Pub Date : 2020-07-23DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190933784.003.0005
Geoffrey J Blumenthal, J. Ladyman, V. Seifert
How do we refer to chemical substances, and in particular to chemical elements? This question relates to many philosophical questions, including whether or not theories are incommensurable, the extent to which past theories are later discarded, and issues about scientific realism. This chapter considers the first explicit reference to types of colorless air in late-eighteenth-century chemical practice. Reference to a gas by one chemist was generally intended to give others epistemological, methodological, and practical access to the gas. This chapter proposes a causal-descriptive theory of reference for chemical substances. Implications for debates about incommensurability and realism are also briefly noted.
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Pub Date : 2020-07-23DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190933784.003.0012
K. Ruthenberg
In the present chapter I explore the historical and systematic aspects of the dictum “All chemical substances are preparations,” and particularly address the empirical background of the elements of the science of substance behavior in different time periods. This exploration is intended as an examination of metachemical conventions, rather than another hackneyed and whiggish criticism of apparently wrong old theories.
{"title":"Making Elements","authors":"K. Ruthenberg","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190933784.003.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190933784.003.0012","url":null,"abstract":"In the present chapter I explore the historical and systematic aspects of the dictum “All chemical substances are preparations,” and particularly address the empirical background of the elements of the science of substance behavior in different time periods. This exploration is intended as an examination of metachemical conventions, rather than another hackneyed and whiggish criticism of apparently wrong old theories.","PeriodicalId":339761,"journal":{"name":"What Is A Chemical Element?","volume":" 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120830439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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