Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.25205/1818-7900-2023-21-2-18-28
A. S. Fleenko
The phenomenon of informatization of society is quite well covered in the scientific and philosophical literature. At the same time, less attention is paid to the analysis of the development of the tool for informatization of society — information technology. One of the urgent problems of studying information technologies is to determine the stages of their development. Applying a historical approach to the study of information technologies (IT) and their branches — geoinformation technologies (GIT) — it is possible to establish the patterns of their development and determine the directions for further growth. In the process of studying the formation and improvement of IT and GIT, approaches to dividing the history of the development of these technologies into stages are determined. For the first approach, the determining factor in the transition to the next stage of development is the improvement of information processing tools. Within the framework of this approach, four main stages are distinguished - “elementary”, “mechanical”, “software” and “network”. The second approach is related to the evolution of the tasks solved by IT and GIT — the transition from formalized to partially formalized and non-formalized issues is considered. The third approach is based on the analysis of IT development and GIT as innovative technologies that successively go through the stages of invention, diffusion and adaptation. In the process of analyzing the history of IT, it was found that after the middle of the 20th century, GIT was singled out as one of the means of solving partially formalized and non-formalized tasks, which led to the beginning of the “explicit” development of GIT as an independent direction of IT.
{"title":"Development of Geographic Information Systems as an Information Technology","authors":"A. S. Fleenko","doi":"10.25205/1818-7900-2023-21-2-18-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7900-2023-21-2-18-28","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of informatization of society is quite well covered in the scientific and philosophical literature. At the same time, less attention is paid to the analysis of the development of the tool for informatization of society — information technology. One of the urgent problems of studying information technologies is to determine the stages of their development. Applying a historical approach to the study of information technologies (IT) and their branches — geoinformation technologies (GIT) — it is possible to establish the patterns of their development and determine the directions for further growth. In the process of studying the formation and improvement of IT and GIT, approaches to dividing the history of the development of these technologies into stages are determined. For the first approach, the determining factor in the transition to the next stage of development is the improvement of information processing tools. Within the framework of this approach, four main stages are distinguished - “elementary”, “mechanical”, “software” and “network”. The second approach is related to the evolution of the tasks solved by IT and GIT — the transition from formalized to partially formalized and non-formalized issues is considered. The third approach is based on the analysis of IT development and GIT as innovative technologies that successively go through the stages of invention, diffusion and adaptation. In the process of analyzing the history of IT, it was found that after the middle of the 20th century, GIT was singled out as one of the means of solving partially formalized and non-formalized tasks, which led to the beginning of the “explicit” development of GIT as an independent direction of IT.","PeriodicalId":31947,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Novosibirskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Seria Social''noEkonomiceskie Nauki","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135546653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.25205/1818-7900-2023-21-2-5-17
D. A. Permiashkin
Prevailing portion of the factories and manufacturers are controlled by programming microcontrollers in the modern world. And the portion keeps growing which is closely tied to processes of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Precisely, with an idea of fully automated manufactures to help humans to make less decisions and make them faster. Or to exclude humans from the decision making process at all. Due to that, there is a need for the controlling algorithms which should react to the different events, be aware of the external world and be tolerant to both internal and hardware failures. There is a process-oriented paradigm which was developed in Institute of Automation and Electrometry SB RAS and suits perfectly for automatization of such algorithms. This is achieved by splitting the algorithm into huge amounts of the small parallel processes highly tied to the elements of the real world. Which is how real processes on real manufactures work. This is where the conflicts during concurrent programming appear. And because there is a fault tolerance requirement there is a need to solve those conflicts. This work presents the analysis of already existing solutions to the conflicts during concurrent programming with the goal of either reusing those solutions in process-oriented programming or adapting them to it. As a result, there is an answer on how effective the process-oriented paradigm is in solving those kinds of conflicts and how fault tolerant those programs are.
{"title":"On Solving Concurrent Process Problem in Process-Oriented Programs","authors":"D. A. Permiashkin","doi":"10.25205/1818-7900-2023-21-2-5-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7900-2023-21-2-5-17","url":null,"abstract":"Prevailing portion of the factories and manufacturers are controlled by programming microcontrollers in the modern world. And the portion keeps growing which is closely tied to processes of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Precisely, with an idea of fully automated manufactures to help humans to make less decisions and make them faster. Or to exclude humans from the decision making process at all. Due to that, there is a need for the controlling algorithms which should react to the different events, be aware of the external world and be tolerant to both internal and hardware failures. There is a process-oriented paradigm which was developed in Institute of Automation and Electrometry SB RAS and suits perfectly for automatization of such algorithms. This is achieved by splitting the algorithm into huge amounts of the small parallel processes highly tied to the elements of the real world. Which is how real processes on real manufactures work. This is where the conflicts during concurrent programming appear. And because there is a fault tolerance requirement there is a need to solve those conflicts. This work presents the analysis of already existing solutions to the conflicts during concurrent programming with the goal of either reusing those solutions in process-oriented programming or adapting them to it. As a result, there is an answer on how effective the process-oriented paradigm is in solving those kinds of conflicts and how fault tolerant those programs are.","PeriodicalId":31947,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Novosibirskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Seria Social''noEkonomiceskie Nauki","volume":"301 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135546647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.25205/1818-7900-2023-21-2-29-38
A. I. Fokina, A. A. Chepovskiy, A. M. Chepovskiy
When forming graphs of interacting objects built when importing data from social networks and instant messaging networks, text data also act as vertex attributes. In this paper, the authors describe a text research methodology based on corpus analysis procedures. The purpose of this article is to test the methodological tools provided by the TXM software for the comparative analysis of the revealed communities texts on the graph of interacting objects. The method is proposed to assess the quality of the implicit communities revealing on the graph obtained by importing data from the channel network of the Telegram messenger.
