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On Tests For Long-Term Dependence: India’s International Tourism Market 长期依赖的检验:印度国际旅游市场
Pub Date : 2011-06-30 DOI: 10.19041/APSTRACT/2011/1-2/13
Prasert Chaitip, S. Sriboonchitta, P. Balogh, C. Chaiboonsri
There has been growing interest in studying behaviour of long memory process in tourism market. In this research examine the behaviour of India’s international tourism market based on long-memory analysis. The international tourism market of India combined with nine countries. For example, tourists from USA, tourists from UK, tourists from Canada, tourists from Germany, tourists from France, tourists from Japan, tourists from Malaysia, tourists from Australia and tourists form Sri Lanka. Moreover, three statistical test for long-memory process such as R/S test, Modified R/S test and GPH-test are employed to test in these markets. The empirical findings in general provide more support for no long memory process or no long-term dependence in international tourism market of India.
旅游市场对长记忆过程行为的研究日益引起人们的兴趣。在本研究中,考察了基于长记忆分析的印度国际旅游市场的行为。印度的国际旅游市场与9个国家相结合。例如,来自美国的游客,来自英国的游客,来自加拿大的游客,来自德国的游客,来自法国的游客,来自日本的游客,来自马来西亚的游客,来自澳大利亚的游客和来自斯里兰卡的游客。并采用R/S检验、修正R/S检验和gph检验三种长记忆过程的统计检验对这些市场进行检验。总体而言,实证研究结果更支持印度国际旅游市场不存在长记忆过程或不存在长期依赖。
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引用次数: 1
Financial Soundness Indicators 财务稳健性指标
Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.5089/9781589063976.069
Daniela Zapodeanu, M. Cociuba
Following the financial-economic crisis the financial systems worldwide have been subjected to enormous pressure, which called into question the need for financial system stability in general and in particular the one of the banking system. We overview the most important indicators in financial stability and we analyze the evolution of the main indicators of financial health for the Romanian banking system as a whole and for two banks, respectively BRD and Transylvania Bank . We find that banks with foreign shareholders tend to be more riskier then domestic banks, also an important role in banks stability is the presence of an institutional investor.
继金融经济危机之后,世界范围内的金融体系承受着巨大的压力,这使人们对金融体系总体稳定的必要性,特别是银行体系的稳定性提出了质疑。我们概述了金融稳定中最重要的指标,并分析了罗马尼亚银行体系整体金融健康主要指标的演变,以及两家银行,分别是复兴开发银行和特兰西瓦尼亚银行。我们发现,拥有外资股东的银行往往比国内银行风险更大,机构投资者的存在对银行的稳定性也起着重要作用。
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引用次数: 60
Forecasting with X-12-Arima: International Tourist Arrivals to India 用X-12-Arima预测:印度国际旅游人数
Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.19041/APSTRACT/2009/1-2/5
P. Balogh, S. Kovács, C. Chaiboonsri, Prasert Chaitip
Forecasting is an essential analytical tool in tourism policy and planning. This paper focuses on forecasting methods based on X-12-ARIMA seasonal adjustment and this method was developed by the Census Bureau in the United States. It has been continually improved since the 1960s, and it is used by many statistics agencies and central banks. The secondary data were used to produce forecasts of international tourist arrivals to India for 2007-2010 based on the period 2002-2006. The results confirm that the best forecasting method based on the X-12-ARIMA seasonal adjustment is X-12-ARIMA(0,1,2)(0,1,1), X-12-ARIMA(0,1,1)(0,1,1) and X-12-ARIMA(2,1,0)(0,1,1). Furthermore this method predict that international tourism arrivals to India for 2007-2010 will growth at a positive rate as same as in this during period the number of international tourists arrival to India will be 5,079,651 million, 5,652,190 million, 6,224,490 million and 6,796,990 million, respectively. If these results can be generalized for future year, then it suggests that both the India government sector and private tourism industry sector should prepare to receive increasing numbers of international tourist arrivals to India in this period.
预测是旅游政策和规划中必不可少的分析工具。本文主要研究基于X-12-ARIMA季节调整的预测方法,该方法由美国人口普查局开发。自20世纪60年代以来,它不断得到改进,被许多统计机构和中央银行使用。二手数据被用来在2002-2006年的基础上对2007-2010年印度的国际游客人数进行预测。结果表明,基于X-12-ARIMA季节调整的最佳预测方法为X-12-ARIMA(0,1,2)(0,1,1)、X-12-ARIMA(0,1,1)(0,1,1)和X-12-ARIMA(2,1,0)(0,1,1)。此外,该方法预测2007-2010年到印度的国际旅游人数将以与此期间到印度的国际游客人数相同的正增长率增长,分别为50796.51亿、56521.19亿、62244.9亿和67969.90亿。如果这些结果可以推广到未来一年,那么它表明印度政府部门和私营旅游业部门都应该准备在这一时期接待越来越多的国际游客。
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引用次数: 11
The Concept of Crisis 危机的概念
Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/9780822372905
I. Stegăroiu
The concept of crisis is very hard to define. It has its origin in the Greek word “krisis” which means the evolution stage of a situation in which a decision should be taken. This concept describes a break in the evolution of a phenomenon in which decisions are hard to take.
危机的概念很难定义。它起源于希腊语“krisis”,意思是应该做出决定的情况的演变阶段。这个概念描述了一种现象演变中的中断,在这种中断中很难做出决定。
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引用次数: 1
The budget of the European Union 欧盟的预算
Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/0-387-28742-6_4
Vasile Popengă, M. Popescu
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引用次数: 11
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Annals of the University of Petrosani Economics
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