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Suggestions for Addressing Clinical and Non-Clinical Issues in Palliative Care [Working Title]最新文献

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Caregiver Distress in Cancer 癌症中照顾者的苦恼
A. Arora
Cancer is a chronic disease with associated physical, emotional, social, financial and spiritual problems. The primary caregiver takes care of all these cancer-related issues for the patient. In India, usually a family member or loved one is the caregiver of the patient. The caregivers themselves feel distress and many factors may be associated with their psychological well-being. Pattern of distress may vary according to phases of the disease like at diagnosis, during ongoing oncological treatment, recovery period, remission period, recurrence of cancer, during end of life care and bereavement. Identifying and understanding caregiver distress is the first step. Active listening and good communication is important to unearth the real concerns and fears in order to relieve the distress. This chapter covers components of caregiver distress, assessment, physical, psychosocial and spiritual factors associated with distress and its management. Lastly, some recent literature related to prevalence and factors associated with caregiver distress.
癌症是一种伴随身体、情感、社会、经济和精神问题的慢性疾病。主要护理人员为病人处理所有与癌症相关的问题。在印度,通常由家庭成员或亲人来照顾病人。照顾者自己感到痛苦,许多因素可能与他们的心理健康有关。痛苦的模式可能根据疾病的不同阶段而有所不同,如诊断时、正在进行的肿瘤治疗期间、恢复期、缓解期、癌症复发期间、临终关怀期间和丧亲之痛期间。识别和理解照顾者的痛苦是第一步。积极倾听和良好的沟通对于发现真正的担忧和恐惧是很重要的,这样才能减轻痛苦。本章涵盖照顾者痛苦的组成部分,评估,与痛苦及其管理相关的身体,社会心理和精神因素。最后,一些最近的文献有关的患病率和因素与照顾者的痛苦。
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引用次数: 0
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting 化疗引起的恶心和呕吐
E. D. Liso
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting is a common adverse effect in cancer patients that not only impacts quality of life, but also treatment outcomes. The prevalence of nausea and vomiting is related to several factors, including the emetogenicity of the chemotherapy regimen, the dose and rate of administration of the chemotherapy agents, various environmental triggers and patient-related factors. The pathogenesis involves multiple organ systems, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract and neurotransmitters. Clinical management should include a complete assessment of nausea and vomiting to investigate the possible etiology and the pharmacologic approach should involve agents that target each of these pathways and neurotransmitters. Various national guidelines provide recommendations for the prevention and management of CINV and combining these evidence-based strategies into clinical practice is crucial l to improve morbidity and quality-of-life outcomes among cancer patients.
化疗引起的恶心和呕吐是癌症患者常见的不良反应,不仅影响生活质量,而且影响治疗结果。恶心和呕吐的发生率与几个因素有关,包括化疗方案的致吐性、化疗药物的剂量和给药速度、各种环境触发因素和患者相关因素。发病机制涉及多脏器系统,包括中枢神经系统、胃肠道和神经递质。临床治疗应包括对恶心和呕吐的全面评估,以调查可能的病因,药理学方法应包括针对这些途径和神经递质的药物。各种国家指南为CINV的预防和管理提供了建议,将这些循证策略结合到临床实践中对于改善癌症患者的发病率和生活质量至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
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Suggestions for Addressing Clinical and Non-Clinical Issues in Palliative Care [Working Title]
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