{"title":"Using TXM Platform of Corpus Analysis for Text Analysis of Social Media","authors":"A. I. Fokina, A. A. Chepovskiy, A. M. Chepovskiy","doi":"10.25205/1818-7900-2023-21-2-29-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7900-2023-21-2-29-38","url":null,"abstract":"When forming graphs of interacting objects built when importing data from social networks and instant messaging networks, text data also act as vertex attributes. In this paper, the authors describe a text research methodology based on corpus analysis procedures. The purpose of this article is to test the methodological tools provided by the TXM software for the comparative analysis of the revealed communities texts on the graph of interacting objects. The method is proposed to assess the quality of the implicit communities revealing on the graph obtained by importing data from the channel network of the Telegram messenger.","PeriodicalId":31947,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Novosibirskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Seria Social''noEkonomiceskie Nauki","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136238321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.25205/1818-7900-2023-21-2-39-50
T. M. Shamsutdinova
The purpose of this article is to consider the theoretical and practical issues of developing neural network models for river flood forecasting (in case of the Belaya River near Ufa), as well as to implement the corresponding neural network in Python. To build a training sample, archival data from meteorological services and meteorological observation sites for the flood periods of the Belaya (Agidel) River in 2018–2022 were used. The following indicators were collected and analyzed: water level, water temperature, day and night air temperature, precipitation, snow depth, including information about the pre-flood condition of the snow cover. The software implementation of the neural network was performed using the PyTorch deep learning library; in addition, modules from the Matplotlib and Pandas libraries were used. The stability of the operation of this neural network was studied when the following parameters were changed: the optimizers used (Adam, Adamax and Rprop); learning rate coefficient; the number of neurons in the hidden layer; number of learning epochs. It is concluded that the developed neural network can be used to model the flood level when creating short-term forecasts. In order to move to longer-term forecasts in the future, it is planned to further expand the size of the factors in the training sample.
{"title":"Application of Neural Network Modeling in Problems of Predicting the Level of River Floods","authors":"T. M. Shamsutdinova","doi":"10.25205/1818-7900-2023-21-2-39-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7900-2023-21-2-39-50","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to consider the theoretical and practical issues of developing neural network models for river flood forecasting (in case of the Belaya River near Ufa), as well as to implement the corresponding neural network in Python. To build a training sample, archival data from meteorological services and meteorological observation sites for the flood periods of the Belaya (Agidel) River in 2018–2022 were used. The following indicators were collected and analyzed: water level, water temperature, day and night air temperature, precipitation, snow depth, including information about the pre-flood condition of the snow cover. The software implementation of the neural network was performed using the PyTorch deep learning library; in addition, modules from the Matplotlib and Pandas libraries were used. The stability of the operation of this neural network was studied when the following parameters were changed: the optimizers used (Adam, Adamax and Rprop); learning rate coefficient; the number of neurons in the hidden layer; number of learning epochs. It is concluded that the developed neural network can be used to model the flood level when creating short-term forecasts. In order to move to longer-term forecasts in the future, it is planned to further expand the size of the factors in the training sample.","PeriodicalId":31947,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Novosibirskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Seria Social''noEkonomiceskie Nauki","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136238316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.25205/1818-7900-2023-21-2-51-62
A. S. Shcherbin
In this paper we made a survey of neural architecture search algorithms and their benchmarking. Based on our survey we highlight the current problems in the quality of neural network architecture benchmarking and in the comparison of neural architecture search algorithms.
{"title":"Problems of Neural Network Architecture Benchmarking and Search","authors":"A. S. Shcherbin","doi":"10.25205/1818-7900-2023-21-2-51-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7900-2023-21-2-51-62","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we made a survey of neural architecture search algorithms and their benchmarking. Based on our survey we highlight the current problems in the quality of neural network architecture benchmarking and in the comparison of neural architecture search algorithms.","PeriodicalId":31947,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Novosibirskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Seria Social''noEkonomiceskie Nauki","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136239682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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