beetles in multiple nutrients cycles such as nitrogen cycle, organic matter decomposition, CH4 emissions, NH3 volatilization, greenhouse gases emission, waste management, forest and agro pasture ecosystem stability as well as soil and agricultural cycles. For this reason, this review paper offers a study likening the use of primate dung species by congregation of dung beetles in the ecological regions. Dung beetles and their functions are not consistently disseminated across the time and space that will present challenges to understand the crescendos of service assembly, even in those environments where environment service standards can be evidently delimited. The deteriorating global trends in food and habitat accessibility for Scarabaeine dung beetles are of inordinate review concern. Advances in Biochemistry and Biotechnology Ali Shah N and Shah N. Adv Biochem Biotechnol 7: 10109. www.doi.org/10.29011/2574-7258.010109 www.gavinpublishers.com","PeriodicalId":298066,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133733025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.29011/2574-7258.010108
{"title":"Trampling and Pressure Conditions Affect in vivo Production of Asiaticoside in Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban","authors":"","doi":"10.29011/2574-7258.010108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2574-7258.010108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":298066,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114869174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.29011/2574-7258.010105
{"title":"Overview of the Role of Actin in the Intracellular Transport of Baculovirus","authors":"","doi":"10.29011/2574-7258.010105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2574-7258.010105","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":298066,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128032523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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